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Biomedical subjects

M Weninger

Publications and source records attributed to M Weninger.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Relation between pulsed and continuous Doppler velocimetry of the anterior cerebral artery in newborn infants].

Continuous wave (cw) and pulsed wave (pw) Doppler velocimetry are both used to measure blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries. We examined whether data obtained with the two methods are interchangeable and equally useful for clinical application. We studied 20 infants at an age between 1 day and 2 1/2 months and a body weight between 1.2 and 3.4 kg. Cw Doppler measurements were performed using an Angiomatic (Medimatic) and pw measurements using a Mark 600 Duplex Scanner (ATL). We applied both methods within an interval as short as possible. For the data analysis the pulsatility index (PI) was used, a parameter fairly independent of the emission angle. PI was 0.66 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SD) using the cw and 0.8 +/- 0.08 using the pw method. The linear correlation between the pulsatility indices obtained with the cw and the pw method respectively was statistically significant (r = 0.53, n = 20, p less than 0.0025), the variation around the regression line rather large. The slope of the regression line differed significantly from that of the identity line (y = 0.391x + 0.54). Therefore the PI values obtained with the two methods are not interchangable and require to be judged according to normal values. Both methods, however, yield PI values which correlate and can thus be equally used. The choice of the method rather depends on the goal to be achieved. The pw method seems to be more suitable for precise momentaneous descriptions and the cw method for continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1987

Increase of serum lipids and serum lipoproteins in girls under therapy with estrogen and norethisteron for height reduction.

The effect of a combined treatment with ethinyl estradiol and norethisteron for height reduction on serum lipids and lipoproteins was investigated in 23 excessively tall girls (greater than 97th percentile). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C were determined before and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the onset and 3 to 12 months after cessation of therapy. Treatment with ethinyl estradiol and norethisteron resulted in significant (p less than 0.01) mean increases in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C of 20.6%, 95.5%, 23.6%, and 22.2% above pretreatment values, respectively. This increase occurred during the first 3 months of therapy and thereafter no further significant change was observed. After cessation of therapy elevated levels returned to pretreatment levels within 3 to 12 months in all but two patients. The results obtained suggest an influence of ethinyl estradiol and norethisteron on serum lipids and lipoproteins. Whether these reversible changes of serum lipids and lipoproteins are associated with an increased risk for developing atherosclerosis has to be evaluated in long term investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Determination of urinary low molecular weight proteins for the diagnosis of tubular damage.

The low molecular weight proteins alpha-1-microglobulin, beta-2-microglobulin and retinol binding protein were estimated in 32 healthy children and compared to 81 urine samples of children with tubular damage. Tubular damage was diagnosed clinically and established on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Means for healthy children were: beta-2-microglobulin (b2m) 109 +/- 77 micrograms/l, alpha-1-microglobulin (alpha-1-m) 0.39 +/- 0 mg/dl, retinol binding protein (rbp) 0.49 +/- 0 mg/dl. Means for children with tubular damage were: b2m 16952 +/- 20057 micrograms/l, alpha-1-m 3.51 +/- 2.09 mg/dl and rbp 2.75 +/- 2.83 mg/dl. Comparing the groups using Student's t test revealed significant differences between healthy children and those with tubular disorders for each of the methods applied (b2m: t = 4.73, p = less than 0.0001, alpha-1-m: t = 8.43, p = less than 0.05, rbp: t = 4.5, p = less than 0.0001). The three methods did not correlate significantly to each other. Alpha-1-microglobulin showed tubular damage in 71 out of 81 patients, beta-2-microglobulin in 64 out of 81 and retinol binding protein in 41 out of 81 children with tubular disorders. The determination of b2m and alpha-1-m is useful for screening and diagnosis of tubular disorders in contrast to the estimation of the retinol binding protein. Cost/time effectiveness is being discussed.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1987

Value of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, small molecular weight proteins and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein for the diagnosis of tubular damage.

The low molecular weight proteins alpha-1-microglobulin, beta-2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were estimated in 31 healthy children and compared to 81 urine samples of children with tubular damage (TD). The tubular damage was diagnosed clinically and established by beta-2-microglobulin determination. Means for healthy children were: beta-2-microglobulin 109 +/- 77 micrograms/l, alpha-1-microglobulin 0.39 +/- 0.0 mg/dl, retinol binding protein 0.49 +/- 0.0 mg/dl, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 0.69 +/- 0.0 mg/dl. Means for children with TD were: beta-2-microglobulin 8530 +/- 14693, alpha-1-microglobulin 2.98 +/- 2.28 mg/dl, retinol binding protein 1.68 +/- 2.44 mg/dl and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2.79 +/- 3.44 mg/dl. Comparing the panel of healthy children with sick children (TD) we found the following: b2m t = 3.2, p = less than 0.0005, a1m t = 6.5, p = less than 0.0005, rbp t = 2.65, p = less than 0.0005, a-1-agp t = 3.4, p = less than 0.005. a1m revealed tubular damage in 77 out of 81 tubular disorders, the rbp in 25 out of 81 and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein showed tissue damage or inflammation in 33 out of 81 patients. SDS-PAGE revealed tubular damage in 46 out of 81 patients with TD. We can assay that alpha-1-microglobulin is a useful marker for tubular damage. The determination of retinol binding protein and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein is useless for this purpose. The SDS-PAGE, though a potent tool for the differential diagnosis between glomerular or tubular damage, alone is not a reliable assay for the diagnosis of TD.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1987

Acute renal failure in children. An ultrasonographic-clinical study.

Acute renal failure (ARF) may be due to obstructive uropathy or renal parenchymal disease. Twenty-five children with acute renal failure secondary to renal parenchymal disease underwent ultrasonographic examination of the kidneys. Changes of renal size and cortical echogenicity were correlated with renal function. All patients presented with bilaterally enlarged kidneys with the exception of those in the neonatal age group (12%). Improvement in renal function resulted in normalization of renal size. With regard to cortical echogenicity two groups were formed. Group A comprised 11 patients whose kidneys had the same echogenicity as the liver, while in group B the kidneys were more echogenic (14 patients). Cortical echogenicity was always increased. Determination of creatinine levels showed a statistically significant difference between group A (3.32 mg% +/- 1.40 S.D.) and group B (5.95 mg% +/- 1.96 S.D.), p less than 0.001. Changes in renal function were paralleled by rapid changes in renal size and cortical echogenicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Dermatoglyphics and creases in patients with neurofibromatosis von Recklinghausen.

Fingerprint and palmar dermatoglyphics and creases were investigated in 60 patients (20 males and 40 females) with generalized neurofibromatosis. Like previous investigators, we found a significantly increased frequency of digital central pocket patterns. Furthermore, affected males and females had an increased frequency of monocentric whorls (P = 0.0037), higher quantitative values on digit II of both hands (P = 0.04), more often a reduction of main line C (P less than 0.05) with decreased frequencies of patterns in the 3rd and 4th interdigital area of the left hand (P less than 0.05), and a lower ab ridge count (males P less than 0.005; females P less than 0.001) than control individuals. On the right hand of males the frequency of high endings (5' or 5'') of line A was decreased (P less than 0.05). A significantly increased frequency of Sfl (Sydney line) was found in female patients (P less than 0.001). Male and female patients often showed a high number of secondary creases (P less than 0.001).

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis of an aneurysm of the great cerebral vein of Galen using duplex sonography].

The combination of two-dimensional sonography of the skull and pulsed Doppler measurements (= Duplex-scan-technique) was used to detect an aneurysm of the vein of Galen in a three months old infant, who presented with clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Excellent correlation of sonography with computed tomography and intravenous digital subtraction angiography could be demonstrated. A short review of the pathological and clinical findings of this lesion is given. The value of Duplex-scanning in the diagnostic approach of arterio-venous malformations of the brain in comparison with other radiological methods is discussed.

Cerebral Veins↗
PubMed1986

Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis as cause of intestinal obstruction in a five-day-old newborn.

The case report is presented of a newborn that developed pseudomembranous colitis and intestinal obstruction after antibiotic therapy with cefoxitin and gentamicin in the first week of life. At laparotomy on the fifth day a complete obliteration of the descending colon by pseudomembranes was encountered. After resection of the diseased segment the recovery was uneventful. We believe this case is the first to be published of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis causing intestinal obstruction.

Cefoxitin↗
PubMed1985

Regional heat loss in newborn infants. Part I. Heat loss in healthy newborns at various environmental temperatures.

In 17 newborn infants (gestational age 33-40 weeks, birthweight 1 100-5 560 g) heat flux (HF) from the forehead, chest and calf was measured by HF transducers and heat loss (HL) from those body regions was calculated, taking into account variations in surface area. Both HF and HL were related to operative environmental temperature (Top). Average HF from the forehead, chest and calf was 63.3, 51.5 and 45.7 W/m2 respectively at a Top of 31.2 degrees C and increased by 100%, 66% and 50% as the Top fell to 27.5 degrees C. HL from the head, trunk and limbs contributed about one-third each to total dry HL. These data, in the form of regression equations, permit assessment of heat loss from the various body regions of individual neonates in any thermal environment.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1984

Central pockets in dermatoglyphic analysis: classification, frequency, twin and family data.

Central pockets were defined as small, loop-enclosed whorls whose quantitative values must not exceed the third part of the quantitative value of the loop or as small, whorl-like patterns in the core of a loop having at least one curved ridge with its convexity towards the opening of the loop. Applying this classification scheme, the frequency of central pockets was found to be 17.5% in 200 males and 17.0% in 200 females, but was significantly higher in a sample of 21 male and 22 female pairs of MZ twins (33.2% and 34.1%, respectively). Twin as well as family data (94 families with 269 children) pointed to a rather weak hereditary influence upon the formation of central pockets. Rudimentary central pockets occurred in 9.5% of males and 10.0% of females. Since no common genetic basis could be established for central pockets and rudimentary central pockets, the latter should not be scored as central pockets.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1984

[Real-time sonography of the skull in the newborn].

The results of 293 examinations of the skull by sonography in 170 newborn are presented. In 73 patients the results could be compared with the findings on CT or at post mortem. In 48%, abnormal sonograms of the skull were obtained, due to congenital abnormalities, hydrocephalus or intracerebral bleeds. High accuracy and wide application make real time sonography the diagnostic procedure of first choice for the examination of the brain of the newborn. An attempt has been made to determine the optimum time for the examination and suitable intervals for follow-up.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1984

[Somatomedin activity in Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome].

Two patients with Wiedemann-Beckwith-Syndrome and neonatal hypoglycemia are reported. The etiology for the impaired glucose metabolism has not been elucitated as yet. In some patients pancreatic islet-cell hyperplasia resulting in hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia was suspected. Increased somatomedin activity was also proposed. We have measured somatomedin concentrations in both patients by bioassay and radioimmunoassay and found normal or slightly reduced plasma levels with both methods.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1983

[Endocrine studies on the Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome: puberty induction in a 19-year-old boy after long-term treatment with an LHRH analog].

In two girls (14 and 16 years) and one boy (19 years) with PLW-syndrome and pronounced obesity (240, 210 and 77% overweight) endocrine function tests were carried out. Growth hormone secretion was decreased but normalized after reduction of weight. Thyroxin levels as well as basal and TRH stimulated TSH concentrations were normal. HCG application in the boy induced no rise of the normal basal testosterone levels. Oral glucose tolerance test demonstrated an increased stimulation of insulin in two cases, no other symptoms of diabetes mellitus were found. In the LHRH test an insufficient rise of gonadotropins was found. However, after two weeks of pernasal application of an LHRH analogue (D-Leu6-des-Gly10-EA) the gonadotropin stimulation was distinctly improved and onset of puberty was induced in the male patient. These results are indicative of a hypothalamic disturbance in patients with PLW-syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Determination of serum concentrations of aminoglycosides in the monitoring of therapy in neonates. I. Gentamycin].

We studied the serum concentrations of gentamicin by radio-immuno-assay in 22 sick prematures (birth weight 1713 +/- 469 g, prenatal age 33 +/- 3 weeks, postnatal age 12 +/- 9 days) receiving 2.5 mg/kg bid. Bactericidal concentrations were present in 91% but only 50% had normal serum concentrations and gentamicin half-lives. Gentamicin half-life decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) with postnatal age but there was no statistically significant correlation between gentamicin serum concentration and gestational age or birth weight. We therefore recommend 1. gentamicin serum concentrations to be monitored routinely in therapy of prematures especially in the first week of life, 2. to expand the dosage interval up to 18 hours (which is about the threefold half-life) in prematures during the first week of life.

Gentamicins↗
PubMed1981

Dermatoglyphics and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Finger tip and palmar dermatoglyphics of 37 female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were compared to 100 female controls; patients and controls were native inhabitants of the Eastern part of Austria. SLE patients had a significantly higher frequency of low endings of line A on both hands, and-on the left hand-significantly more patterns in the fourth and fewer patterns in the third interdigitum. There was no association between these dermatoglyphic features and the HLA antigens (B8 an DRw3), which occurred most frequently in our SLE patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Reduction of main line C.

Fifteen hundred palmar prints of normal persons and patients suffering from various diseases were studied and classified as to dermal ridge configurations at the base of digit IV, after the exclusion of main line C courses with endings at one of the palmar marginal regions. This classification scheme, based on the three classical reduction forms of line C (O,X(8),x), resulted in the differentiation of three main groups, A, B, and C. Within these main groups, pattern types with strong similarity were combined to subgroups allowing an easier documentation. Twin and family data were used to test whether the described pattern types, besides the classical abortive states O,X and x of line C (called special and intermediate forms), are heritable and for which of them a remarkable reduction tendency could be established. The results allow us to confirm the main grouping and the assumed reduction tendency of the special forms of group A.

Dermatoglyphics↗