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Biomedical subjects

M Yamagiwa

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamagiwa.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Congenital stridor caused by redundant arytenoid mucosa.

Two cases of congenital stridor caused by merely unusual redundancy of the mucosa covering the arytenoids are reported in this paper. The stridor was noted only when the patients were awake, and was not affected by postural changes of patients. The patients who did not reach their full mental and physical development had congenital abnormalities: cleft palate in one case, and hypertrichiosis, short palpebral fissures of camptodactyly in the other. No abnormalities were revealed in the patients on examinations of chromosomes, thyroid hormones and brains using the techniques of computerized axial tomographic scanning and electroencephalography. The diagnosis of these cases should be confirmed by a direct laryngoscopy or a laryngofiberscopy. Although the etiology of redundant arytenoid mucosa is not known, it may be suggested that this condition is incidental to other congenital abnormalities.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

Interaction of upper airway reflexes on protective laryngeal closure.

Reflex responses evoked in the adductor branches of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) by stimulation of the afferent nerves in the upper respiratory tracty were studied on anesthetized cats for the purpose of elucidating the mechanisms of the protective laryngeal closure reflex. A single pulse stimulation to each of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (ION), the glossopharyngeal nerve (GPN) and the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) elicited reflex responses in RLNs on both sides. The frequency-dependent attenuation of reflex responses in right RLN elicited by repetitive stimulation of ipsilateral SLN began at frequencies of 40-50/sec; on the other hand, that elicited by repetitive stimulation of ipsilateral GPN or ION was attenuated at frequencies of 5-10/sec. Furthermore, interactions among the reflexes in right RLN elicited by stimulation of ipsilateral ION, GPN and SLN were observed by using the technique of double shock stimulation (the "conditioning-testing" technique). The effect of conditioning stimulation of ION was a short facilitation followed by a long-lasting inhibition of RLN reflex responses elicited by test stimulation of SLN and GPN. conditioning stimulation of GPN elicited a similar effect on RLN reflex responses evoked by test stimulation of SLN. These results indicate an important role of the interactions among upper airway afferent activities for the performance of laryngeal defense action.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple measurement of parotid salivary flow using material quick absorber.

We applied Material Quick Absorber (Inami Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan), a small triangular paper strip made mainly from viscose and used for fluid absorption during surgery, to collect right resting parotid saliva directly from Stensen's orifice and estimated nonstimulated parotid salivary flow by weighing the saliva absorbed in a given period of time. We assayed this method in 53 patients with dry mouth and/or throat and in 115 healthy young and elderly control subjects. The median salivary flow rates in male and female patients were 18 mg/min (almost equal to 0.018 mL/min) and 11 mg/min, respectively, significantly lower (P less than .05 for men, P less than .01 for women) than those obtained from young male (36 mg/min) and female (34 mg/min) controls and consistent with previously reported physiologic flow rates obtained by means of the "cup method." Although the median flow rate for elderly male controls (35 mg/min) was rather close to that of young male or female controls, there was no significant difference in flow rates between elderly male controls and male patients. On the other hand, in female control subjects, a significant decrease (P less than .05) in salivary flow was shown with aging. Repeated 3-minute measurements (eight times at 5- to 6-minute intervals) with this method in 10 healthy younger male volunteers showed that the coefficient of variance in the same subject ranged from 14.1% to 57.2% and that the larger the mean flow rate the smaller the coefficient of variance (P less than .05 by simple regression analysis).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗