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Biomedical subjects

Min Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Min Yang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Postpartum reclassification in women with gestational diabetes and analyzing the high risk factors associated with them].

OBJECTIVE: To follow up the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at 2 month after birth for reclassifying and analyzing the risk factors associated with the abnormal blood glucose level. METHODS: 294 cases of GDM underwent a 2 hours 75 g OGTT two months postpartum. According to the WHO diagnostic criteria, they were divided into three groups: (1) type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal. The related factors during pregnancy were analysed. RESULTS: 160 cases (54.4%) were normal, 75 cases (25.5%) and 59 cases (20.1%) were IGT and DM respectively. (2) In the DM group, the gestational age at diagnosis was much earlier than those of the other two groups (P < 0.01), the glucose level of 50 gram glucose challenge test (GCT) and fasting blood glucose values in OGTT and the value of HbAlc at diagnosis were evidently higher than the other two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01), the gestational age of use of insulin for treatment was earlier than normal group, the dosage used markedly greater than the other two groups, the fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial glucose were significantly higher than other two groups (P < 0.01) within 7 days after birth. Maternal age, body weight and family history did not show difference in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Among the GDM, about 1/4 were IGT and 1/5 were type 2 DM. The DM group showed early diagnosis, high fasting blood glucose, high frequency to use insulin during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Sesquiterpenes and other constituents from Cacalia deltophylla.

From the whole plant of Cacalia deltophylla (Maxim) Mattf, together with twelve known compounds (3-14), a new furanoeremophilane-type sesquiterpene named deltocacalone (1), and a new norsesquiterpene named deltonorcacalol (2) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques.

Asteraceae↗
PubMed2003

[Bulking controls induced by nitrogen insufficiency in yeast system].

The effect of nitrogen addition to salad oil manufacturing wastewater system was studied. The results of batch experiments demonstrated: 1. addition of nitrogen was helpful to improve oil removal, and the oil removal rate was above 90% when COD/N value was between 50/1 and 20/1; 2. addition of nitrogen improved the sludge settleability, which was much better under COD/N value of 50/1 and 20/1. In the continuous experiment, the value of slude volume index(SVI) was between 100 and 200, and the removal rates of oil and COD were above 95% and 90%, respectively when the COD/N ratio was kept at value of 20/1. Nitrogen addition to salad oil manufacturing wastewater system is an effective method for preventing or controlling sludge bulking.

Industrial Waste↗
PubMed2003

[Relationship between macrophage migration inhibitory factor and cardiac function in patients with congestive heart failure].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the level of plasma macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and its relationship with cardiac function. METHOD: The levels of MIF were measured in 278 CHF patients and 85 normal subjects using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Elevated MIF levels were detected in the patients with heart failure, and the elevation was more significant in cases of coronary artery disease in comparison with that identified in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSION: The overactivation of MIF may be involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Clinical analysis of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Beijing area].

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). METHODS: Clinical data from 250 patients with SARS were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The age of the patients were 36 +/- 16, 44.0% (n = 110) were male, and 56.0% (n = 140) were female. The incubation period was 8 +/- 7 days. The most common symptom were fever (100. 0%), cough (72.8%), and fatigue (70.0%). 27.2% of the patients had decreased white blood cell counts. 64.2% of the patients had decreased lymphocytes. 91.4% and 80.6% of the patients had decreased CD(4)(+) and CD(8)(+) cell counts, respectively. 162 patients (64.8%) had decreased SaO(2). Serum ALT, AST, LDH and CK were elevated in 45.2%, 29.4%, 42.1%, and 18.3% of the patients respectively. Serum IgG to SARS virus was positive in 69.9% of the patients at recovery stage. General combination therapy including antibiotics, anti-viral agents, glucocorticoids and immunity-enhancing agents, was used. Artificial ventilation was used in 196 patients including 8 for whom invasive mechanical ventilation was used Eighty-one (32.4%) were diagnosed as having severe type of SARS. 25 patients died of SARS. CONCLUSIONS: SARS is a highly communicable disease and mostly affects youth and people in their prime of life. It has characteristic clinical manifestations. Combination therapy can be very effective for most patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Study on a new IL-12 inducing gene NAP2].

AIM: To study the function of newly cloned NF-kappaB-activating gene (NAP2) and its mechanism. METHEDS: Activation of NF-kappaB and IL-12 promoters as well as modulation of IL-12 synthesis by NAP2 in macrophages were observed by NF-kappaB and IL-12 luciferase reporter assay and intracellular IL-12 staining. RESULTS: NAP2 could activate NF-kappaB and IL-12 promoter. But IkappaBalphaDN could inhibit their activation. In addition, NAP2 could induce IL-12 expression in macrophage cell line J774. CONCLUSION: NAP2 as a newly cloned NF-kappaB activating gene can activate IL-12 promoter and induce IL-12 expression in macrophages. The data suggest that NAP2 regulates the expression of IL-12 most likely through its modulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor.

Cell Line↗
PubMed2002

Determination of nonylphenol ethoxylates in the aquatic environment by normal phase liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry.

A comprehensive analytical method based on normal-phase liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (NPLC-ESI-MS) has been established for determination of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) in the aquatic environment. Extraction and cleanup of samples were performed on graphitized carbon black (GCB) solid-phase extraction cartridges. Complete separation between each individual NPEOs was achieved by combining a C18 pre-column with a silica analytical column and using acetonitrile-water as eluent. Quantitative determination by LC-ESI-MS was achieved in the positive ionization (PI) mode at a ramped cone voltage for NPEOs using selected ion monitoring. Recoveries for NPEOs ranged between 91.9 and 117.5%, and the limits of detection varied between 0.5 and 2 ng/l for individual NPEOs with n longer than 2, and between 5 and 0.5 microg/l for NPIEO and NP2EO. This method was successfully applied to the investigation of residual NPEOs with n>2 in the Chongqing area of the Changjiang river. NPEOs with n ranging from 1 to 22 were found to vary between 0.1 and 2900 ng/l with a distribution depending on the depth of water.

Chromatography, Liquid↗
PubMed2002

Efficient inhibition of human B-cell lymphoma xenografts with an anti-CD20 x anti-CD3 bispecific diabody.

Bispecific antibodies have been exploited both as cancer immunodiagnostics and as cancer therapeutics, and have shown promise in several clinical trials in cancer imaging and therapy. A number of bispecific antibodies against B-cell markers have been shown to be effective in vitro in mediating tumor cell lysis and in vivo in inhibiting tumor growth in animal models. We have constructed a bispecific diabody from the variable genes encoding two hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibodies directed against human CD20 on B cells and CD3 on T cells. The anti-CD20 x anti-CD3 diabody was expressed in a single Escherichia coli host and purified by a one-step affinity chromatography. The bispecific diabody bound as efficiently to both CD20- and CD3-positive cells as the respective parental antibodies, and was capable of cross-linking CD20-positive tumor cells and human T lymphocytes as shown by cellular rosetting. The diabody effectively lysed human B-lymphoma cells in the presence of T-enriched human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Further, when combined with human PBL and interleukin-2, the diabody significantly prolonged the survival of nude mice inoculated with human B-lymphoma cells. Taken together, our results suggest that an anti-CD20 x anti-CD3 diabody may have significant clinical application in the treatment of human CD20-positive B-cell malignancies.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Seed yeast cultivation for salad oil manufacturing wastewater treatment.

The mixture of five yeast strains obtained from soil could remove about 85% TOC of oil-rich wastewater in batch test. While the highest MLSS was obtained at an N:C of 1:5, the oil removal decreased with the increase of N:C during yeast sludge cultivation. Ammonium chloride was the best nitrogen source for yeast cultivation from the viewpoint of yeast growth and oil utilization. An ammonia concentration of over 1300 mg/L led to mass death of yeast at a pH of 5. The ammonia concentration should be controlled at a level of 1000 mg/L or lower.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2002

Induction of alpha-catenin, integrin alpha3, integrin beta6, and PDGF-B by 2,8-dihydroxyadenine crystals in cultured kidney epithelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Homozygous adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency is associated with 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) nephrolithiasis. Using whole kidney RNA from Aprt knockout mice, we previously showed that the renal deposition of DHA leads to changes in the expression of genes involved in tissue injury. To determine the cellular basis for these changes, we investigated gene expression in cultured human kidney (NHK-C) and African green monkey (BSC-1) epithelial cells exposed to DHA or calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. METHODS: First-strand cDNAs, synthesized from mRNA isolated from treated and untreated cells, were hybridized to membrane-bound cDNA arrays containing 588 genes associated with various physiological and pathological processes. Changes in gene expression were confirmed by reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the array cDNAs were expressed in untreated NHK-C cells at varying levels relative to a housekeeping gene. The expression of three adhesion molecules (alpha-catenin, integrin alpha3, and integrin beta6) and platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) was elevated following exposure of NHK-C cells to DHA. Increased expression of the adhesion molecules was also observed in BSC-1 cells, but PDGF-B expression could not be detected. COM crystals also stimulated the expression of these four genes in NHK-C cells, but the expression profile was quantitatively different compared with DHA. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that DHA crystals stimulate the expression of specific genes in kidney epithelial cells and that the pathways for DHA-induced cell injury may be similar to those for COM crystals. The induction of adhesion molecules and PDGF-B may affect cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions and/or alter the actin cytoskeleton. These alterations may ultimately contribute to crystal-induced renal injury.

Adenine↗
PubMed2002

Gender- and age-dependent changes in kidney androgen protein mRNA expression in a knockout mouse model for nephrolithiasis.

Kidney androgen-regulated protein (Kap) is the most abundant protein in the mouse kidney, but its function is unknown. We previously observed a significant decrease in Kap mRNA expression in whole kidney tissue from male mice with adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency and 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) nephrolithiasis. The disease phenotype is more severe in male mice and is age-dependent. To identify the cellular basis for differential Kap expression, we used in situ hybridization (ISH) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ISH (RT-PCR ISH) to identify the cell types expressing this mRNA in paraffin-embedded kidney sections. In 1-month-old wild-type male mice, Kap was detected primarily in S3 proximal tubule segments, but expression was very low in female mice. In 1-month-old APRT-deficient male mice, Kap expression was decreased significantly and was undetectable in female mice. Kap mRNA was not detected in 3- or 6-month-old mice using our standard ISH protocol, but we observed intense cytoplasmic staining in S3 proximal tubules in wild-type male mice of these age groups using an improved RT-PCR ISH procedure. Our studies demonstrate age-, gender-, and APRT genotype-dependent changes in Kap mRNA expression in mouse kidney. Kap expression is under multihormonal control, and hormonal changes in DHA-induced nephrolithiasis may account for the decreased Kap expression in APRT-deficient mice.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed2002

Peptide ligands in antibacterial drug discovery: use as inhibitors in target validation and target-based screening.

There is an urgent need to develop novel classes of antibiotics to counter the inexorable rise of resistant bacterial pathogens. Modern antibacterial drug discovery is focused on the identification and validation of novel protein targets that may have a suitable therapeutic index. In combination with assays for function, the advent of microbial genomics has been invaluable in identifying novel antibacterial drug targets. The major challenge in this field is the implementation of methods that validate protein targets leading to the discovery of new chemical entities. Ligand-directed drug discovery has the distinct advantage of having a concurrent analysis of both the importance of a target in the disease process and its amenability to functional modulation by small molecules. VITA is a process that enables a target-based paradigm by using peptide ligands for direct in vitro and in vivo validation of antibacterial targets and the implementation of high-throughput assays to identify novel inhibitory molecules. This process can establish sufficient levels of confidence indicating that the target is relevant to the disease process and inhibition of the target will lead to effective disease treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Laboratory-scale continuous treatment of monosodium glutamate manufacturing wastewater using yeast].

Dehydrogenation activity(DHA), test indicated that mixed yeast strains isolated from high strength monosodium glutamate wastewater could endure the high concentrations of COD, SO4(2-), and NH4+ containing in glutamate wastewater. The mixed yeast strains were inoculated to a biological contact oxidation reactor, and the reactor was used to treat the glutamate wastewater. Under a COD load ranging from 2.0 to 14.3 kg/(m3.d), the COD removal rate was over 80%. On the other hand, supplementation of phosphorus was necessary to maintain a stable COD removal performance. Variation of effluent pH seemed to have no apparent influence on COD removal rate. The optimum pH for the growth of yeast, however, was found to be in the range of 3.5-5.0. The effluent wastewater contained high concentration of yeast bodies, which could be utilized as a forage additive because of its high protein content (57.9%) and well-balanced amino acid distribution.

Bioreactors↗
PubMed2002

[Nitrification of high concentration NH4(+)-N in membrane bioreactor].

Nitrification performance of a membrane bioreactor was investigated under high concentration of NH4(+)-N. The removal rate of NH4(+)-N was over 99% under the condition of influent NH4(+)-N of 2000 mg/L and volumetric loading rate of NH4(+)-N 2.0 kg/(m3.d). The specific nitrification rate was kept to be 0.36/d in a period of half year.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2002

[Treatment of drilling wastewater from oil field by using yeast].

Two strains of yeast, namely Wickerhamiella domercqii and Candida boidinii, were acquired through screening from soil samples contaminated by drilling wastewater. A TOC removal of 40.5% was acquired when the mixture of the two yeast strains was used for drilling wastewater treatment, a little higher than that with activated sludge acclimated with wastewater (35.2%). Some organic compounds in the fraction of molecular weight above 60,000 were found to be biodegradable.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2002

[The transformation of nonylphenol ethoxylates in sewage treatment].

The concentrations of individual NPnEO (n > 2) were separated and analyzed by normal phase liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (NPLC-MS), and those of NP, NP1EO and NP2EO were determined by GC-MS. NP and NPnEO (n = 1-23) were found in the influent water, and the concentration of total NPnEO was 174 nmol/L. Of NPnEO, the abundance of NP2EO (89.6 nmol/L) was the highest, and next was NP (42.2 nmol/L) followed by NP1EO (12.2 nmol/L). 71% NP and NPnEO were removed by sewage treatment process and the adsorption on sludge contributed to the removal for these compounds. It was found that the adsorption of NPnEO on sludge followed the Dubinin-Astakhov model, assuming each NPEO were with similar adsorption potential.

Ethylene Glycols↗
PubMed2002

Preparation and characteristics of new coating for solid-phase microextraction.

Poly (methylphenylvinylsiloxane) (PMPVS) coating for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was first prepared by using sol-gel approach and cross-linking of free radical initiation. The extraction properties of the novel coating for aromatic compounds were investigated using a self-made SPME device coupled with a gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The coating provided high surface areas and allowed high extraction efficiency. Compared with some commercial SPME stationary phases, the new phase showed better selectivity and sensitivity toward aromatic compounds. Furthermore, PMPVS coating showed good thermal stability and longer lifetime.

Biphenyl Compounds↗