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Biomedical subjects

M Weber

Publications and source records attributed to M Weber.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/day) after aortocoronary bypass surgery: a placebo-controlled trial.

The effect of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/day) upon bypass patency-rate and clinical course after aortocoronary bypass surgery was investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients with 143 distal anastomoses of bypasses were randomized, 46 underwent repeat angiography after 4 months. Using the intention to treat-strategy, treatment was superior to placebo as judged by bypass patency rate and occurrence of cardiovascular complications or death. Counting the six drop-outs as failures, only nine of the 31 patients of the placebo group, but 16 of the 29 patients of the treatment group were considered successes (P less than 0.04). Eighteen patients in the placebo group and eight patients of the treatment group received beta-adrenoceptor blockers postoperatively, suggesting again a favourable effect of the treatment. Adverse drug reactions were very rare and minor. Supported by pathophysiological insights and positive trends in similar trials, the positive result justifies the recommendation of prescribing 100 mg of acetylsalicylic acid once daily to all patients without contraindications after aortocoronary bypass surgery. The positive result of this trial warrants further clinical trials of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid for other indications in arterial diseases.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1984

Pergolide in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Pergolide, a long-acting central dopamine agonist, was used as monotherapy in 16 parkinsonian patients. A mean daily dose of 6.3 mg resulted in 73% improvement of parkinsonian disability. Clinical improvement after acute administration of one dose of pergolide was similar to that observed after levodopa plus a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor but at a dose 100 times lower (2.2 mg and 200 mg, respectively). The effect lasted twice as long (5 1/2 hours and 2 1/4 hours, respectively).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Use of a laser-Doppler electrophoresis method in bacteriology (preliminary results).

A new electrophoresis system using Laser Doppler velocimetry has been developed. This technic allows fast measurements, (1 minute) over a large number of particles (several thousand or more). Furthermore, the small size of the particles is no longer a limitation of the measurement. These qualities made it possible to study the electrokinetic properties of cells. In this paper the authors present the first application obtained on different types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) submitted to five antibiotics (gentamycin, minocyclin, cephalotin, spiramycin, sobramycin). After four hours of incubation at 37 degrees C, important decreases of electrophoretic mobility were observed on bacteria treated with antibiotics to which they were sensitive. On the other hand, no significant modification appeared on bacteria treated with antibiotics to which they were not sensitive. In conclusion, the electrophoretic mobility test seems to be useful to study the response of bacteria to antibiotics and perhaps could be used to set antibiograms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Micromethod for colony growth of erythroid and granulocytic cell colonies in glass capillaries.

Mononuclear cells of peripheral blood were cultured in glass capillary tubes under various conditions. The highest number of granulopoietic colonies was found with 5 X 10(4) cells per capillary and 10% conditioned medium. The growth of erythroid colonies did not depend on erythropoietin linearly, but a good correlation was found between the number of cells and the erythropoietin concentration respectively when the single erythroid precursor cells were counted on the slides. The highest yield of erythroid cells was noted at 0.5 U erythropoietin at all cell concentrations.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

[Drug eruptions caused by lithium salts].

The systemic complications of therapy with lithium are well known, but toxidermia has only been recognised since 1968. The carbonate (Teralithe) is the lithium salt which is mainly responsible, leading to minor dermatoses: oedema, pruritus, alopecia, urticaria, purpura, allergic vasculitis, pretibial ulceration. Some more specific conditions have been individualised by their severity and rarity: acne form eruptions, seborrheic dermatitis, follicular keratoses and psoriasis-like dermatosis as well as true psoriasis induced or aggravated by lithium. The authors review the literature and discuss the pathogenesis of these toxidermias. The cause of some dermatoses can be explained, especially the allergic vasculitis and psoriasis lesions. The underlying mechanism of most of these conditions remains unknown, but excessive tissue concentrations of the drug probably play an important role in inducing these complications.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

Sonography of arteriovenous fistulae in hemodialysis patients.

In 88 chronic hemodialysis patients with clinically presumed fistula or graft complications the vascular access was investigated by ultrasonography. In 18 patients stenoses of the fistulae, in 24 patients partial or complete thrombosis, in 7 patients aneurysms and in 4 patients perivascular hematomas could be demonstrated precisely by ultrasonographic images. In 17 patients the preoperative sonography corresponded well with intraoperative findings. No sufficient information was obtained in cases of intra-luminal vessel diameters smaller than 3 mm. In complications or malfunctions of the vascular access of hemodialysis patients, noninvasive ultrasonography is suggested as the initial imaging procedure.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1984

[The microcomputer in bacteriology. Value in the automated performance of antibiograms in hospitals].

In microbiology, most computerization is carried out by means of important centralized computers. On the contrary, our work is based upon the use of inexpensive microcomputers. We have developed general programs for the acquisition of data, their correction, and retrieval of lists arranged according to desired parameters (hospital department, germ, or sample) and various statistics, especially with respect to germ sensitivity. This system has been used on a routine basis since April 1982 in the Bacteriology Laboratory of Nancy University Hospital. It could easily be adapted to other laboratories and could provide a wide range of essential epidemiological data on the resistance of bacterial strains to antibiotics and their evolution with time.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

[Ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant lymphomas].

Optimal treatment of a malignant lymphoma demands accurate staging at the time of first diagnosis. In addition, it is mandatory to perform reproducible therapy control and closely meshed follow-up care. In this connection, sonography occupies an unrivalled place as a non-invasive, relatively uncomplicated and economical examination method. The ranking depends in individual cases on the diagnostic importance and informative value of rival methods, such as lymphography and computed tomography.

Hepatomegaly↗
PubMed1984

[The significance of computer tomography in the diagnosis, planning, therapy planning and control of the therapy of malignant lymphomas].

Staging of malignant lymphomas is significantly improved by computed tomography. This method not only visualizes enlarged lymph nodes, but also enables the assessment of organs which could also be affected within the overall underlying disease. Accuracy of diagnosis of computed tomography is between 80 and 95%, depending upon the examined area. The distance between the cuts, as well as contrast enhancement of the intestine and the vessels are major factors in promoting the accuracy of diagnosis. In addition, computed tomography represents a safe and non-invasive tool in therapy planning and control.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1984

[Livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accidents].

The authors report the case of three middle-aged women admitted to the hospital because of cerebro-vascular accidents, in whom examination disclosed idiopathic livedo reticularis. This association has only been described recently, but does not seem fortuitous; some of the clinical manifestations are characteristic, but the histology is usually nonspecific and the basic abnormality remains unknown. The main problem is prognostic and therapeutic. In an attempt to prevent the neurological defects, tobacco and contraception should not be permitted to female patients showing widespread acquired livedo reticularis; high blood-pressure should be treated systematically.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Optimizing therapeutic success in aortocoronary bypass operations].

Left ventricular function improves after aortocoronary bypass operation in 80% of preoperative postextrasystolic reversible asynergic segments, but this usually does not occur in preoperative postextrasystolic irreversible segments. Improvement is often seen even without revascularisation of the corresponding vessel, when a bypass to another stenosed vessel enables enhanced collateral flow. Therefore, it is recommended to graft as many stenosed vessels as possible, even those corresponding to postextrasystolic irreversible segments, to provide beneficial effects in other segments. To achieve a real complete revascularisation, vessels with about 50% stenosis or total occlusion should also be bypassed. For multiple stenosed vessels sequential graft technique is recommended. In lesions not suitable for grafting an endarterectomy should be performed however the risk of intraoperative infarction should be considered. Platelet inhibition after bypass operation results in a significant increase of patency rate. Low dose acetylsalicylic acid is the treatment of choice and should be started very early postoperatively.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1983

[Sonographic findings in analgesic nephropathy].

Demonstration of circular papillary calcifications in renal sonography, frequently combined with urinary retention and reduction of kidney size, can be used as evidence of analgesic nephropathy. This previously not described sonomorphologic pattern was observed in 8 out of 10 patients on dialysis treatment with previously known abuse of analgesics and in 5 out of 8 patients with compensated reduction of renal function and established abuse of analgesics. In addition, this sonographic pattern was also reported in 6 patients with increased serum creatinine concentration of unknown origin. This resulted in detection of a previously unknown abuse of analgesics.

Analgesics↗