Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Waxman

Publications and source records attributed to M Waxman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Accuracy of self-reports of food intake.

Six boys reported their food intake with a surprising degree of accuracy, although they tended to overestimate at low levels and underestimate at high levels. Stimulated by this finding, the authors reviewed the literature and found six validated self-reports of food intake among adults and five among children. Most studies were small, but they reported similar findings. Because of the important policy implications, research is needed with larger and more representative samples to determine if self-reports of food intake are as accurate as they seem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ectopic pregnancy. A prospective study on differential diagnosis.

This study analyzes the clinicopathologic findings in patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP), and deals with the differential diagnosis of the EP, intrauterine pregnancy (IUP), and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). We evaluated 346 patients with suspected EP. Among those, 119 patients had EP, 82 had IUP, and 55 had PID without pregnancy. The incidence of EP was 1/32.9 live births. Comparing with the other groups, the patients with EP were slightly older, gave a history of previous pregnancies, had acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fainting, and had direct and rebound abdominal tenderness, pain on motion of the cervix, absence of a pelvic mass, and bilateral adnexal or cul de sac fullness. Culdocentesis was accurate in 95.1% of EP cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 89.9% of the patients with EP. The patients with EP had gross evidence of PID at the surgery in 31% and microscopic evidence of tubal inflammation in 19.4% of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ectopic pregnancy. A retrospective study of 501 consecutive patients.

We reviewed the records of 501 patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP) seen at the Kings County Hospital during a five-year period (January 1973-December 1977). Our population characteristics and anamnestic data correlated well with those reported in the literature, except for lower incidence of a previous pelvic infection. Abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding were the most common presenting symptoms. While the ultrasound studies demonstrated adnexal masses of a non-specific nature, the laparoscopy constituted an accurate diagnostic tool. Ruptured EP was found in 339 patients (67.6%). Salpingectomy only was the mode of treatment in 369 cases (73.6%). In 28.4% of the cases there a microscopic evidence of chronic inflammatory changes of the tube. There were two fatalities. This study appears to indicate an increasing incidence of EP in our institution, along with, and despite, a decreasing frequency of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease in these patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

The significance of residual disease after radiotherapy in endometrial carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlation.

The extent and location of residual disease after radiotherapy in 91 patients with early invasive endometrial carcinoma was related to tumor grade, clinical stage, and outcome. In 20% the grade (according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) differed in curettage and hysterectomy specimens. In at least 12% the clinical stage was unreliable. Death from endometrial carcinoma was significantly more frequent in patients with residual disease after radiotherapy than in those without residual disease. The poorest prognostic features were blood vesel invasion in the myometrium, irrespective of depth of invasion, and residual disease outside the uterus. Treatment of endometrial carcinoma should be based on accurate knowledge or prognostic features determined by initial surgery.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Coordinated micropinocytotic activity of adjacent neuronal membranes in mammalian central nervous system.

Neuropil from a number of sites in both mammalian and inframammalian species were examined by electron microscopy. Complex micropinocytotic invaginations in which a tongue of cytoplasm extended into the endocytotic indentation of the cell membrane, were observed in all tissues. These complex membrane infoldings occurred at both chemical and electrotonic synapses. Coated invaginations of apposed membranes, at which infoldings occurred directly opposite each other, were also observed at the interfaces between neighboring dendrites. These observations indicate that micropinocytotic membrane infoldings involving the coordinated activity of adjacent neuronal membranes occur in a wide variety of tissues. Coordinated exocytosis/endocytosis may provide a mechanism for interneuronal bulk transport of material, both at synapses and at non-synaptic sites, in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Caloric intake and expenditure of obese boys.

Caloric intake and expenditure of children in four families were assessed by nonparticipant observations of family dinners and school lunches. In each family there were one obese boy and one nonobese brother whose ages were within two years of each other. For family dinners the nonobese brother served as a control; for school lunches, a nonobese peer served as a control. The obese boys consumed more calories (766 +/- 290) than did their nonobese brothers at dinner (504 +/- 183) and far more (907 +/- 217) than their nonobese peers at lunch (500 +/- 386). The obese boys also ate faster (65.7 +/- 37.0 kcal/minute) than their brothers at dinner (31.7 +/- 13.8 kcal/minute) and far faster (103.5 +/- 40.9 kcal/minute) than their nonobese peers at lunch (46.2 +/- 22.5 kcal/minute). Time-sampled activity assessments showed the obese boys far less active than their controls inside the home, slightly less active outside the home, and equally active at school. When these activity values were converted into energy expenditure by measurement of oxygen consumption, obese boys expended more calories in moving than did their controls; as a result, there was no difference in energy expenditure between obese and nonobese boys at home and greater energy expenditure outside the home and at school. Increased intake, thus, and not decreased caloric output maintained the obesity of these four boys. In this respect, obesity in childhood may differ from obesity in adult life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Implanted placental tissue simulating uterine fibroids ("inverted placental polyp").

We describe a unique case of products of conception retained in the myometrium, and producing masses which were misdiagnosed as uterine myomas. To our knowledge, no similar case has been reported previously. The etiology of this phenomenon is thought to be an artificial implantation of the placental tissue at the time of curettage.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1979

Pure and mixed Brenner tumors of the ovary: clinicopathologic and histogenetic observations.

Fifty-six Brenner tumors of 51 patients were analyzed. The incidence of bilaterality was 9.8%. Most tumors were smaller than 2 cm, and constituted incidental finding. Most of the patients were 30-49 years old (mean 49.7, main 44). A high incidence of associated malignant neoplasms was noticed among the patients with Brenner tumor but was considered coincidental. No evidence of hormone secretion by the tumor was found. Out of 31 tumors, 27 occupied the cortex. Urothelial metaplasia of the ovarian surface epithelium was demonstrated in one case, and continuation of the Brenner column with the surface of ovary in another. There were 12 cases of mixed Brenner tumor in this series (21.1%). The most frequent associated constituents of the mixed Brenner tumors are mucinous cystadenomas. These tumors represent a single mixed neoplasm originating in a multipotential celomic cell which proliferates and differentiates into several mullerian forms. The histogenesis of medullary and hilar Brenner tumors can be explained on the basis of celomic metaplasia. Uncertainty persists in explaining the histogenesis of Brenner tumors mixed with mature cystic teratoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ovarian low-grade stromal sarcoma with thecomatous features: a critical reappraisal of the so-called "malignant thecoma".

A case of low-grade ovarian stromal sarcoma in a postmenopausal woman is described. Although pelvic recurrences of the tumor followed 5 and 7 years after the original surgery, the patient has remained well and without evidence of tumor 3 years since the last operation. Histopathologic, electronmicroscopic, and hormonal studies are described. There was evidence of estrogenic stimulation by the theca elements of the tumor in this patient. Cases previously reported in the world literature as malignant thecoma were analyzed, and most of them were considered inadequately documented; indeed most of them were probably either sarcomatoid granulosa cell tumors, stromal sarcomas, or fibrosarcomas. If a thecoma ever becomes malignant, the tumor cells dedifferentiate so that they cannot be recognized any longer as theca cells; instead, they proliferate as a stromal sarcoma or fibrosarcoma. It is proposed, therefore, that the term "malignant thecoma" not be used. On the other hand, very rare malignant ovarian stromal tumors do exist, consisting of undifferentiated stromal cells, fibroblasts, and theca cells, which can show evidence of hormonal activity.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Lysosomes in Brenner's tumor simulating secretory argentaffin granules.

Argentaffin cells were searched for in the epithelial nests of 30 Brenner's tumors, with the Fontana-Masson stain for the screening. Although these cells were found in five tumors, ultrastructural examination of one case, in which the argentaffin cells were multiple, identified the cytoplasmic granules as lysosomes and not as amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD)-type granules. We conclude that the epithelial component of Brenner's tumors consists of urothelium only and does not include the cells containing argentaffin APUD-type granules.

Brenner Tumor↗
PubMed1978

Corpus luteum hemorrhage. Cause of acute abdominal pain in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy.

Intra-abdominal bleeding from the corpus luteum developed in three women receiving anticoagulant treatment. In one of these patients, no other hemorrhagic manifestations were present. Bleeding from corpus luteum should be considered in differential diagnosis of low abdominal pain in women of reproductive age receiving anticoagulant therapy. The ovary has not been widely recognized as a site of hemorrhage complicating anticoagulant therapy, although abdominal bleeding in this location may be more common than previously thought. Thorough clinical studies are needed to establish the precipitating factors and true incidence of this complication.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Colonic necrosis complicating pancreatitis.

Bowel necrosis is an uncommon complication of pancreatitis. Two patients are reported who developed ileocecal and descending colon changes as a result of ischemia following severe pancreatitis. Arteriography in one patient confirmed the presence of intraluminal thrombi.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Chronotropic effect of acetylstrophanthidin infusion into the canine sinus nodal artery.

Studies were performed to determine the chronotropic effect of acetylstrophanthidin during constant infusion through cannulation of the sinus nodal artery. Ten mongrel dogs weighing 13.5 to 18 kg were studied under sodium thiamylal anesthesia. Epicardial atrial and ventricular electrograms were recorded. The sinus nodal artery was cannulated and infused for 20 minutes at a rate of 2 cc/min with a solution containing acetylstrophanthidin, 0.5 microng/cc. Mean results for the group of 10 animals were determined. There was a gradual acceleration of the atrial rate of 45 beats/min after 6 to 8 minutes of infusion. The peak atrial rate of 175 beats/min was achieved by 10 to 12 minutes. This tachycardia persisted for 2 to 4 minutes without atrioventricular block or premature beats. By 12 to 14 minutes, there was a gradual slowing of atrial rate followed by bradycardia, sinus pauses and atrial arrest. Sinus nodal arterial infusion of acetylstrophanthidin produces an initial positive chronotropic effect and, if maintained, a depression of atrial rate and, terminally, atrial arrest. The gradual time course of development and decline of the tachycardia suggests that the "paroxysmal" atrial tachycardia caused by digitalis excess is the result of enhanced pacemaker automatically rather than reentry, and thus is not truly paroxysmal.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Malignant germ cell tumor in situ in a cryptorchid testis.

A case of a malignant undifferentiated germ cell tumor in situ of an undescended testis diagnosed by needle biopsy is described. Four similar cases have been so far recorded in the literature, all of them in the infertile men with normally descended descended testes. Two of them developed embryonal carcinoma of testis 4 1/2 later and one had a concomitant seminoma. In a high-risk group of patients (atrophic testis, cryptorchidism), a needle biopsy of a testicle may discover malignancy in its very early phase of development (Stage 0), at which time an orchiectomy alone may be a curative treatment.

Adult↗