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Biomedical subjects

N Begg

Publications and source records attributed to N Begg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Tetanus: delay in diagnosis in England and Wales.

A 7 day delay occurred in the diagnosis of cephalic tetanus in a 69 year old woman who developed an ipsilateral facial palsy 5 days after a facial laceration. Cranial nerve palsies often precede trismus in this form of tetanus.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Pertussis immunisation in children with a family or personal history of convulsions: a review of children referred for specialist advice.

Recent guidelines recommend that children with a family or personal history of convulsions should receive all vaccinations. To determine vaccination status and adverse events following vaccination, questionnaires were sent to the general practitioners of 83 children referred for specialist advice between January 1988 and June 1991 in Redbridge Health Authority. Details of consultations within seven days of vaccination, and of any subsequent neurological or developmental problems were collected. Follow-up data were obtained for 77 of the 83 children (93%); 66 of whom had a family history, and 11 a personal history, of convulsions. Of the 66 children with a family history of convulsions, 57 received pertussis-containing vaccines, of whom one child was reviewed for a possible neurological event. Of the nine remaining children who received diphtheria-tetanus (DT) only vaccine, two children were reviewed for possible neurological events. Of the 11 children with a personal history of convulsions, nine received pertussis-containing vaccines and two received DT vaccines; none had any further neurological event. At late follow-up, none of the 77 children vaccinated had developed recurrent convulsions or any other neurological or developmental problems. Children with a family or personal history of convulsions who are given pertussis-containing vaccines seem unlikely to suffer adverse events or long-term neurological sequelae, and should be considered for all routine vaccinations in line with current recommendations.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Immunizations in children.

In 1992, there was a setback in measles vaccination for developing countries as high-titre vaccines were withdrawn following reports of excess mortality in vaccine recipients. The importance of continuing polio vaccination in industrialized countries was emphasized by an outbreak of paralytic polio among an unimmunized community in the Netherlands. Immunization programs are now increasingly using the Jeryl Lynn strain of mumps vaccine following reports of meningoencephalitis associated with the Urabe strain. A hepatitis A vaccine has become generally available and hepatitis B vaccine is being introduced into more childhood programs in countries where the disease is highly prevalent. Trials of group B meningococcal meningitis vaccines have yielded disappointing estimates of efficacy, particularly in younger children. Earlier reports of invasive bacterial infections after pertussis immunization have not been confirmed.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1992

Paralytic poliomyelitis in England and Wales, 1985-91.

OBJECTIVES: To ascertain all cases of paralytic poliomyelitis in England and Wales during 1985-91 and to determine the source of infection in each case. DESIGN: Descriptive study of cases reported between 1985 and 1991. SETTING: All health districts in England and Wales. SUBJECTS: Patients normally resident in England and Wales whose clinical features were consistent with paralytic poliomyelitis or with laboratory evidence of recent poliovirus infection and compatible symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory features in identified cases. RESULTS: Of 54 suspected cases of poliomyelitis, 33 were excluded, leaving 21 cases, of which 13 were vaccine associated (nine recipient and four contact) cases, five were imported cases, and three were cases whose source of infection was unknown. No cases due to indigenous wild polioviruses were identified; two were imported cases due to wild viruses. One patient died during the acute phase of the illness, and two children with previously unrecognised severe congenital immune deficiency died between one and two months after the onset of paralysis after the first or second dose of oral polio vaccine. The estimated risk of vaccine associated paralysis is 1.46 per million for the first dose, 0.49 for the second, zero for the third and fourth doses, and 0.33 for the fifth. CONCLUSIONS: Indigenous wild poliovirus seems to have been eradicated, although wild virus may be imported; improved surveillance of suspected cases including immediate notification and characterisation of the virus to ensure that eradication is maintained is essential.

Adolescent↗