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Biomedical subjects

M Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamaguchi.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[P-glycoprotein expression in hematological malignancies].

To clarify the common characteristics among P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-expressing hematological malignancies and whether chemotherapies could or could not induce P-gp expression, we analyzed P-gp/MDR1 expression in tumor cells from 200 Japanese patients (104 with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML); 30 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); 66 with mature lymphoid malignancies). Functional P-gp expression was examined by Rhodamine-123 efflux test, and estimated with the data by RT-PCR method. In mature lymphoid malignancies, the cells of T or natural killer (NK) cell malignancies frequently expressed P-gp/MDR1. In AML, frequent P-gp/MDR1 expression was associated with the expression of CD7 or c-kit and with 8; 21 chromosomal translocation (p < 0.01), which were thought to be the characteristics of the hematopoietic stem cell. Though the expression of P-gp/MDR1 was more frequent at onset than at relapse phase, the increase is thought to result from the expansion of blastic fraction expressing P-gp/MDR1. In ALL, P-gp/MDR1 expression was not frequent in B-cell precursor lineage (three of eighteen patients), but the incidence was high in CD7(+) surface CD3(-) cases (seven of the cases). These results indicate P-gp/MDR1 expression is more frequently in the tumor of T, NK cell and stem cell, reflecting the characteristics of its normal counterpart.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation for mitral valvuloplasty using rasping procedure].

From April 1992 through July 1994, 7 patients underwent mitral valvuloplasty using rasping procedure in conjunction with open mitral commissurotomy. All patients had satisfactory postoperative results without the complications such as restenosis, regurgitation, infection. However, thromboembolism was observed in 1 patient at the postoperative 6 months. And no reoperation for repaired mitral valve was observed. Transvalvular pressure gradient significantly decreased from 14.3 +/- 8.5 mmHg to 4.7 +/- 1.6 mmHg after operation. Mitral valve areas significantly increased from 1.01 +/- 0.31 cm2 to 1.78 +/- 0.41 cm2 after operation. As compared with preoperative value of 0.32 +/- 0.02, postoperative left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) significantly improved to 0.40 +/- 0.03. The advantages of this method is considered to be equable and safe débridement, and no anticoagulation at late period. Mitral valvuloplasty using rasping procedure, except for transmural calcified lesions, is useful and effective method. And excellent postoperative long-term results could be expected.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Early recovery of host-derived hematopoiesis in marrow transplant recipients conditioned with high-dose busulfan and cyclophosphamide.

Three marrow transplant recipients with hematologic malignancies (two AML, one myelodysplastic syndrome) experienced prolonged pancytopenia after allogeneic BMT following conditioning with non-TBI regimens containing high-dose busulfan and cyclophosphamide (Bu/CY), despite the use of G-CSF. Early recovery of host-derived hematopoiesis ensued. Although neutrophil counts in these patients exceeded 500 x 10(6)/l by day 30 after transplant, these cells were of host origin. This early recovery of host-derived hematopoiesis has been observed rarely among patients conditioned with TBI-based regimens. When patients conditioned with Bu/CY show delayed hematologic recovery, mixed chimerism should be considered even in the presence of normal neutrophil recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Two cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome examined with indocyanine green angiography].

Two cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) were examined using indocyanine green angiography. Patients were 32 and 45 years old. Both were female. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated early hyperfluorescence corresponding to the white dots. The early phase of indocyanine green angiography showed no abnormal signs, but the late phase disclosed hypofluorescent lesions corresponding to the white dots and even other areas. Each hypofluorescent lesion was punctate and patchy in some areas. The white dots began to fade and returned to the normal color of the fundus from the center to the edge of the lesion. In indocyanine green angiography, the hypofluorescent lesions began to show a normal appearance at the center of the lesion. The indocyanine green angiogram was normal after the white dots had disappeared. The origin of hypofluorescence in indocyanine green angiography was unknown. However, the findings suggest that MEWDS may affect the choroid as well as the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Combination treatment of the partial D2 agonist terguride with the D1 agonist SKF 82958 in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned parkinsonian cynomolgus monkeys.

The optimal combination of a dopamine D2 agonist and a D1 agonist was evaluated for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease. Behavioral effects of combination treatment of the full D2 agonist quinpirole or the partial D2 agonist terguride with the full D1 agonist SKF 82958 [(I) 6-Chloro-7, 8-dihydroxy-3-allyl-1-phenyl-2, 3, 4, 5-tetra-hydro-1H-3-benzazepine] were investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned parkinsonian cynomolgus monkeys with attention to the induction of hyperactivity such as irritability, excitability and aggressiveness and of dyskinesias such as licking of paws, chewing and biting. Both quinpirole and SKF 82958 alone improved the parkinsonism with a slight induction of the hyperactivity and dyskinesias. Terguride also improved the parkinsonism but did not induce the hyperactivity and dyskinesias. Combination treatment of quinpirole with SKF 82958 not only showed a tendency to augment the antiparkinsonian effects but also induced the marked hyperactivity and dyskinesias. On the other hand, combination treatment of terguride with SKF 82958 also augmented the antiparkinsonian effects but did not induce any hyperactivity and dyskinesias. These findings suggest that combination therapy with a partial D2 agonist and a full D1 agonist or monotherapy with a dopamine agonist that has both partial D2 and full D1 agonist properties might be beneficial for treating motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease without inducing dopaminergic side effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of chronic graft-versus-host disease after unrelated-donor bone marrow transplantation. Kanazawa University Bone Marrow Transplant Team].

Six patients with hematologic diseases who received bone marrow from an unrelated donor (URD) from 1992 through 1993 and survived for more than 100 days after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were assessed for the incidence, time of onset, and extent of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Five patients (83%) developed cGVHD, compared with 41% of a control group consisting of 34 patients who received bone marrow from a related donor during the same period. In 4 (80%) of the 5 patients, cGVHD occurred within 70 days after BMT. This early occurrence of cGVHD was observed in only 7% of the control group (P = 0.006). cGVHD tended to involve more organs in the URD-BMT patients than in the control group. In two patients with cGVHD, an allele mismatch in HLA-DRB1 gene between the patients and donor was disclosed by DNA typing. These findings indicate that it is important to strengthen post-transplant immunosuppression, to initiate screening tests from the early post-transplant period, and to select a suitable donor matched with HLA-DRB1 alleles for the prevention of cGVHD in the URD-BMT patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Establishment of a CD4+ T cell clone recognizing autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells from a patient with immune-mediated aplastic anemia.

In some patients with aplastic anemia (AA), hematopoietic function is dependent on continuous administration of cyclosporine A (CyA). These AA patients may have T lymphocytes whose myelosuppressive effect is mitigated by CyA. We established a total of 29 T cell clones from the bone marrow of a CyA-dependent AA patient in relapse. Some of the CD4+ T cell clones demonstrated a specific proliferative response to irradiated autologous bone marrow cells enriched for CD34+ cells (CD34(+)-rich cells) obtained from the patient in remission. One of the T cell clones showing the best proliferative response to CD34(+)-rich cells carried the T cell receptor V beta 17 and produced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) only when cultured with autologous CD34(+)-rich cells. This T cell clone inhibited colony formation by colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) by approximately 60% when it was cultured with autologous CD34(+)-rich cells in methylcellulose medium, although the clone did not exhibit direct cytotoxicity to the CD34(+)-rich cells. The inhibition of in vitro hematopoietic progenitor cell growth by the T cell clone was partially abrogated by the addition of CyA to the culture. These findings suggest that in some patients with CyA-dependent AA, CD4+ T cells autoreactive to hematopoietic progenitor cells exist and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case in which bronchorrhea was alleviated by oral erythromycin and inhalation of beclomethasone and furosemide].

A 55-year-old woman with bronchorrhea and bronchial asthma was admitted to our hospital in June, 1992. On admission, she was producing a large volume of sputum (200 ml) each day. The volume decreased with oral administration of erythromycin and inhalation of beclomethasone. Next, inhalation of furosemide was added to the regimen, which lead to symptomatic improvement in mucus clearance, although the sputum increased in volume. The concentrations of albumin, fucose, sialic acid, and phosphatidylcholine in the sputum changed with these treatments, as did the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. These observations suggest that these drugs affect not only the quantity but also the quality of sputum.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

Role of homeodomain protein binding region in the expression of Drosophila proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene: analysis with transgenic flies.

The regulatory region of Drosophila proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene consists of a promoter region (-168 to +24 with respect to the transcription initiation site) and an upstream region containing three homeodomain protein binding sites (HDB) (-357 to -165). The PCNA gene regulatory regions with HDB (-607 to +137) or without HDB (-168 to +137) were fused with the lacZ and transgenic flies were established by P-element-mediated transformation. Male transgenic flies were crossed with wild-type females, and zygotic expression of the lacZ was monitored by quantitative beta-galactosidase assay, at various stages of development. Expression of the lacZ was high in embryos, first and second instar larvae, and adult females, and low at other stages of development. Only a marginal difference in expression was observed between flies carrying the homeodomain protein binding region and those not carrying it. Spatial pattern of the lacZ expression in the embryo visualized by immunostaining with the anti-lacZ antibody was similar to the distribution of the endogenous PCNA protein. Here, too, only a marginal difference was observed between transgenic flies carrying two different constructs of the PCNA lacZ. In genetic crossing experiments of transgenic flies with those carrying mutation in homeobox genes, no significant change in the lacZ expression pattern was observed. However, when male transgenic flies were crossed with female flies homozygous for a torso gain-of-function allele, repression of the lacZ expression was observed in the central region of the embryo. Because these local changes in the lacZ expression depend on the homeodomain protein binding region, unidentified homeodomain proteins are probably involved. Our results suggest that the promoter region is practically sufficient for expression of the PCNA gene and that the homeodomain protein binding region functions as a silencer when torso is activated ectopically.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of the drill hole orientation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction].

In the reconstructive procedure of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the relationship was investigated between the orientation of the drill holes from the isometric points and the deformity in the ligament graft. We first investigated, by numerical analysis, the optimal orientation of the drill holes for minimal deformation. Secondly, we experimentally by using eight fresh cadaveric knees, measured the relationship between the orientation of the drill holes and the bending angle in the grafts. The optimal orientation of the drill hole in the femur was found to be tilted 20 degrees laterally in the coronal plane and 23 degrees anteriorly in the sagittal plane. In the tibia, the drill hole should be directed 24 degrees medially and 50 degrees anteriorly from the isometric point. The numerically analysed bending angle corresponded well to the results from the experimental study. The deformation in the graft on the femoral side was larger than that on the tibial side. Therefore, the orientation of the femoral drill hole was concluded to be more important than the orientation of the tibial drill hole.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1995

Frequent expression of CD3 epsilon in CD3 (Leu 4)-negative nasal T-cell lymphomas.

Adult natural killer (NK) cells had not generally been thought to express CD3 proteins other than zeta; however they were recently demonstrated to express CD3 epsilon in an activated condition. This prompted us to investigate the tumor tissues from 17 patients with Leu4-negative peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including eight with nasal T-cell lymphoma (NTCL), for the expression of CD3 epsilon. The tissues were immunohistologically stained with rabbit anti-human CD3 epsilon antibody. The expression of CD3 epsilon was more frequent in the tissues of nasal lymphoma than in the non-nasal lymphoma tissues: specimens from six of eight of the NTCL patients expressed CD3 epsilon, while only one of nine of the non-NTCL patients did so. The NTCL patients presented clinically with lethal midline granuloma, had histologic findings of tumor necrosis and angioinvasion, and had a peculiar CD2+, Leu4-, CD3 epsilon+, CD5-, CD7+, CD45RO+, CD4-, CD8-, beta F1-, T-cell receptor (TRC) delta 1-, CD56+ phenotype. This peculiar phenotype seems to be closely associated with NTCL. No clonal rearrangement of the TCR genes was detected in three NTCL patients examined. The NK cell origin of NTCL has been suggested by previous investigators. The phenotypic correspondence of our nasal tumors to adult activated NK cells supports this possibility, together with their lack of clonal rearrangement of the TCR genes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Completion pneumonectomy after lobectomy or bilobectomy for lung cancer].

Six cases who were performed completion pneumonectomy after lobectomy or bilobectomy for lung cancer were reported. The reason for completion pneumonectomy was the recurrence of lung cancer, 4 cases; second primary lung cancer, 1 case; and the destroyed lung after bilobectomy, 1 case. The intervals between the first resection and completion pneumonectomy for the patients who were recognized the recurrence were 14, 40, 83, 112 months. This results suggest that it is important that the patients who were performed curative resection are carefully followed. The patients who were performed completion pneumonectomy had the pulmonary function as follows; more than 800 ml as FEV1. The postoperative complication were not observed for the six patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Estimation of age from soft X-ray findings of Japanese pubic symphysis based on a image processing.

A method for estimating the age at death through the image processing of soft X-ray pictures of pubic symphysis is reported. The collected 533 materials were sliced at the thickness of 5 mm. Prior to the image processing, subjective assessment was made on the five indices of gross morphological findings. The pictures showed roughening and darkening tendencies with age and two indices for image processing were introduced. Applying the natural logarithm to data obtained by the image processing and making regression analysis. two kinds of age estimation equations were derived in the form of; Y = -39.91 lnX + 189.63 and the estimated age Y was proportional to natural logarithm of measured indices X. The age estimation equations showed accuracies of 70% or more for the age range of +/- 5 years and 100% for +/- 8 years. The accuracy was satisfactory for age estimation in the field of person appraisal in legal medicine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Secular changes of PCB concentration accumulated in organs and tissues of Japanese from 1974 to 1989.

The concentration and component types of PCB in adult human liver and fat tissue (64 samples) from forensic autopsy cases of Osaka Prefecture in 1989 were measured for comparison with the data for the same organ and tissue during the period from 1974 to 1984. The mean values of PCB levels in 1989 were 0.06 microgram/g (whole base) in the liver and 2.20 micrograms/g (fat base) in the fat tissue. These concentrations both were the same as those observed for the 15-year period. The percentages of the 5,6-chlorinated compound of PCB in the liver and fat tissue were lower but those of the 7-chlorinated compound were 15-20% higher.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of malignancy and viability of brain tumors by 201Tl SPECT: the correlation between 201Tl SPECT and pathology, clinical progress and the intensity of enhancement on CT images].

Thallium-201 (201Tl) SPECT was performed 48 times in 26 patients to clarify its usefulness in the evaluation of malignancy and viability of brain tumors. The early counts ratio (ER) and delayed counts ratio (DR) of a lesion compared with normal brain were obtained 10-15 minutes and 3 hours, respectively, after intravenous administration of 185 MBq of 201Tl chloride. Untreated high grade malignant tumors and recurrent tumors did not always show high ER and DR, and they were widely distributed. High grade malignant tumors that showed low ER and DR were not well enhanced on CT or MRI. In low grade malignant tumors, such as pituitary adenoma which was well enhanced on CT, ER and DR were as high as in high grade malignant tumor. Whether a tumor recurred within three months after radiotherapy or not was retrospectively predicted at accuracy rates of 93.8% and 87.5% with cut-off points of 4.0 for ER and 3.5 for DR. Cerebral radiation necrosis showed ring-like increased uptake of 201Tl in proportion to the progress of necrosis and intensity of enhancement on MRI. In conclusion 201Tl SPECT is considered to be less useful for lesions that are well enhanced on CT, because they show high uptake of 201Tl regardless of their malignancy and viability. On the other hand, in tumors that are not well enhanced on CT. 201Tl shows good accumulation in viable and high grade malignant lesions. 201Tl SPECT should be performed in such cases.

Adult↗