An intercollegiate initiative.
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Education, Dental, Graduate↗
Biomedical subjects
N H Wilson
Publications and source records attributed to N H Wilson.
Conservative dentistry and specialisation.
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Dentistry↗
Five-year performance of high-copper content amalgam restorations in a multiclinical trial of a posterior composite.
PURPOSE: This paper reports the 5-year performance of the restorations of the high-copper content dental amalgam alloys included in the worldwide programme of clinical trials of Occlusin, including unique data on wear. METHODS: The methods employed are common to those previously reported for the multiclinical evaluation of Occlusin. Analysis of the data is limited to simple statistical procedures. RESULTS: The findings lend support to existing knowledge concerning the favourable performance of restorations of high-copper content dental amalgam alloys, notably in relation to restorations in moderate- to large-sized Class II preparations in permanent molar teeth. Analysis of the data sheds new light on the influences of variables, including type of tooth restored, size and class of restoration and the presence or absence of occlusal contact(s) on performance. CONCLUSION: Conclusions are drawn regarding ways in which protocols for future evaluations of the type reported should be expanded, and, together with suggestions for further work, it is concluded that this paper is a timely reminder of the value of existing dental amalgam alloys.
Adolescent↗
The application of ESEM in dental materials research.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) to investigate acid etching of enamel and to comment on future applications of ESEM in dental materials research. METHODS: The acid etching of axially fractured specimens of human enamel by a 35% (ortho) phosphoric acid etchant was observed using ESEM. RESULTS: Most of the etching action, as evidence by gaseous bubbling in the etchant film, was observed to occur within 10 s of applying the etchant. High magnification examination of the etched areas revealed distinct etching patterns. CONCLUSION: ESEM may play an important role in developing the understanding and existing knowledge pertaining to dynamic chemical and physical interactions between components of restorative systems and tooth tissue substrates.
Acid Etching, Dental↗
A 3-year clinical evaluation of a porcelain inlay system.
OBJECTIVES: The porcelain inlay technique was described over a century ago, and, although not yet used as a routine restorative procedure, may prove to provide restorations of unsurpassed functional and aesthetic qualities in certain situations. The aim of this study was to investigate the handling properties and clinical characteristics of a porcelain inlay system, to highlight any advantages and disadvantages of the restorations under investigation, and to indicate further studies as considered appropriate. METHODS: Fifty moderate to large-sized Class 1 and Class II restorations of a porcelain inlay system were investigated in premolar and permanent molar teeth of 27 adult patients over a 3-year period using modified United States Public Health codes and criteria. Selected restorations were evaluated indirectly by scanning electron microscopic analysis. RESULTS: There was a high early rate of bulk fracture. By 6 months post-placement there had been a limited deterioration in marginal integrity associated with 20% of the remaining restorations, but this trend was not seen to continue. Patient acceptance was very favourable. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the system under investigation afforded a technique-sensitive method of producing tooth-coloured restorations. Proposals for further work include investigations of the fitting accuracy of indirect tooth-coloured restorations, cavity design modifications and the use of alternative bases and luting agents.
Adolescent↗
Surface texture changes of a composite brushed with "tooth whitening" dentifrices.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the significance of selected surface texture parameters used to describe and quantify the effect of tooth brushing with various "tooth whitening" dentifrices on a resin composite surface in vitro. METHODS: Specimens of a microfil resin composite were brushed with selected dentifrices. Surface texture profiles were acquired and analyzed both pre- and post-brushing using a contact diamond stylus. The selected parameters chosen to describe the surface texture were Ra, Rz, Rpm and the Rpm:Rz ratio. Differences between toothpastes were assessed using an ANOVA and a multiple comparisons test, the Student Newman-Keuls procedure. P and t values were calculated to determine if any of the surface roughness parameters were significantly changed by brushing. RESULTS: The results indicate that there were significant changes in the surface texture of the resin composite following tooth brushing with the selected dentifrices. For example, the use of Clinomyn significantly increased the surface roughness of the resin composite, as measured by the Rz parameter, from 2.19 +/- 1.67 microns to 10.02 +/- 2.57 microns (p < 0.05). In addition, the surface texture parameters chosen to describe the properties of the surface should reflect a knowledge of profile shape such as Rpm:Rz ratio, and care should be taken if measurements of surface texture of dental restorative materials are to be used as predictors of clinical performance. SIGNIFICANCE: All the toothpastes chosen for this investigation left a surface on the resin composite which may be prone to crack propagation during "vertical barrelling" movements generated during mastication. However, this may be more of a function of the rigidity of the restorative material rather than the surface left after tooth brushing.
Analysis of Variance↗
The use of a radiopaque contrast medium in endodontic radiography.
A series of in vitro studies were carried out to investigate the use and application of a radiopaque contrast medium in conventional periapical dental radiography for the diagnosis and evaluation of root canal systems. The water-soluble radiopaque contrast medium was introduced into the root canals of 30 first permanent maxillary and 30 first permanent mandibular molar teeth. The radiographic images of these teeth with and without radiopaque contrast medium in the root canal systems were compared and contrasted. Further comparisons were made with the same teeth rendered transparent. The results indicate that by standardizing the diagnostic criteria the inter-examiner reliability was in good agreement; it was independent of the radiographic technique used. The validity of the radiographs was enhanced by the use of the radiopaque contrast medium. The results confirm that, with the use of a radiopaque contrast medium, images of root canal systems are easier to read and interpret than plain radiographic images of root canal systems. The use of radiopaque contrast medium in endodontic radiography may be a valuable aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of root canal systems. This system would complement rather than replace plain radiography.
Contrast Media↗
Shortened dental arch therapy: views of consultants in restorative dentistry in the United Kingdom.
This paper reports the results of a study on the attitudes of the consultants in restorative dentistry (CRD) in the UK towards shortened dental arch therapy (SDAT). Data were collected by means of questionnaire, with a response of 67% achieved. The results indicate that 95% (n = 87) of the 91 participants in the study were of the opinion that SDA has a place in contemporary clinical practice. Eighty (88%) of the participants reported having prescribed SDA therapy during the last 5 years, the number of these patients requiring > 5 units of crown and bridgework being typically less than 25%. Forty-one (45%) of the participants reported patients being considered for SDAT expressing reservations about the outcome of their treatment, although around 75 (82%) of the participants indicated that SDAT was satisfactory in terms of oral function, comfort and well being. Experience of having to extend shortened dental arches following SDAT was limited to 34 (37%) of the participants. It is concluded that SDA is widely accepted but not widely practiced by CRDs in the UK and that, in patients satisfying existing criteria, the outcome of SDAT may be found to be acceptable in approximately 82% of cases.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Quality in restorative dentistry: a report of an advanced postgraduate dental symposium.
A joint Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh--Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow Advanced Postgraduate Dental Symposium addressed the issue of quality in restorative dentistry. The overall view was that quality in clinical care, including all aspects of restorative dentistry, is the consistent achievement of successful outcome. Ongoing developments and effective audit processes were recognized to provide important opportunities for continuous quality improvement in restorative dentistry.
Aged↗
All-ceramic restorations: teaching in UK and Irish dental schools.
The teaching of all-ceramic restorations has been surveyed in the UK and Irish dental schools. Based on a 93% response, the findings indicate that the majority of undergraduate (pre-doctoral) students in UK and Irish dental schools gain clinical experience of all-ceramic restorations as part of their core teaching. While the 14 responding schools provide clinical instruction in all-ceramic crowns and veneers, only 12 schools were found to include instruction in all-ceramic inlays and onlays. A wide range of ceramic systems are taught and there is general conformity in respect of the associated teaching in relation to liners and bases, the selection of impression materials and the use of luting systems, except in conjunction with all-ceramic crowns. The principal contraindications to all-ceramic restorations in undergraduate teaching were found to be poor oral hygiene and parafunctional activity (bruxing/clenching).
Crowns↗
The pattern of usage of dentine pins.
A survey of 1394 dentine pin placements, completed by 37 selected practitioners over a period of three months provides information relevant to the teaching of pin techniques and to future research on alternatives to the use of dentine pins in the restoration of severely compromised teeth. In this survey, most direct pin-retained restorations were found to be placed in the mandibular permanent molar teeth of patients 20-39 years of age. Such restorations were frequently found to include only one pin, which in about 50% of cases was bent or shortened. Overall, difficulties with pins occurred during one in twenty pin placements. The long-term consequences of the use of pins remains to be investigated.
Adult↗
The role of specialist associations and societies in clinical dentistry.
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Societies, Dental↗
The role of the shortened dental arch concept in the management of reduced dentitions.
Current research indicates that a more biological approach to dental care is required to cope with current trends in adult health and to make more efficient use of ever dwindling public financial resources. This paper describes the role of the shortened dental arch concept (SDA) in the management of reduced dentitions, including criteria for its application, possible indications and contraindications, and presents a review of research supporting SDA. In light of recent research, it is suggested that SDA will be of increasing importance as a treatment philosophy for the future elderly.
Aged↗
Decision making in restorative dentistry: intuition or knowledge based?
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Decision Making↗
Oral health index.
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Health Status Indicators↗
Factors associated with dentists' willingness to treat high-risk patients.
The attitude of dentists in England and Wales to treatment of patients at high risk to HIV/HBV was tested by means of a postal questionnaire distributed to 1950 dentists randomly selected from those practising within the NHS Regulations. The response rate was 61%, with 52% of respondents indicating that they treated patients at high risk to AIDS/HBV. Analysis of respondent dentists' practice and personal profile showed associations between willingness to treat high-risk category patients and respondents' number of years since graduation, respondents' gender, number of postgraduate courses attended, and respondents' practice type.
Adult↗
Aspects of the thromboxane receptor system.
1. The aim of this review is to establish what is known about the thromboxane (TP) receptor, and to identify where future research is headed. In addition, the impact of the recent advances at the molecular level on resolving pharmacological controversies, such as possible subtypes of the TP receptor, is discussed and what molecular information is known about the TP receptor presented. 2. The clinical status of TP receptor antagonists is considered particularly in relation to the potential role of epi prostaglandins. 3. Basic information about TP agonists, antagonists and signal transduction pathways is also given.
Animals↗