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Biomedical subjects

N Furuhashi

Publications and source records attributed to N Furuhashi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cytoplasmic estrogen receptors in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The concentration of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors (ER) in cancer of the uterine cervix was measured in 30 cases (28 squamous cell carcinomas and 2 adenocarcinomas). The mean ER concentration in squamous cell carcinoma was 19.3 +/- 26.0 fmol/mg cytosol protein; for pre- and postmenopausal women 6.82 +/- 9.86 and 28.6 +/- 30.1 fmol/mg protein, respectively, were found, the latter being significantly higher. When 'ER-positive' was defined as concentrations greater than 10 fmol/mg protein, 12 of the 28 cases (43%) were found to be ER-positive. There were no significant differences between the ER concentrations of clinical stage I and II squamous cell carcinomas (19.2 +/- 24.2 and 20.9 +/- 27.2 fmol/mg, respectively). ER were detectable in the cervical tissue from all of the control cases of myoma of the uterus. There were, however, no differences in the ER content between the proliferative and secretory phases, but the concentration in premenopausal women was significantly lower than that in postmenopausal women. In comparison with the controls, the mean ER level in both pre- and postmenopausal women with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower, due to the fact that ER were not detectable in 57% of these cases. Both cases of cervical adenocarcinoma were ER-positive.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Effects of caffeine ingestion during pregnancy.

We studied the effects of caffeine ingestion during pregnancy. A total number of 9,921 healthy pregnant women with a gestational age after 24 weeks were subjected to the study. The women who drank more than 5 cups of coffee per day had a high incidence of impending abortion, premature labor, and fetuses small for gestational age. The heavy coffee drinkers among the pregnant women had high rates of spontaneous abortion, chromosomal abnormality and congenital multi-anomalies. However, we would like to stress that the multiple socioeconomic variables might be more important than any direct effect of caffeine.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

[Changes in active and inactive renin throughout pregnancy].

There have been few reports about the changes in active and inactive renin throughout pregnancy. In this study, the changes in total and active renin concentrations during pregnancy were measured and their physiological roles are discussed. The present method employed radioimmunoassay of angiotensin I generated during incubation of plasma in an excess of sheep renin substrate. For determination of total renin concentration, inactive renin was activated by exposing plasma to trypsin. Concurrent with the progress of pregnancy, active renin increased gradually and reached its maximum during the third trimester, then fell sharply to first trimester levels by the fifth day of the puerperium. Total renin levels during pregnancy were about twice as high as puerperal levels. We found no difference in total renin levels between trimesters but a marked difference in individual women was observed. In the first trimester of pregnancy, inactive renin in plasma rapidly increased (to 4 times the average concentration in plasma of puerperal women), then declined slowly throughout pregnancy, and fell quickly after delivery. These results suggest that in pregnancy total renin levels are consistently elevated, 67% of which is inactive renin in the first trimester and active renin increases gradually with advancing gestation. After delivery, both active and inactive renin fall to normal levels within a few days.

Enzyme Precursors↗
PubMed1985

[Amniotic fluid 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3)].

RT3(3,3',5'-triiodothyronine) levels in amniotic fluid and T4(thyroxine), T3(triiodothyronine), rT3 and TSH(thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels in maternal and cord serum were determined simultaneously by RIA. We also determined the activities of the monodeiodination of thyroxine to rT3 in placentas. Amniotic fluid rT3 and cord serum rT3 levels decreased, but T4, T3 and TSH levels increased with advancing gestational age. The activities of the monodeiodination in placentas decreased rapidly from midgestation, preterm to term. In maternal hyperthyroidism, amniotic fluid rT3 levels were markedly elevated. Moreover, there were significant positive correlations between amniotic fluid rT3 and maternal serum rT3 (r = 0.756, p less than 0.001, n = 26) and T4(r = 0.509, p less than 0.01, n = 26) in the normal 3rd trimester. We found significant correlations between amniotic fluid rT3 and fetal thyroid function as well as the activity of the monodeiodination in placenta after 17 weeks' gestation. But we couldn't find any such correlations in the 3rd trimester. These data suggest that the amniotic fluid rT3 in the 3rd trimester was affected by maternal thyroid function as well as fetal thyroid function and the activity of the monodeiodination in placenta.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on the symptoms of EPH-gestosis patients one month after delivery].

We investigated 1805 puerperants, after the twenty-fourth-week of pregnancy, who delivered from January 1st, 1981 till December 31st, 1982 in our hospital. 271 pregnancies were diagnosed as EPH-gestosis according to the new diagnostic standard in Japan (prevalence 15%). The severer the type of EPH-gestosis that had been diagnosed during pregnancy, the more symptoms they showed and the more often complications were diagnosed one month after delivery. In mild type as well as in severe type EPH-gestosis patients, if they had more than one symptom one month after delivery, they were more frequently diagnosed as having complications in pregnancy. In addition, those who had one or more symptoms one month after delivery often had shown symptoms of EPH-gestosis earlier in pregnancy. There were no significant correlations between the symptoms one month after delivery and the age of the mother, or between these symptoms and the time of delivery. Furthermore there was no significant correlation between these symptoms and the frequency of neonatal asphyxia, or the frequency of intrauterine death. These data suggest that symptoms one month after delivery of EPH-gestosis have some relation to complications in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on the alteration of the unconjugated estriol level of the maternal vein after the onset of labor].

We measured maternal venous unconjugated estriol (UE3) levels in 244 cases (218 cases with labor and 26 without labor). We investigated the relationships between several obstetrical factors and UE3 levels. There was no significant difference between the group with labor and the group without labor. However, in multipara, the UE3 level fell gradually with prolonged duration of labor. There were significant positive correlations between the UE3 levels and birth weights (n = 82, r = 0.375, p less than 0.001), and placental weights (n = 82, r = 0.381, p less than 0.001) in multipara with labor. There was no significant difference according to sex between the UE3 levels of a mother carrying a male or female fetus. The UE3 levels of fetal distress cases (n = 30, mean +/- S.E. 20.0 +/- 8.6 ng/ml) were significantly (p less than 0.02) lower than those without fetal distress (n = 188, 24.5 +/- 9.7 ng/ml). These data suggest that after the onset of labor, maternal venous UE3 has some relationship to feto-placental function.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1984

Retrograde time-scale analysis of human placental lactogen, beta human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estriol levels in human maternal serum from the onset of spontaneous labor.

We analyzed on a retrograde time scale which calculated in maternal serum, from the onset of spontaneous labor, human placental lactogen (hPL), beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), unconjugated estriol (E3) levels, and the ratios among these hormones in the normal late pregnancy. Maternal serum hPL, beta-hCG, and unconjugated E3 levels were measured simultaneously and serially in regular menstrual sera from 27 women in late pregnancy (total 155 samples) by radioimmunoassay. The peak level of hPL was found at 2 weeks before labor, and the peak of beta-hCG was found during 2-4 weeks before the onset of spontaneous labor. On the other hand, the mean level of E3 rose slightly with advancing gestational age. The hormonal ratios of hPL to E3 and beta-hCG to E3 decreased gradually toward the onset of labor, but the ratios of hPL to beta-hCG did not change. From these data, it is possible to conclude that the onset of spontaneous labor can be predicted by measuring the levels of hPL and unconjugated E3 in maternal peripheral serum.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

Sex difference in the human peripheral plasma beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin levels.

Human plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH) were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoassay in 4 women with regular menstrual cycle (4 follicular phase and 4 luteal phase), 5 normal men and 10 term fetuses. Mean plasma beta-EP level in the total samples of 8 women was 30.7 +/- 5.8 pg/ml (+/- SE), significantly (p less than 0.03) higher than the beta-EP level in men (12.2 +/- 2.0 pg/ml). There was no significant sex difference in fetal plasma beta-EP level. These data suggest that the existence of sex differences for beta-EP secretion and release, and opioid peptides secretion and release mechanism might change with sexual maturation, due to changing sex steroids secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum cortisol levels of maternal vein, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein classified by mode of delivery.

We measured maternal venous (MV), umbilical arterial (UA), and umbilical venous (UV) cortisol levels of 180 pregnancies at term. The cortisol level of MV was higher than that of UA and UV in all deliveries. The cortisol levels of three samples had no difference between the induced labor group and the spontaneous onset of labor group regardless of delivery mode. In spontaneous vaginal delivery the cortisol levels of three individual samples were significantly higher in primipara than in multipara. The positive correlations were observed in any modes of deliveries between the cortisol levels of MV and UA, and MV and UA and UV. These data suggest that the fetus may produce cortisol by itself and maternal cortisol may inflow to the fetus.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1984

Changes in placental lactogen, beta 1-chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated and total estriol levels in the late course of normal human pregnancy.

The levels of human placental lactogen (hPL), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), unconjugated estriol (UE3) and total estriol (TE3) were measured radioimmunologically in women along their course of pregnancy. The serum hPL and beta-hCG levels were relatively constant in uncomplicated pregnancy, while UE3 and TE3 significantly rose towards 41 weeks of gestation. There were positive correlations between hPL and beta-hCG (n = 49, r = 0.737, p less than 0.001), and between UE3 and TE3 (n = 49, r = 0.904, p less than 0.0001). The ratios of placental hormones to estriol showed moderate declines towards 41 weeks of gestation. These data suggest that the fetal adrenal function increased toward the term, while the placental peptide hormones decrease or remain unchanged. Determination of serum unconjugated estriol was found to be convenient and useful for monitoring the fetoplacental function.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

The human fetal prolactin and estradiol levels, and their correlationship.

Serum prolactin and estradiol-17 beta levels were determined in umbilical cord sera obtained from 33 preterm, 118 full-term and 11 anencephalic infants and in peripheral sera obtained from 5 neonates. Prolactin levels increased from mid-gestation toward term, and markedly decreased after birth. Those in anencephalic infants (253 +/- 86 ng/ml, mean +/- S.D.) were lower than in full-term infants (324 +/- 119 ng/ml), but the difference was not statistically significant. We also performed thyroid-releasing-hormone (TRH) (50-200 micrograms) test on 5 anencephalic infants, but significant changes of serum prolactin levels were not found. Estradiol-17 beta levels in anencephalic infants were significantly lower than those in full-term infants. There was a significant positive correlation between cord prolactin and estradiol-17 beta levels in full-term infants. These results suggest one of the control factors for human fetal pituitary prolactin secretion is estrogen, and hypothalamic factors are not so important.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1984

Simultaneous and serial measurement of serum levels of human placental lactogen, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and unconjugated estriol levels in pregnant women.

Serum levels of human placental lactogen (hPL), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) and unconjugated estriol (E3) were measured simultaneously and serially in regular menstrual late pregnant women (155 samples) by radioimmunoassay. The peak of beta-hCG level was shown at 37 weeks' gestation. After that, there was a moderate decline of the beta-hCG level. Serum hPL showed the peak at 30 weeks' gestation. The level of unconjugated E3 rose toward 41 weeks' gestation. In the 155 samples, there were significant positive correlations among these hormone levels. Also, there were highly significant positive correlations between placental weight and these three hormone levels. Only unconjugated E3 level which was obtained within a week before the onset of labor had a significant positive correlation with birth weight. These data suggest that even in late pregnancy, maternal beta-hCG makes a peak and may change parallel with hPL and unconjugated E3. Only the unconjugated E3 level may be affected by fetal growth.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

Serum cortisol levels in maternal venous, umbilical arterial and umbilical venous blood at delivery in the cases of fetal distress.

We measured maternal venous (MV), umbilical arterial (UA) and umbilical venous (UV) cortisol levels in 180 term pregnancies to investigate the changes of these hormone levels in the cases of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia. The cortisol levels in UA and UV blood in the fetal distress group were significantly higher than those in the non-fetal distress group among spontaneous vaginal delivery cases. There were significant positive correlations among the cortisol levels in MV and UA, MV and UV, and UA and UV blood, respectively. These data suggest that in the case of fetal distress or neonatal asphyxia, mother and fetus have responded independently to the stress of delivery, and that maternal cortisol might not strongly affect the fetal cortisol secretion.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1984

[Changes of hemoglobin values in venous blood during pregnancy].

In order to establish new diagnostic criteria for anemia of pregnancy on the basis of physiologic changes in Hb values during pregnancy, 4,670 measured values of Hb in venous blood during pregnancy, which were obtained by the cyanmethemoglobin method from 1,000 pregnant women, were examined. The blood samples were collected at two-week intervals between the 4th and 39th weeks of pregnancy. The following results were obtained. Significant correlations between Hb values and serum iron values, total iron binding capacity values, transferrin values and serum total protein values were observed. The following diagnostic criteria for anemia of pregnancy were proposed: M. +/- S.D. of Hb as the lowest normal value and considering the actual rate of distribution, 11.5 g/dl of Hb at 6 +/- 1 weeks of pregnancy, 10.5 g/dl at the 16 +/- 1 weeks, 10.0 g/dl at 28 +/- 1 weeks, 10.0 g/dl at 32 +/- 1 weeks and 10.5 g/dl at 36 +/- 1 weeks (based on results obtained in the Yokosuka district). The lowest value for Hb and the maximum rate of decrease during pregnancy available for the diagnosis of anemia of the pregnancy are reported.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Serum prolactin levels following abortion in normal and molar pregnancy].

The changes in serum specific hCG and prolactin levels were studied in 20 women after the evacuation of normal pregnancy at 5-10 weeks (group A) and 10 patients after the evacuation of molar pregnancy of 9-16 weeks (group B). The elimination of circulating hCG was faster in group A than in group B, and that in women after term delivery(group C)was faster than in both groups A and B. The half-life of the serum hCG level was 44.4 hrs in group A, 42.7hrs in group B, and 38.9hrs in group C, respectively. The mean level of serum prolactin in group A was 27.4ng/ml at 0 day, 64.5ng/ml at 4-7 days, and 31.9ng/ml at 13-15 days after evacuation, respectively. The surge was statistically significant. Though no regular tendency was found in the prolactin levels in group B, the levels were relatively higher than in group A and nonpregnant women. No correlation was found between hCG and prolactin levels in either group A or group B. The administration of drugs, such as methotrexate, did not affect the prolactin levels. On BBT, the resumption of ovulation tended to occur when the prolactin level, rather than the hCG level, returned to its normal range.

Abortion, Induced↗