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Biomedical subjects

N I Iakovleva

Publications and source records attributed to N I Iakovleva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Pregnancy and labor in women in the region of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

The authors analyze the tentative results of a multiprofile study, including a review of labor histories, examinations of pregnant women and parturients, measurements of fetoplacental hormones, study of the immunity status and microbiocenosis of the mothers and newborns, living in the first (up to 15 Ci/km2) and second (15 to 40 Ci/km2) zones of radioactive contamination. The detected shifts of a compensatory nature were found mostly in women living in the first zone. The disorders found in the women living in the second zone evidenced a decrease of the defense potential of the body, this necessitating nonspecific and correcting therapy during pregnancy, in labor and the postpartum period.

Accidents↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of leukinferon on the phagocytic function of puerperal blood].

Leukinferon effects on the phagocytic activities of the monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes of 12 pregnant women and puerperants with various chronic infectious diseases were studied in vitro. Blood samples of 5 female donors were examined for control. It was found possible to stimulate and correct phagocytic function by leukinferon, proceeding from the initial function of the blood cells and the presence of serum factors. The immunocorrecting properties of leukinferon were found particularly valuable in cases with immunodeficiencies, for infectious diseases and labor complications could thus be prevented in this high-risk group of puerperants.

Cytokines↗
PubMed1991

[Immunity indices in the diagnosis of pretoxicosis in women with an increased risk for the development of late toxicosis].

Levels of R proteins, immunoglobulins A, M, and G, natural anti-sheep erythrocyte antibodies, active oxygen (superoxide) were measured in the neutrophilic leukocytes in pregnant females at a risk for late gestosis. The examinees were found to have high levels of R proteins, IgA, IgM, natural anti-sheep erythrocyte antibodies, neutrophils capable to restore NST, and low levels of IgG. Teen-agers, old-year primiparas, pregnant females with a history of pyelonephritis, obesity, neuropathy in the prior labour, and hypertensive vegetovascular dystonia constituted a gestosis-risk group. The R-protein test should be considered to be the most informative indicator of a gestosis risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Microvesicles in the developing synapses].

The sensomotor cortex and nucleus caudatus of the embryonal (14-22 days) and newborn rats have been investigated by electron microscopic method. There were described two groups of microvesicles (10-20 nm in diameter) with smooth and rough external surface. They differ from other vesicular components of the developing synapses (such as synaptic vesicles, vesicles of growing conus and other) by the minimal size, structure and localization. Microvesicles with the rough external surface are found only at that moment when the membranous specialization of the further synapse from desmosomes begins to form. They are found along the membranes of active contact zone and are correlated with the degree of differentiation of these membranes. Microvesicles with the smooth external surface are found during the all period of synaptogenesis. They are found either in presynaptic terminal freely or they are attached to presynaptic membrane where they form cluster of microvesicles and they can be found on the surface of synaptical vesicles too. In this article the functional role and genesis of microvesicles are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Prognostic factors in rectal cancer].

Morphologic type of growth of rectal adenocarcinoma was studied in 292 radically operated cases. Diffuse pattern of growth was established in 86.7% of patients. Mean five-year survival rate was 49.1 +/- 3.9%. Five-year survival rate was 88.2 +/- 9.1% in cases of tumor invading less than one-third of circumference of the intestinal wall, 45.1 +/- 4.0% in those with invasion of the total wall circumference, 83.3 +/- 6.1%--infiltration of all mucosa and submucosa, 39.4 +/- 4.8%--invasion of the entire wall thickness, 31.5 +/- 6.3%--in patients with histologically proven regional metastases, 58.1 +/- 4.8%--in metastasis-free cases, 70.9 +/- 8.1%--in patients with intermediate type of tumor growth with tissue stratification predominating and 43.8 +/- 4.4%--in those with diffusely growing tumors. In a correlation analysis, regional metastases (correlation coefficient K = 0.25), depth of invasion of the intestinal wall (K = 0.24), morphologic pattern of growth (K = 0.22) and length of the intestinal wall invaded (K = 0.20) were shown to influence prognosis most apparently (P < 0.01). Morphologic pattern of growth should, therefore, be considered a prognostic factor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Neurofibrillary changes in the nerve tissue of humans and animals].

Electron microscopy was employed to study neurofibrillary++ alterations in some parts of the brain of man aged 73 and 83 years (physiological ageing) and 36 to 80 years (vascular pathology) as well as in the spinal ganglion of dogs at different times after ischemia. Neurofibrillary++ alterations consisting in hyperplasia of microfilaments and formation of fibrillar bundles were recorded in both cases in nerve and glial cells and in their processes whereas in the human brain, they could be also detected in the intercellular space. Experimentally, filamentous hyperplasia in neurons was the most prevalent form whose intensity was related to the time elapsed after ischemia, attaining maximum in neurons with destructive processes. In human brain, filamentous alterations were not a permanent characteristic of neurons even on ageing. The greatest pleomorphism of fibrillar alterations could be observed in the soma of glial cells, in the processes of neurons and glia. Special emphasis should be laid on fibrillar bundles demonstrable in the intercellular space of human brain. Ultrastructure of the bundles was noted to be pleomorphic, which may be determined by their inconclusive genesis. It should be noted that fibrillar alterations in human brain are variable not only from case to case but also within the range of the same age. However, they are most remarkable in elderly and senile persons.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Immunologic reactivity of the body in pregnant greenhouse workers].

The proposed research data proved that female green-house workers were exposed to hazardous occupational factors, which resulted in neuroendocrine disorders, manifesting themselves at early pregnancy, at the stage of gestational dominant formation. Elimination of the contact with the hazardous labour conditions, with concomitant pathogenetic treatment, contributed to the restoration of the normal immune status.

Dysgammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1990

[The epithelial junctional zones of the anal canal and cervix uterus: the ultrastructure of tumors of these zones].

Relationships between squamous and columnar epithelia in the anal canal and cervix uteri of postnatal period and fetus were studied. The transitional stratified epithelial lining, which is called junctional epithelium, is interposed between the mentioned epithelia. The junctional epithelium has variable numbers of layers of epidermoid cells, which differ from cells of atypical squamous epithelium by some ultrastructural features of the cytoskeleton and cell surface and by a low content of glycogen. The hypothesis on the physiological significance of this epithelium is proposed. Ultrastructural features of the cytoskeleton and cell surface suggest that anal basaloid carcinomas and some cervical squamous carcinomas may develop from so-called junctional epithelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the immunological status of female animal breeders].

Sanitary, hygienic, clinicostatistical and immunologic study of 680 female workers engaged in animal husbandry was carried out. For the assessment of their immunologic status the study was designed to analyze the content of circulating immune complexes, hemolytic activity of the complement system and its components, basic immunoglobulin classes (A, M, G, E) and R-proteins. It was demonstrated that female cattle breeders had higher rate of communicable diseases developing into chronic forms and periodically characterized by acute conditions. The female workers engaged in animal husbandry for a long period of time had a disbalance of the above indicators and significant body allergization.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the immune status of female cattle breeders with chlamydia infections].

Chlamydia urogenital infections cause significant changes in the immune status which can be regarded as immunopathologic disorders. Taking into account the wide prevalence of infections of this kind, particularly among female agriculture workers, as well as their pathogenicity and health-related consequences, Chlamydia Trachomatis cases must be properly revealed in women affected with inflammatory diseases of genitalia with subsequent etiotropic treatment.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Immunologic status of women cattle breeders during pregnancy].

The study was designed to analyze the content of CIC of the main classes of immunoglobulins (A, M, G, E), R-proteins and hemolytic activity of the complement system and its components (C3, C4, C1) in 1980 pregnant women engaged in agricultural activity. Imbalance of the body protective indicators was detected in the pregnant women engaged in animal husbandry. An infectious process aggravated the above changes. Decrease of body protective characteristics elevated the risk of acute conditions of the chronic infectious process and the emergence of postnatal infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of vascular factors and aging on the ultrastructure of neurons of the human cerebral cortex].

Neuronal ultrastructure of the frontal and temporal cerebral cortex has been studied in persons 36-, 39-, 50-, 70-year-old, died from the ischemic heart disease and 73-, 83-year-old, whose deaths are not connected with vascular pathology. The neurons can be divided into several groups, depending on osmiophilic degree of their nucleus and cytoplasm: I--electron-light, II--electron-opaque, III--with dark nucleus and light cytoplasm and IV--with light nucleus and dark cytoplasm. The protein-synthesizing apparatus (PSA) is subjected to the earliest and most essential disorders. Its changes in the I group of neurons at the age of 36-50 years are mainly of compensatory-adaptive character, while at the age of 73 and 83 years the dystrophic changes of the PSA result in hollowness of the cell, that evidently makes the base of the cell ageing mechanism. Presence of electron opaque neurons is not a sign of ageing, and depends on various pathology, in the given case on the ischemic heart disease, that causes certain vascular disorders in the brain. Variability of the ultrastructures of the electron opaque neurons and essential changes of some part of them, observed in the brain of the 72-year-old man confirm that the vascular factor is an important one in pathology of neurons. Dependence of lipofuscin appearance in neurons on the manifestation degree of the pathological process and ageing in them is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A method for obtaining histological sections from tissue previously studied by scanning electron microscopy].

An accelerated method of paraffin embedding of tissue specimens previously examined with scanning electron microscopy is proposed aimed to obtain sections for routine histological examination. The tissue is passed through acetone, absolute alcohol, alcoholic-oil celloidin solution, chloroform to be eventually mounted into paraffin. The method allows obtaining good quality sections within 24 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Ultrastructural characteristics of tubular and tubulovillous adenomas of the large intestine].

Electron microscopic study of adenomas showed absorptive cells (with or without a brush-board), goblet cells, and, less frequently, endocrine cells, and thus organ- and tissue-specific features of normal tissue. There was no relationship between the occurrence of the above cells and the degree of cell dysplasia. However, adenomas showed undifferentiated and moderately-differentiated enterocytes, their level depending on the degree of cell dysplasia. Pronounced dysplasia was often associated with a high level of undifferentiated cells.

Adenoma↗