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N Javadpour

Publications and source records attributed to N Javadpour.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cell surface antigen in bilharzial bladder tumours.

Detection of the ABO (H) blood group in the urothelium in cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is a good indicator of the future behaviour of these tumours. Since conventional histopathological and clinical examination in bilharzial bladder carcinoma shows a clinical staging error rate of 37.2%, we used the specific red cell adherence (SRCA) technique to study the cell surface antigens in 28 patients over a 5-year period. A prediction rate of 63.6 to 84.6% was obtained when correlated with clinical behaviour.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

A trial of combination chemotherapy followed by hormonal therapy for previously untreated metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.

We administered combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin to 25 previously untreated patients with metastatic prostate cancer in order to assess the efficacy of chemotherapy before any hormonal manipulation. Hormonal therapy was administered only after progression of disease to chemotherapy. All 25 patients were followed until time of death and all were able to receive hormonal therapy. We did not find substantially improved response rates when combination chemotherapy was applied before endocrine treatment since the 33% objective response rate to chemotherapy was only minimally higher than the response in our patients who had failed hormonal therapy and then received identical or similar chemotherapy. Furthermore, the introduction of intensive combination chemotherapy before hormonal therapy in our study did not result in any striking improvement in overall survival compared with patients who received initial hormonal therapy in many other studies. Responses to chemotherapy were not attributable to suppression of serum testosterone since all 12 patients with partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) and four of seven patients with no response (NR) had normal testosterone levels at the time of response assessment. The initial use of chemotherapy did not adversely affect the expected high percentage of objective responses (68%) to subsequent hormonal manipulation. The frequency, duration, and quality of responses to hormonal therapy exceeded the responses to chemotherapy. The disappointing responses to chemotherapy reflect the very modest efficacy of even aggressively delivered cytotoxic agents.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Familial testicular cancer and urogenital developmental anomalies.

In a case-control study of testicular cancer, 6 of 269 cases (2.2%) reported a first-degree relative with testicular cancer, compared to 1 of 259 controls (0.4%). Fathers and brothers of testicular cancer cases had a six-fold elevated risk of developing a testicular malignancy compared to men in the general population. Cryptorchidism was reported in a first-degree relative in 1 (17%) of the familial cases versus 7 of 259 (2.7%) controls and 14 of 263 (5.3%) cases with a negative family history for testicular cancer. One half of the 6 familial cases reported a first-degree relative with a groin hernia (all surgically repaired before age 12), compared to 12.7% of 259 controls and 10.3% of 263 nonfamilial cases. Three familial clusters identified through the case-control study were selected for clinical evaluation. One of the 6 surviving males with testicular cancer in these 3 families had undergone orchiopexy and inguinal herniorrhaphy at age 6 years, and one had a hydrocele associated with his testicular tumor. Of the 12 living fathers and brothers of these 6 men, 3 reported childhood inguinal hernias, two with coexisting hydroceles. One additional hernia and two additional hydroceles were detected during urologic evaluation of these healthy relatives. The high prevalence of cryptorchidism, inguinal hernias, and hydroceles among men in these families suggests that an underlying alteration in urogenital embryogenesis may be associated with the familial predisposition to testicular neoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Alternative to retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy with preservation of ejaculation and fertility in stage I nonseminomatous testicular cancer. A prospective study.

Twenty patients with clinical Stage I nonseminomatous testicular cancer have been staged by retroperitoneal exploration and removal of landing zone lymphatics. Only two patients had microscopic metastases to these landing zone lymphatics and underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Two patients developed chest metastases in 2 to 5-year follow-up. All patients had preservation of ejaculation and their fertility status. This relatively brief surgical staging avoids the complications of a formal lymphadenectomy with 100% survival, and cost-effectiveness with excellent quality of life due to minimal complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacology and clinical applications of cis-platinum.

Cis-platinum is one of the most efficacious platinum group metals. This agent is widely used in combination with cancer chemotherapy including urologic, gynecologic, esophageal, and head and neck cancers. The initial experience indicated dose-limiting renal nephrotoxicity. However, recent knowledge through animal and clinical experiments have led to finding ways to prevent the undesirable toxicities of this agent even in high doses. The clinical utilization of cisplatinum in various cancers, including testicular, ovarian, bladder, prostate, esophageal, have been encouraging. The use of high-dose cis-platinum (200 mg/m2) has had important therapeutic impact on patients with poor prognostic testicular cancer when compared with the conventional dosage (100 mg/m2). The current use and future potential of this anticancer metal and its potential analogs are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Testicular cancer risk among young men: role of cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia.

The role of cryptorchidism (undescended testis) and inguinal hernia in the etiology of testicular cancer among men aged 18-42 years was evaluated in a case-control study of 271 cases and 259 controls referred to three collaborating medical centers in the Washington, DC, area. The relative risk of testicular cancer for men who reported a history of an undescended testis was 3.7 (95% confidence interval = 1.6-8.6). The risk increased with increasing age at correction; the risk was highest for those men whose cryptorchid testis was never corrected. Among unilateral cryptorchids, no increased risk of testicular cancer was observed for the normally descended testis. There was only a slight excess risk for men without cryptorchidism who had a herniorrhaphy; however, those who underwent a hernia operation after age 7 had a significantly elevated risk of testicular cancer on the same side as the hernia. This case-control study is the first one to support the clinical recommendations for early surgical correction of cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. Data from this study suggest that the excess cancer risk associated with cryptorchidism is due to internal factors that affect the undescended testis rather than to some underlying developmental abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A decade of progress, current problems and future perspectives in testicular cancer.

The author resumes the basic progress achieved in the classification, staging and treatment of testicular cancer in the last 10 years. It is already possible to evaluate with precision the extent of non-seminomatous tumours of the testicles by using serum and intra-cellular tumoral markers (immunoperoxydase and anti-peroxydase peroxydase technique), ultrasonography and CT scan. It should be possible to selective scan the metastases with anti-alpha-foeto protein and anti HCG antibodies. Greater precision is necessary in the staging of tumors than is generally admitted. Local invasion of blood vessels and lymphatics. Invasion of the cord. The number of invaded retro-peritoneal lymphnodes (greater than or less than 5). The size of the lymphnodes (2 cm). For stage I tumours: A. Good prognosis. Wait and see without lymphnode dissection or chemiotherapy. Year 1--monthly check-ups. Year 2--quarterly check-ups. Then annual check-ups. B. Poor prognosis. Limited biopsic retroperitoneal lymphnode dissection subsequently extended following the result of the frozen section histology. For stage II tumours (with histologic proof of lymphnode invasion) the author recommends radical lymphnode dissection, except in the case of very large tumours. Subsequently: Where the excision is complete and the prognosis good (number and size of lymphnodes) no immediate chemotherapy. The author prefers to save it should the patient suffer a relapse (same follow-up as for stage 1A). Where the excision is incomplete or where it is complete but the lymphnodes are numerous (greater than 5) or large (greater than 2 cm) chemiotherapy is recommended. Where the lymphnodes are bulky. The author recommends chemiotherapy initially to be followed by retroperitoneal radical dissection. The presence of persisting tumoral tissue would imply additional chemiotherapy. In advanced tumours, a bone-marrow sampling would precede very aggressive chemiotherapy followed by surgery for residual tumoral tissue, reinjection of the bone marrow and an additional course of chemiotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Peroxidase antiperoxidase versus specific red cell adherence in detection of O (H) antigen in bladder cancer: a blind study.

We have previously demonstrated that the presence or absence of ABO(H) cell surface antigens correlated with stage, grade, and prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. However, because of the weak antigenecity of 0(H), certain investigators have reported a high rate of false-negative results utilizing specific red cell adherence (SRCA) test of Davidsohn. Since approximately 45% of the population is blood group O(H), this high rate of false-negative result renders the test unreliable in an ordinary laboratory. The present study is comparing the results of SRCA to that of peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) technique in a double-blind fashion in 29 patients with bladder cancer having O(H) blood group. In terms of grade, stage, frequency of recurrent tumor, and quality of slides, the results of PAP is superior over SRCA. Furthermore, the convenience, permanence, and ready availability of PAP will enhance the utility of this test in a conventional histopathologic laboratory with a high rate of accuracy and reproducibility.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Avidin-biotin technique is more sensitive than lectin assay for detecting the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen) in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Avidin biotin technique and lectin assay has been compared in a double-blind study for detection of the T-antigen in transitional carcinoma of the bladder. Utilizing the tumor registry from the U.S. Naval Hospital in Bethesda, Maryland, patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were identified. Thirty-three patients were selected with a total of 43 specimens. Tissues from 26 patients with a total of 43 specimens that showed no lesions and had no known history of genitourinary diseases were used as controls. These tissues were studied for the presence of T-antigen utilizing avidin biotin or lectin techniques. T-antigen was detected in 60% of the specimens with lectin technique, while 95% was detected with avidin biotin methods. The T-antigen was not detected by either method even after the treatment with neuraminidase in six patients. These patients had high grade and high stage tumors. This study demonstrated that normal urothelium has concealed T-antigen that can be exposed by treating the tissue with neuraminidase. However, the T-antigen is unconcealed in low grade tumor but disappears in high grade invasive tumor. Avidin biotin technique appears to be a more sensitive method for detecting the presence or absence of the T-antigen.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1984

Double blind comparison of T-antigen and ABO(H) cell surface antigens in bladder cancer.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is a major cause of cancer deaths. Recently, much attention has been focused on ABO(H) antigen deletion in terms of prediction of prognosis. Furthermore, several studies have shown a correlation between T-antigen (a precursor of blood MN glycoprotein) expression in carcinomas of the breast, colon, and stomach. We have studied 56 specimens from 41 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder for T-antigen expression and ABO(H) antigen deletion. Results were analyzed with respect to tumor grade, tumor stage, and clinical course. The data indicate that T-antigen expression was not completely useful prognostically; it did not correlate with grade, stage, or clinical course. ABO(H) antigen expression or deletion was found to be a better predictor of tumor behavior than tumor grade, despite a false negative rate of 20 to 30 per cent in blood group O patients. We suggest that use of immunoperoxidase techniques will increase the sensitivity in group O patients, thus making ABO(H) deletion a useful predictive parameter of tumor aggressiveness. This is currently being evaluated in our patients.

ABO Blood-Group System↗