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Biomedical subjects

M Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to M Zhang.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Rehabilitation of 269 fingers with electrical burns].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical feature of the fingers with electrical burns. METHODS: 269 fingers with electrical burns were analysed in the characteristics of injury and the types of repair. RESULTS: Fingers with electrical burns were often multiple, characterizing the complexity of the wound repair. Operation time should be determined by different conditions. Usually the fingers with electrical burns should be operated early but the circumferential wound surface should be depressed or eschar excised during early stage in order to avoid ischemia of distal segment. When the circulation of the finger distal to the injury is improved, operation should be done to repair wound surface. CONCLUSION: Many kinds of flaps might be used for repair of fingers with electrical burns. The flaps from the same finger should be the first choice, followed by flaps from the same hand and distant flaps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The association of radiation-induced apoptosis with radiosensitivity of cervical carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between apoptosis, radiation-induced apoptosis and radiosensitivity of cervical carcinoma and find new markers for predicting radiosensitivity. METHODS: TdT-mediated bio-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to check apoptosis cells. The association of radiation-induced apoptosis with tumor volume shrinkage, radiation damage grade and local control rate was analysed. RESULTS: There was no relationship between apoptosis before radiation and tumor volume shrinkage(P > 0.05); Radiation-induced apoptosis had a significant association with tumor volume shrinkage (P < 0.01); In patients with radiation-induced apoptosis 10 or more, the grade of radiation damage IIb-III accounted for 76% (13/17), while for less than 10, it was 39% (5/13, P < 0.05); After 6 months of radiotherapy, local control rate was 88% (15/17) in the former, 69% (9/13) in the latter, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Radiation-induced apoptosis has some reference value for predicting radiosensitivity of cervical carcinoma.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1999

[The application of external skin expansion in the soft tissue donor site].

OBJECTIVE: To overcome the insufficiency of donor tissue for repairing a large postburn defect. METHODS: The donor site was pre-expanded with an external expansion device in 54 clinical cases. RESULTS: The expansion process was uneventful. The external expansion had delay effect that enabled the flap to be transferred with greater length to width ratio. After external expansion, the donor site of a flap or skin graft could be closed directly. The recipient and donor sites healed simultaneously. CONCLUSION: External expansion is a practical method to provide 'extra' skin for reconstruction of a large skin defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Effect of cytokines on in vitro bone resorption by cells isolated from giant cell tumor of bone.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cytokines on in vitro bone resorption by cells isolated from giant cell tumor of bone. METHODS: Mononuclear stromal cells and multinucleated giant cells (MGC) were isolated from 11 cases of giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) and their bone resorption capability in an in vitro cell-bone resorption model were tested. Expressions of some cytokines were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting analysis and Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) in the GCT. RESULTS: The results showed that MGCs of GCT had capability to resorb bone matrix directly. Fibroblast-like stromal cells (FC) could not only resorb bone matrix directly, but also secret unknown factors to facilitate bone resorption of MGC. Exogenous TNF-alpha could significantly increase the bone resorption by both kinds of stromal cells, while exogenous IL-1 did not. Expression rate of M-CSF and level of TNF-alpha in GCT were higher than in osteosarcoma and normal serum. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristic bone resorption behavior of GCT might be caused by its three major cell components. The M-CSF and TNF-alpha could promote their bone resorption capability.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Normalization of auditory evoked potential and visual evoked potential in patients with idiot savant.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variations of auditory evoked potentials (AEP) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) of patients with idiot savant (IS) syndrome. METHODS: Both AEP and VEP were recorded from 7 patients with IS syndrome, 21 mentally retarded (MR) children without the syndrome and 21 normally age-matched controls, using a Dantec concerto SEEG-16 BEAM instrument. RESULTS: Both AEP and VEP of MR group showed significantly longer latencies (P1 and P2 latencies of AEP, P < 0.01; N1 and N2 latencies of VEP, P < 0.01/0.05), lower P2 amplitudes (P < 0.01) and higher P3 amplitudes (P < 0.01), as compared with normal controls. But none of above-mentioned changes was found with IS group. Almost all MR patients (90.1%) presented P4 component in both AEP and VEP, which was also in sharp contrast with its incidence in other 2 groups (IS: 14.3%; normal controls: 9.5%). CONCLUSION: Patients with idiot savant syndrome presented normalized AEP and VEP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Cognitive evoked potentials in patients with schizophrenia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features of cognitive evoked potentials (CEPs) in schizophrenics and the changes of CEPs between the duration of episode and remission. METHODS: The present study was made with stimuli of auditory, visual, and somatosensory modalities. CEPs were recorded from 31 episodical schizophrenics and 25 of them were retested when their clinical symtoms rempitted. RESULTS: The episodical patients showed significantly longer A latency (P < 0.05) and PINV latency (P < 0.01), and smaller A-S2' area (P < 0.01). Shorter latency was associated with P2 of auditory evoked potential, visual evoked potential and somatosensory evoked potential (P < 0.05), P1 of AEP, N2 of VEP, and N1 of SEP (P < 0.05). Longer latency was associated with P3 of AEP (P < 0.05). Diminished amplitude was associated with N1-P2 of AEP and N1-P2 of VEP, P2 of VEP, and P2-N2 of SEP (P < 0.05). The follow-up study revealed that when the psychiatric symptoms remitted, the waveform of CEPs became more steady; amplitude B of CNV, N1-P2 of VEP and P2-N2 of SEP were increased (P < 0.05); the amplitude P2 of AEP and VEP, and P1 of AEP were increased into the normal range. CONCLUSION: The variations of CEPs are the state marker of schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Psychosocial risk factors of Alzheimer's disease].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between psychosocial factor and risk of Alzheimer's disease(AD). METHODS: A cohort study of people 55 years and older was followed up 10 years after a baseline screening. 5,055 elderly subjects in a district of Shanghai were stratified clustering sampled from community. Information about psychosocial factors was collected in 1987. The clinical diagnoses of dementia and AD were made according to DSM-III-R and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. 4,896 non-demented persons were followed in 1997. The incidence of AD was calculated and the relationship between the psychosocial factors and the AD was analyzed by Logistic model. RESULTS: 1,203 subjects were resurveyed in 1997 and among them 124 new cases of dementia including 81 cases of AD were identified. By computing the relative risk(RR) of psychosocial factors to the AD, many psychosocial factors were found to be correlated with AD including blue collar occupation, no job, no reading or writing, no taking community activities, no gardening in leisure, bad psychological feeling and lower education (RR > 1). The items with high PARP > 50% were not working, no job, retirement, no taking community activities, no reading or writing, blue collar occupation and no gardening in leisure. MMSE total score is a good predict for AD. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial factors play an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of activated donor-type NK cells on allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of activated donor-type NK cells on allogeneic bone marrow transplantation(BMT). METHODS: Four hours before or 72 hours after transfusing bone marrow cells(containing T cells), the activated donor-type NK cells were injected into tumor-bearing mice conditioned by irradiation. The effect of these NK cells were assessed by CFU-S, CFU-GM, survival, body weight, histopathology and lung metastases in the recipients. RESULTS: The transfusion of activated donor-type NK cells markedly increased CFU-S and CFU-GM numbers. When these NK cells were transfused 4 hours before BMT, they augmented GVT yet inhibited GVHD as evidenced by increases in survival duration and body weight, reduction in grade of histopathological changes and decrease in lung metastases. However, when activated donor-type NK cells were transfused 72 hours after BMT, they exacerbated GVHD. CONCLUSIONS: The activated donor-type NK cells could prevent GVHD and produce significant GVT effects and also resulted in greater hematopoietic reconstitution if they were at the initial stage of allogeneic BMT in mice. Thereafter, the activated donor-type NK cells were detrimental and could exacerbate the subsequent GVHD, these results also demonstrated that GVT and GVHD could be dissociable phenomena.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental study of LAK and activated NK cells affecting hematopoiesis in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between LAK/activated NK cells and hematopoiesis as well as the effects of LAK/activated NK cells on hematopoietic reconstitution after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation(BMT) in mice. METHODS: 1. LAK/activated NK cells were cocultured with bone marrow cells(BMC) in semi-solid agar medium to determine their effects on CFU-GM formation. 2. Syngeneic LAK/activated NK cells were transferred with BALB/c BMCs into lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients to determine their effects on hematopoietic reconstitution. RESULTS: When BMC were cultured under optimal growth conditions in the presence of exogenous hematopoietic growth factors, the effects of LAK/activated NK cells were mainly inhibitory. However, when BMCs were cultured under growth-limiting conditions without exogenous hematopoietic growth factors, the LAK/activated NK cells could support CFU-GM formation. Syngeneic LAK/activated NK cells significantly increased CFU-S and CFU-GM numbers after syngeneic BMT, and also significantly improved platelet and white blood cell count. CONCLUSIONS: LAK/activated NK cells could be bidirectionally regulate CFU-GM formation in vitro and promote hematopoietic reconstitution after syngeneic BMT in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Effect of immunization in mice with recombinant DNA encoding the hepatitis C virus structural protein.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility and the efficacy of immune responses in mice inoculated with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 and to lay a foundation for HCV nucleic acid vaccine development in the future. METHODS: The gene fragment coding C and E regions of HCV-II (type I b) was inserted into pCD-SR alpha 1 expression vector and formed pCD-HCV1 and then was injected into quadriceps muscles of Balb/c mouse. Serum anti-HCV level of mice was tested by ELISA (A value). Spleen cells proliferation responses to HCV antigens were detected by 3H-TdR incorporation (cpm). RESULTS: Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 three or four times can generate specific antibody responses to HCV antigens and the antibody levels gradually ascend to the plateaus and did not have the trend of descending in 18 weeks detected. The serum antibodies in mice immunized by recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 were 100 percent positive when the serum were diluted 40 times and the positive rate of antibody still were 16.6 percent positive when the serum were diluted 320 times. Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 (100 micrograms, 50 micrograms 10 micrograms/mouse three times respectively) can elicit antibody responses to HCV antigens and the antibody levels of three groups were 0.70 +/- 0.07, 0.33 +/- 0.04 and 0.11 +/- 0.09 respectively. Spleen cells of Blab/c mice injected with pCD-HCV1 three times were induced to produce proliferation responses to HCVc + e specific antigens. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that constructs expressioning HCV core and envelope proteins can generate anti-HCVc + e specific antibody responses and lymphoproliferation responses in mice, which suggested it to be possible to elicit immune responses to viral epitopes from HCV via DNA immunization with HCV-DNA recombinant and to warrant further investigation as a potential vaccine against HCV infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Prognostic value of cell proliferation and apoptosis in uterine cervical cancer treated with radiation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the prognostic value of cell proliferation and apoptosis in cervical cancer patients treated with radiation. METHODS: A retrospective study was done in 40 radiotherapy-uncontrolled cases of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri and an equal number of cases, matched in age, clinical stage, tumor size and histologic grade, which had been cured by radiotherapy. Cell proliferation was judged by the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positively stained cell number x intensity of staining, and number of cells in mitosis per 10 high-power microscopic fields (HPF). Apoptotic cells were identified by TUNEL method and the result was expressed as the number of cells undergone apoptosis per 10 HPF. RESULTS: The average level of PCNA expression was 5.38 +/- 3.21 in the cured patients and 7.50 +/- 3.16 in the radiotherapy-uncontrolled patients (P < 0.01). The number of mitotic cells/10 HPF was 6.33 +/- 5.15 in the cured patients and 11.33 +/- 7.50 in the uncontrolled patients (P < 0.001). The number of apoptotic cells/10 HPF was 20.90 +/- 8.19 in the cured patients and 27.13 +/- 17.28 in the uncontrolled patients (P < 0.05). The ratio of number of apoptotic cells to that of mitotic cells (A/M) was 4.97 +/- 3.31 in the cured and 3.36 +/- 2.83 in the uncontrolled (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In cervical cancer, PCNA expression, the number of cells in mitosis and that of cells in apoptosis are significantly increased while the A/M ratio is significantly decreased in radiotherapy-uncontrolled patients compared to those of patients cured by radiotherapy. These parameters may be of value of predict response to radiotherapy and prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental study on multi-infarct dementia treated with reinforcing essence to refresh mental activity method].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of multi-infarct dementia (MID) treated with reinforcing essence to refresh mental activity method (RERM). METHODS: MID rat models were established by injecting sterile dry blood clots into common carotid artery and screening by the first jumping-off latency of diving platform reflex. Effect of RERM on model rats in learning, memory, serum and brain malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, brain monoamine neurotransmitter content, and brain morphosis were observed. RESULTS: Obvious malfunction of learning and memory was found in MID rat models, and there were also significant decreasing of monoamine neurotransmitters content in partial brain zones, decreasing of SOD activity in brain and increasing of MDA content in serum and brain. RERM could obviously improve learning and memory, raise SOD activity and monoamine neurotransmitters content in brain tissue, lower MDA content in serum and brain of MID rat models, protect brain morphosis of multi-infarction rats. CONCLUSION: RERM might treat MID by restraining lipid peroxidation, improving monoamine neurotransmitters content in partial brain zones and decreasing ischemic damage of brain tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of sijunzi decoction on serum soluble intercellular adhesive molecule-1, interleukin-15 and monocyte antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in patients of spleen-deficiency].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) on serum soluble intercellular adhesive molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-15 (IL-15) and monocyte antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in patients of Spleen-Deficiency. METHODS: Serum sICAM-1, IL-15 and monocyte ADCC of 66 Spleen-Deficiency patients were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and modified thiazole blue test. RESULTS: Serum sICAM-1 of Spleen-Deficiency patients increased, IL-15 secretion decreased and monocyte ADCC function reduced, which displayed as lowered immune function. After SJZD treatment, all the above-mentioned parameters were normalized. CONCLUSION: SJZD could enhance immune function of organism by strengthening Spleen and tonifying Qi.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Exploring into relationship between serum lipoprotein electrophoretogram and the differentiation as phlegm stasis syndrome of aged coronary heart disease patients].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between dynamic balance of the disturbance of serum lipoprotein and the 5 syndrome-types during Phlegm stasis syndrome (PSS) differentiation. METHODS: There were 171 patients, among them 81 cases were performed coronary arteriography (CAG). The serum lipoprotein electrophoretogram (SLPG) was examined by the double gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the serum total cholesterol (TC) was determined with enzymatic method. RESULTS: (1) Comparing the PSS with the control group, there was significant difference in the abnormal items (P < 0.05-0.01). The blood stasis syndrome, PSS, and the Qi stagnation blood stasis syndrome were more than the phlegm syndrome and the non-PSS ones. The abnormal index of SLP (SLPI) had the following order: PSS(SLPI 1.941) > Qi stagnation blood stasis syndrome (1.901) > blood stasis syndrome (1.643) > phlegm syndrome (1.357) > non-PSS(1.105) and > the control syndrome (0.056). (2) The positive cases in CAG was 64 patients, in SLPG, it was 59 cases (92.19%). The negative in CAG was 17 cases, but the positive in SLPG, it was 14 cases (82.35%). (3) As the PSS developed further, the TC had an increasing tendency, but their average was less than 2100 mg/L, under the critical level. CONCLUSION: As the risk factor of the aged CHD, the TC was not an ideal criteria, the SPLG was an effective index. It was related with the PSS differentiation of the aged CHD.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Monitoring of bacteria resistance in burn patients].

OBJECTIVE: To monitor the bacteria resistance in burn patients. METHODS: Disk susceptibility tests were performed and interpreted according to the NCCLS criteria. Four kinds of the third generation cephalosporins extended-spectrum beta-lactamase produced by multi-resistant of P. aeruginosa and K. Pneumoniae strains were detected after 20 microgram of sulbactam was added respectively, in contrast to no sulbactam. RESULTS: 227 strains were isolated from burn patients. 195 strains (86%) were gram-negative bacteria. Disk susceptibility showed various bacteria had high antibiotic resistance and multi-resistant rate. S. aureus was only susceptible to vancomycin, its resistant rate to imipenem was 19%. P. aeruginosa was only susceptible to polymyxin-B, its resistant rate to ceftazidime was 20%. However, after stop using ceftazidime two years, the susceptibility to gram-negative bacteria recovered. The resistant rate of ceftazidime to P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae were decreased respectively. The resistance to quinolones was increased. The resistant rate of ciprofloxacin to P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae was increased respectively. After 20 microgram sulbactam added to cephalosporins drug disks, the primary susceptibility of ceftazidime to P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae recovered, and the antibiotic was better than the other cephalosporins. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to monitor the bacteriology in burn patients at all time, and understand the changing pattern of bacterial flora, antibiotic susceptibility and bacterial strains spreading in burn ward. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases is the cause of resistance. After sulbactam added to the third generation of cephalosporins, the beta-lactamases were inhibited, and the susceptibility of antibiotics to bacteria were increased and ceftazidime was prior to others.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Total removal of craniopharyngioma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the better method of surgical management of craniopharygioma. METHODS: We treated 30 patients with craniopharyngioma ranged in age from 15 to 55 years (mean: 34.13 years old). MR image showed that the tumors' diameter varied from 2.0 cm to 6.0 cm (mean, 3.34 cm). 17 patients had the tumor in suprasellar region, 11 had tumor extension in the third ventricle 2 and had the tumor down to insellar. Complete cystic tumor was seen in 5 patients, partial cystic tumor in 17, and solid tumor in 8. Calcified tumor was found in 18 patients. Frontal temporal craniotomy was performed in all patients. The tumor was dissected in the parachiasmal opticocarotid, carotidotentorial spaces and lamina terminals. Great attention was paid to the preservation of the perforating arteries from the carotid, posterior and anterior communication and anterior choroidal arteries to the structure of the hypothalamus. The solid portion of the tumor was removed by piecemeal. RESULTS: The tumor was totally removed in 29 patients and subtotally removed in 1 patient by second surgery. Follow-up showed that 27 patients resat normal life, 1 patient needed assistance, 1 died 7 days after surgery from inhalation asphyxia, and 1 died from complications of diabetes insipidus. CONCLUSIONS: Many different surgical approaches can be used in the treatment of carniopharyngioma according to the localization and extension of the tumor. However, avoidance of the neural structures injury in the third ventricle and preservation of the perforating arteries to hypothalamus are essential to achieving a good surgical result.

Adolescent↗