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Biomedical subjects

N Ikeda

Publications and source records attributed to N Ikeda.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Expression of antitumor response. Role of attachment and viability of bacillus Calmette-Guérin to bladder cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Antitumor effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) against superficial urinary bladder cancer is known to be strong when BCG is directly infused into the bladder cavity. For expression of that effect, attachment of BCG to tumor cells is reported to be essential as the first step. Our study was conducted to elucidate the significance of attachment of BCG to tumor cells in inducing the antitumor effect. METHODS: BCG, Tokyo 172 strain, in the form of live bacilli, lyophilized bacilli, or autoclaved bacilli was co-cultured with MBT-2, mouse-origin transitional cell cancer cells. Various preparations of BCG were mixed with MBT-2 cells and transplanted to male C3H/He mice to see tumor growth-inhibiting effect. RESULTS: Both live and lyophilized BCG attached strongly to MBT-2 cells. The maximal attachment to the cells with live BCG occurred 24 hours earlier than with lyophilized BCG. When BCG was autoclaved, it lost the ability to attach to the cells. Lyophilized or autoclaved BCG exerted a marked tumor growth-inhibiting effects. This effect was equal to the Tokyo 172 strain and the Armand Frappier Canada strain. Histologically, a high degree of infiltration by macrophages was seen. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that coexistence of BCG, even as killed by autoclaving, with tumor cells activates local immunity. Accordingly, the significance of the attachment of BCG to tumor cells in intravesical infusion therapy is surmised to lie in the fact that it results in retention of the BCG at the reaction site. This may provide a clue on how to approach future development of safer and more stable BCG-derived antitumor drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An accelerative enumeration algorithm for the bottle combination problem and the menu planning problem.

In the clinical practice, there are a number of instances in which the request tailored to each patient must be satisfied with a combination of ready-made medical supplies. For example, in intravenous infusion and feeding, an appropriate combination of commercially available bottles must be chosen such that fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional requirements can be satisfied for the individual patient. Menu planning also has the same feature. However, the problem of the optimal combination of medical supplies is difficult to solve exactly and quickly even with the aid of the computer, because of the combinatorial nature of this problem. We formulate the combinatorial problem of medical supplies as a nonlinear all-integer programming problem and present a fast exact algorithm to solve the problem. The proposed algorithm is proved to find an optimal combination in an acceptable calculation time for medical problems of the usual size.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

Gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with Behçet's disease.

The first case of primary gastric lymphoma associated with Behçet's disease is reported. A 43-year-old woman, who had been treated for Behçet's disease for 15 years, was diagnosed as low-grade and small lymphocytic malignant lymphoma of the stomach. Although the patient had been treated for Behçet's disease, chemotherapy was performed and a complete remission of gastric lymphoma was achieved. The literature regarding the association of malignant diseases with Behçet's disease is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Quantitative cytochemical analysis of T1 breast cancer].

The authors attempted to estimate the relationship between three biological parameters (nuclear DNA content, PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)/cyclin, HER-2/neu oncoprotein) and lymph node metastasis. We evaluated 37 breast cancers which were less than 2 cm in maximum dimension. Quantitative analysis was performed using a CAS 200 Image Analysis System, after Feulgen staining and immunochemical staining using anti-PCNA/cyclin monoclonal antibody and anti-HER-2/neu oncoprotein polyclonal antibody. In lymph node-negative cases 20.0% were aneuploid, while in lymph node-positive cases 58.8% were aneuploid. A total of 20.0% lymph node-negative cases were in the high proliferation group, as opposed to 52.9% of lymph node-positive cases. This analysis revealed a significant relationship between cell proliferation and lymph node metastasis. Analysis of the expression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein revealed no significant relationship between overexpression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein and lymph node metastasis, but the expression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein was significantly related to a shorter relapse-free survival.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[An autopsy case of traumatic middle cerebral artery occlusion].

An autopsy case of middle cerebral artery occlusion following closed head injury is reported. A 16-year-old laborer received head injuries in a motorcycle-automobile accident. On first examination at the time of admission, semi-coma, left-sided hemiplegia and other focal cerebral signs were evident. Roentgenographic examination revealed fractures of the skull. A CT scan of the head 24 h after injury revealed a massive right-sided cerebral infarct with midline shift. On the 4th day, angiography showed tapering occlusion of the right internal carotid artery at the top of the 3rd cervical vertebra. The patient died from the cerebral infarct 7 days after injury. At autopsy, thrombotic obstruction at the origin of the right middle cerebral artery due to a dissecting aneurysm was found.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment and prognosis of diplopia].

The case notes of 341 patients who had consulted the Ocular Motility Clinic of Hyogo College of Medicine between 1986 to 1992 with a chief complaint of diplopia were studied. The recovery rates of diplopia from major causes were as follows: 72% of patients recovered from diplopia in oculomotor nerve palsy, 70% in trochlear nerve palsy and 71% in abducens nerve palsy. Various treatments were effective to eliminate the diplopia in 69% of patients with myasthenia gravis, 60% in Graves' ophthalmopathy, 78% in blowout fractures and orbital tumors. Pharmaceutical therapy was applied in 236 cases. In ocular motor nerve palsy oral prednisone gave a higher recovery rate than other medicines. The recovery rate of diplopia in medicinal therapy was 60% and it increased to 69% when combined with surgical treatment. We concluded that it is better to select the surgical treatment if the patient complains of diplopia after more than 6 months of conservative therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A case of advance colon cancer responding to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil therapy].

A 60-year-old female was diagnosed by X-ray examination and endoscopy as ascending colon cancer. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed two metastatic tumors in the liver. Abdominal surgery revealed peritoneal disseminations, massive lymph node metastasis and direct invasion of the transverse colon and ileum. From pathological examination the diagnosis was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. After right hemi-colectomy, sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil therapy as well as oral administration of UFT, liver metastasis disappeared and no sign of ascites was found in this case. Complete response time was over 8 months. There have been no severe complications.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence of gallstone disease in relation to smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and glucose tolerance: a study of self-defense officials in Japan.

Risk factors of gallstone disease were investigated in male self-defense officials who received, between October 1986 and December 1990, a retirement health examination at the Self-Defense Forces Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. Gallbladder ultrasonography, successfully performed with 2,739 of 2,756 men, found 61 men with gallstones and 38 men with previous removal of the gallbladder; the overall prevalence of gallstone disease was 3.6%. Multiple logistic regression analysis assessed the risk of gallstone disease in relation to smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, glucose tolerance, and rank. Alcohol use was associated with a decreased risk, and body mass index was positively related to gallstone disease. Men with impaired glucose tolerance had a slightly elevated risk, whereas diabetes mellitus was not associated with gallstone disease. Analysis for prevalent gallstones and the postcholecystectomy state showed an inverse association of alcohol use with the latter; a positive association with impaired glucose tolerance was also confined primarily to the latter condition. These findings provide little support for a protective effect of alcohol use in the formation of gallstones. It was inconclusive whether impaired glucose tolerance was associated selectively with postcholecystectomy.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1992

Comparative studies on the extractability of collagen from aortas of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.

The molecular states of collagen in the aortas of age-matched stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were studied by analyzing its extractability under defined conditions. The monomeric and oligomeric collagen extractable with 0.5 M acetic acid/6 M urea from aortic homogenates of 9-month-old SHRSP and WKY comprised approx. 0.6 and 2.0%, respectively, of the total collagen. On incubation of the acetic acid/urea-extracted residues with pepsin at 4 degrees C, the levels of the collagen alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chains solubilized from the SHRSP residues were both less than 50% of those from the WKY residues. When the residues were incubated with pepsin at 15 or 25 degrees C, the differences became smaller. When the acetic acid/urea residues were hydrolyzed with cyanogen bromide, nearly identical peptide maps were obtained for SHRSP and WKY. The aortas from 2-month-old SHRSP and WKY contained much larger proportions of acid/urea-extractable collagen than those of the older rats (8.2 and 13% of the respective total collagen). The levels of the alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chains solubilizable from the respective residues by pepsin at 4 degrees C were similar to each other. These results indicate that aortic collagen fibrils in SHRSP are stiffened more prominently than those in WKY.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Morphological differences between hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinomalike lesions.

In an attempt to provide a quantitative basis for differentiation between well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinomalike lesions (focal nodular hyperplasia, regenerative nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma), histopathological and morphometrical analyses were performed on 208 cases of various liver diseases with the aid of an image analyzer. As practical indicators for hepatocellular carcinoma, the following six morphometrical features were established: (a) nuclear shape factor of less than 0.93, (b) coefficient of variance of nuclei of more than 5%, (c) average width of trabecular cords greater than three cells, (d) nucleocytoplasmic ratio increased to more than 0.3, (e) cellular density of more than 40 liver cells and (f) individual nuclear dimension larger than 50 microns2. The manifest categories increased with dedifferentiation of cells in hepatocellular carcinoma; the number and degree of cellular and structural atypia became more prominent. Data were analyzed statistically by two multivariate analyses. Logistic analysis was able to correctly separate hepatocellular carcinoma from conditions that were not hepatocellular carcinoma, including hepatocellular carcinomalike lesions. The incidence of 13 descriptive histopathological findings such as fibrous capsule, portal triads and clear-cell clusters were also compared in hepatocellular carcinomalike lesions and hepatocellular carcinomas graded according to Edmondson's classification. Presence of a fibrous capsule, portal triads, mosaiclike patterns and tumor vessels showed statistical differences between hepatocellular carcinomalike lesions and well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma by the chi 2 test (p less than 0.005).

Autopsy↗
PubMed1992

The course of respiration and circulation in death due to typical hanging.

Experiments were carried out on 15 dogs to investigate the course of respiration and circulation during the agonal period of death due to typical hanging. Animals were asphyxiated by a method simulating typical hanging. Electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure (BP) in the femoral artery and intrathoracic pressure (ITP) were registered. In typical hanging, the course of respiration was characterized by shorter stages of dyspnoea and initial apnoea and a longer stage of the terminal respiration when compared with obstructive asphyxia. However, the whole time of the course of respiration and circulation in typical hanging was almost the same as that in obstructive asphyxia. The BP increased rapidly, was maintained during the dyspnoea stage, and then decreased gradually. EEG disappeared with, or a short time after, the end of the dyspnoea stage. The increased heart rate in the dyspnoea stage remained until circulatory collapse. The analysis of the ECG complexes revealed that the heart muscle adapted to oxygen deficiency during typical hanging.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1992

Obliteration of portal systemic shunts as therapy for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.

The effects of obliteration of portal systemic shunts (PSS) in 5 patients with non-cirrhotic hepatic encephalopathy is reported. All patients had a history of disturbance of consciousness for several years, and examinations revealed large PSS, most of which connecting the left gastric vein to the left renal vein. After the obliteration of PSS, portal vein pressure elevated, the shunt ratio of the portal blood flow decreased, the indocyanine green disappearance rate increased, and serum albumin increased. Blood ammonia (NH3) decreased significantly accompanied by disappearance of hepatic encephalopathy. This treatment may open a way to improve the quality of life in patients with large PSS without severe hepatic injury.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of five computer programs in the diagnosis of second-degree AV block.

Five electrocardiogram (ECG) analyzing systems were tested with a microcomputer-based ECG signal generator to assess the accuracy of the systems in interpreting Wenckebach periodicity. Although normal sinus rhythm with normal PR intervals and sinus rhythms with first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block were diagnosed by all five systems, second-degree AV block with classic Wenckebach periodicity was routinely misdiagnosed by four of the five systems. No system recognized the atypical Wenckebach periods in a total of 200 trials, misinterpreting the phenomenon as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular rhythm, sinoatrial block, and other rhythm disturbances. In advanced AV block and a variety of ventricular arrhythmias, none of the five systems diagnosed second-degree AV block with Wenckebach periods. Marked unsatisfactory performance with regard to the diagnosis of Wenckebach periodicity indicates the urgent need for accelerated and comprehensive testing of ECG diagnostic equipment. The present generating device was seen as an effective troubleshooter in optimizing the diagnostic competency of computerized ECG systems.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1992

Green tea consumption and serum lipid profiles: a cross-sectional study in northern Kyushu, Japan.

METHODS. The relation between green tea consumption and serum lipid concentrations was examined using cross-sectional data on 1,306 males who received the retirement health examination at the Self-Defense Forces Fukuoka Hospital between October 1986 and December 1988. RESULTS. After adjustment for rank, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and body mass index, serum total cholesterol levels were found to be inversely related to the consumption of green tea while no association was noted with serum triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Adjusted mean concentrations of total cholesterol were 8 mg/dl lower in men drinking nine cups or more per day than in those consuming zero to two cups per day. Serum cholesterol levels were inversely associated with traditional Japanese dietary habits (intake of rice and soy bean paste soup) and positively associated with Westernized habits. Additional adjustment for these dietary variables did not alter the inverse relation between green tea and total cholesterol.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1992

Sudden infant death syndrome and hypertrophy of the palatine tonsil: reports on two cases.

Two cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) with hypertrophy of the palatine tonsil were reported. The pathogenesis of the SIDS has been clarified (Guilleminault et al., Pediatrics, 68 (1981) 354-360). According to this theory, it is due to a central impairment of the breathing control during sleep, which is particularly pronounced in predisposed subjects. The present cases suggest that the hypertrophied palatine tonsil might contribute as a predisposing factor to the emergence of a SIDS by mechanical impediment to breathing by narrowing of the upper airway.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1992

Homicidal manual strangulation and multiple stun-gun injuries.

Stun guns are electric shock devices that are used by a number of law enforcement agencies to subdue violent offenders, but sometimes are discharged into human bodies as offensive weapons. We autopsied a 22-year-old woman who was strangled and had many stun-gun injuries on her head, chest, abdomen, arms, and legs. The stun-gun injuries consisted of many pairs of round erythemas with or without central paleness, some of which were accompanied by circumferential abrasions. To determine whether the electric shocks were administered before or after her death, we studied stun-gun injuries on pigs before and after death and found that the shocks after death did not mark the animal skin. Based on this experiment, all of the stun-gun injuries on the victim's body were concluded to have been inflicted before her death.

Adult↗