Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M White.
Spectrin, isolated from both human and bovine erythrocyte membranes, was found to exist predominantly as a tetramer of 960 000 daltons when prepared at 4 degrees C, but as a dimer of 480 000 daltons when prepared at 37 degrees C. The purified tetramer from both species could be dissociated to dimers by low ionic strength incubation at 37 degrees C.
A nutrition surveillance system in public health clinics is providing data for patient care and program planning. Through this system, Arizona's Mexican-American population has been shown to differ from other ethnic groups seen in clinic. Anemia and low height-for-age are significant problems in the Mexican-American population. Over-nutrition, in the form of overweight and high cholesterol, is also a problem among the Mexican-American clinic population.
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From Aug. 1, 1974, to July 31, 1975, inclusive, 19-1% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 50-0% of Serratia marcescens isolates from a general hospital were gentamicin resistant as determined by standardised disc testing; 80% of 118 different clinical isolates showed minimum inhibitory concentrations larger than or equal to 16 mug/ml of gentamicin in agar-dilution testing. All gentamicin-resistant S. marcescens and 79% of Ps. aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to amikacin, while tobramycin and sisomicin were shown to have little advantage over gentamicin. A wide variety of immunotypes was found for Ps. aeruginosa, but only two predominant types were found for S. marcescens. Most isolates originated from the urinary tract, but nine which came from urine or wounds were also isolated from blood. Resistant strains seemed to be as virulent as sensitive strains. A common source was not found. Clinical improvement was noted in 13 of 17 patients treated with amikacin. The high frequency of gentamicin resistance is a continuing problem in this hospital and soon may be in others.
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An instance of melioidosis is described in a five-year-old Papua New Guinean. The disease did not involve the lungs, but the patient presented with an abscess on the abdomen and with numerous abscesses on the feet. The disease was successfully treated with kanamycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. This is the fourth case known to have occurred in Papua New Guinea, and the patient is the first to have survived.
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1. The current practice of operating upon patients with varicose veins as the treatment of choice costs more than xi15 million a year. 2. The bulk of this expense is due to the length of time that patients are kept in the ward. If they were treated as outpatients, either by Fegan's method or by operation, the cost would be reduced to one-tenth of what is now spent. Even if the operation were done on a "short-stay" basis the cost would be reduced to one-third or less. 3. Although the long term results of Fegan's method are uncertain there is no doubt that it gives better immediate results than an operation. Moreover, there is no particular type of varicosity of shape of limb which precludes its use.
Using sensitive radiommunoprecipitation assays for highly purified type-C RNA tumor virus proteins, we found that 5 of 16 clinically normal gibbons (including 4 of 5 normal animals from a colony with 2 cases of lymphoma) and 4 of 4 experimentally inoculated gibbons formed antibodies to the major structural protein (p30) of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV). An additional woolly monkey immunized with the closely related simian sarcoma virus also formed antibodies detectable with GaLV p30. Of 20 patients immunized with formalin-inactivated Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV), 10 were previously reported to have antibodies to MuLV as determined by an internally labeled banded virus radioimmunoprecipitation assay. In comparison studies with purified R-MuLV proteins, 7 of 20 patients formed antibodies: 3/20 to R-MuLV p30 only, 1/20 to R-MuLV glycoprotein (gp) 70 only, and 3/20 to both p30 and gp70. Most responders were melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy with BCG. Additionally, rhesus monkeys produced antibodies to the endogenous cat virus RD114 and closely related endogenous baboon leukemia virus p30's. Thus these studies demonstrated the ability of primates (including humans) to form antibodies to well-characterized proteins from endogenous and exogenous type-C viruses and the potential utility of these assays for seroepidemiologic studies.
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