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Biomedical subjects

M Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to M Ueda.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Mandibular lengthening by distraction osteogenesis using osseointegrated implants and an intraoral device: a preliminary report.

PURPOSE: This study investigated an approach to distraction osteogenesis of the mandible using osseointegrated implants and an intraoral device. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five adult dogs were used for this experiment. After the extraction of the left mandibular premolar and molar teeth, two osseointegrated implants were placed. Abutment connection, attachment of the intraoral distraction device, and an osteotomy in the region between the implants were performed 3 months after implantation. The distraction was done at rate of 1 mm/day for 10 consecutive days to elongate the mandible 10 mm. The animals were killed 2, 3, and 4 weeks after the distraction was completed, and radiographic and histologic examinations were done. RESULTS: The longer the time after completion of distraction, the more uniform the new bone that was observed radiographically and histologically in the gap created by the distraction. The titanium implants remained stable during the course of mandibular lengthening. CONCLUSION: An intraoral device using osseointegrated dental implants can serve as a mechanism for distraction osteogenesis in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effect of 'bakumondo-to', a Chinese-Japanese herbal medicine, on cultured and dispersed salivary gland cells.

'Bakumondo-to', a Chinese-Japanese herbal medicine, has been used for patients with xerostomia in Japan. Although the efficacy of this medicine for xerostomia has been reported, the pharmacological basis was only partially understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the direct effect of Bakumondo-to on salivary gland cells using isolated and cultured cells. In the physiological experiment using the fluorescent dye fura-2, Bakumondo-to showed no direct effect on isolated parotid gland cells. On the other hand, Bakumondo-to, when applied to cultured salivary gland cells, showed enhancement effects on cell proliferation. After inspection by transmission electron microscopy, we concluded that Bakumondo-to did not show an increase in the number of secretion granules but did increase the mean size of secretion granules in parotid gland cells. These mechanisms, together with other in vivo effecters, may contribute to clinical efficacy.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1996

Probable BCG osteomyelitis of the hard palate: a case report.

A 4-year-old child with probable multifocal BCG osteomyelitis is reported. The lesions in the skull, clavicula, humerus, ribs, fibula, calcaneus, metatarsus, and hard palate were mainly osteolytic and healed rapidly with antituberculotic therapy. This is the first time that involvement of the hard palate has been described.

Antibiotics, Antitubercular↗
PubMed1996

Structural changes and cell viability of cultured epithelium after freezing storage.

Numerous clinical reports have shown the utility of cultured epithelial grafting in the field of plastic and reconstruction surgery. Recently, freezing storage of the cultured epithelium has been tried and has successfully grafted after thawing. It is clinically convenient if it is possible for cultured epithelium to keep its normal structure and viability. However, few papers have described the structural changes in cultured epithelium after freezing storage. In the present study, the morphological changes and cell viability of cultured mucosal epithelial sheets after freezing were studied in comparison with cultured epidermal sheets. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of storage temperature and cryoprotectants. As a result, there were some structural changes such as vacuolar degeneration in the cultured mucosal sheets using dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant. Such changes were more clearly observed at -80 degrees C than at -196 degrees C with DMSO. However, little morphological change was observed in both epithelial sheets cultured with glycerin. The cell viability analysed by flow cytometry showed that more than 62% of the cells kept their viability after freezing storage. These results suggest that the optimum conditions of freezing for cultured epithelium were -196 degrees C storage by slow cooling methods with glycerin as a cryoprotectant.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1996

Transplantation of cultured mucosal epithelium: an experimental study.

We investigated morphological changes after transplantation of cultured mucosal epithelium using a modified Barrandon's method (1988). Serially cultivated human mucosal epithelium was transplanted onto the reverse side of rectangular dorsal skin flaps in hairless mice. The morphological changes in the epithelium were studied using paraffin sections. The modified Barrandon's method used in this study has advantages such as minimum external trauma and less chance of infection. The cultured epithelium was taken within 1 week and gradually increased its epithelial thickness. Keratinized epithelium arises after 3 weeks. At 4 weeks after grafting, the grafted epithelium comprised 7-10 cell layers. The structure of transplanted tissue, in conjunction with surrounding connective tissues, showed dermis-like features at day 7 after transplantation. From these results, it was confirmed that cultured mucosal epithelium could be successfully transplanted and its morphology was similar to that of normal mucosal tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Response to immunosuppressive therapy and an HLA-DRB1 allele in patients with aplastic anaemia: HLA-DRB1*1501 does not predict response to antithymocyte globulin.

HLA-DRB1*1501, a subtype of HLA-DR2, has been shown to be closely associated with a good response to cyclosporine (CyA) therapy in patients with aplastic anaemia (AA). To determine whether this DRB1 allele can also predict a response to antithymocyte globulin (ATG) therapy in AA patients, we analysed the results of HLA-DRB1 typing in 59 Japanese patients who received ATG within 2 years after diagnosis of AA and also in 52 patients treated with CyA. All patients were divided into three groups: those with DRB1*1501, those with DRB1*1502, and those without either of these two alleles (DR2-). The response rate to ATG in DRB1*1501+ patients (56%) was not significantly higher than that in DRB1*1502+ patients (47%) and in the other DR2- patients (54%). In contrast, the response rate to CyA therapy in DRB1*1501+ patients (92%) was significantly higher than that in the DRB1*1502+ (41%) and in DR2- patients (57%). Multivariate analysis revealed that possessing DRB1*1501 was an independent factor significantly predictive of a good response to CyA. These results indicate that although identifying the DRB1*1501 allele in AA patients prior to therapy is predictive of a good response to CyA therapy, it does not have a predictive value for ATG therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Relative erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow at diagnosis of aplastic anaemia: a predictive marker for a favourable response to cyclosporine therapy.

Predicting the treatment response of aplastic anaemia (AA) is essential when considering cyclosporine (CyA) therapy among several treatment options, because it requires at least 2 months determine whether the therapy is beneficial to a patient with AA. To identify the characteristics of patients with AA who are likely to respond to CyA therapy we retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and bone marrow smears of patients treated with CyA. Among 30 patients who received the therapy for at least 3 months within 1 year after diagnosis of AA, and who had not been exposed to antilymphocyte or antithymocyte globulin, 16 (53%) responded with disease remission. CyA-responsive patients had a significantly higher ratio of erythroblasts to granulocytes (E/G ratio) in the bone marrow at the time of diagnosis as compared with patients refractory to therapy (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that a high E/G ratio ( > 0.6) was significantly associated with a good response to CyA (P = 0.03): 15 (83%) of the 18 patients with an E/G ratio > 0.6 responded, but only one (8%) of the 12 with an E/G ratio > or = 0.6 did. Although the presence of subclinical paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria was suspected from the relative erythroblastosis observed in the bone marrow of these patients, flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils in the peripheral blood failed to reveal neutrophils deficient for glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane proteins in all but one case. Identification of the presence of relative erythroid hyperplasia in he bone marrow when AA is diagnosed may help to predict a favourable response to CyA therapy, and therefore facilitate the selection of optimal therapy for AA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

An aminopeptidase inhibitor, bestatin, enhances gonadotrophin-stimulated ovulation in mice.

The role of aminopeptidases in follicular growth and/or ovulation in vivo was examined. We injected an inhibitor of cell-surface aminopeptidases, bestatin (4 mg/ml, 100 microliters), i.p. four times during 2 days into 20 day old female ICR mice, in which follicular growth and ovulation were stimulated by pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG, 5 IU) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG, 5 IU). The number of ovulated oocytes was estimated by counting the number of oocytes in the oviduct 19 h after HCG injection. The mean +/- SD number of ovulated oocytes in bestatin-treated mice was significantly higher than that in control mice [47.00 +/- 18.13 (n = 26) versus 35.90 +/- 10.14 (n = 28), P < 0.01]. To confirm the direct effect of bestatin on the ovary, bestatin (2 mg/ml, 3 microliters) or its stereoisomer (2 mg/ml, 3 microliters) with very weak inhibitory activity was unilaterally injected into the ovarian bursa 24 h before the administration of PMSG. As a control, buffer (3 microliters) was injected into the contralateral bursa. In some experiments, bestatin (2 mg/ml, 3 microliters) was injected just before HCG administration. The administration of bestatin via the ovarian bursa prior to PMSG administration significantly increased the number of ovulated oocytes per oviduct from the treated compared with the contralateral ovary [23.70 +/- 9.61 versus 17.10 +/- 5.83 (n = 25), P < 0.01], whereas its stereoisomer elicited no significant effects. The administration of bestatin just before HCG administration also had no effect. These findings indicate that membrane-bound peptidase(s) present on murine ovarian cells is an important regulating factor(s) of follicular growth and/or ovulation.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1996

Individual expression of Candida tropicalis peroxisomal and mitochondrial carnitine acetyltransferase-encoding genes and subcellular localization of the products in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In an n-alkane assimilating yeast, Candida tropicalis, carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT; EC 2.3.1.7) was localized in both peroxisomes and mitochondria. Both CATs were encoded by one gene, CT-CAT, although the initiation sites of translation were suggested to be different. In the present study, the genes corresponding to the supposed C. tropicalis peroxisomal and mitochondrial CATs, which were truncated from the CT-CAT gene, were individually expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using the C. tropicalis isocitrate lyase promoter (UPR-ICL), which is inducible by oleic acid in concert with proliferation of peroxisomes in S. cerevisiae [Umemura, K., Atomi, H., Kanai, T., Teranishi, Y., Ueda, M., and Tanaka, A. (1995) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 43, 489-492]. The 71 kDa precursor of mitochondrial CAT, initiating at the first Met, was found to be processed to the mature size (66 kDa) in S. cerevisiae and immunoelectronmicroscopical observation revealed that this enzyme was localized in mitochondria. On the other hand, 68 kDa CAT, initiating at the second Met (residue No. 19), had no cleavable signal and was translocated into peroxisomes and cytosol, but not into mitochondria. The amino-terminal amino acid sequences of individually expressed CATs were identical to those of CATs isolated from alkane-grown C. tropicalis cells, respectively. These results demonstrated that only the 71 kDa protein yielded the 66 kDa protein and that peroxisomal and mitochondrial CATs arose from the difference in the initiation sites of translation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

A differentiation antigen of human large luteal cells in corpora lutea of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy.

To investigate the mechanism(s) of luteal cell differentiation, we raised a monoclonal antibody, HCL-1, against human large luteal cells. The antigen was undetectable in growing and preovulatory follicles by immunohistochemistry. The antigen was initially detected on centrally located luteinizing granulosa cells during CL formation. During the midluteal phase, the antigen was expressed at high levels on large luteal cells. Large luteal cells in the CL during late luteal phase and early pregnancy also expressed high levels of HCL-1 antigen, whereas small luteal cells at any stage of the CL did not. Granulosa cells in some atretic follicles weakly expressed HCL-1 antigen. Immunofluorescence staining of enzymatically dispersed luteal cells from human mature CL revealed that HCL-1 antigen was present on the cell surface of large luteal cells. Human granulosa cells isolated from patients who had undergone in vitro fertilization treatment were cultured for 7 days. Indirect immunofluorescence detected HCL-1 antigen on only a few granulosa cells after culture for 1 day and on almost all granulosa cells after culture for 7 days. Flow cytometry of 7-day-cultured cells showed that the percentages of positivity for HCL-1 antigen as well as the mean fluorescence intensities of granulosa cells cultured with hCG (1 IU/ml) were significantly lower than those of the controls (without treatment) (44.3 +/- 3.2% vs. 62.9 +/- 4.0%. p < 0.01; 60.9 +/- 6.7 vs. 82.1 +/- 7.6, p < 0.05). By contrast, the mean fluorescence intensities of cells cultured with interleukin- 1 alpha (10 ng/ml, 105 +/- 6.3, p < 0.05) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (10 ng/ml, 112 +/- 11.2, p < 0.05) were significantly higher than those of controls. These findings showed that the cell surface antigen detected on human large luteal cells by HCL-1 was differentiation-related, and that large luteal cells in the CL of pregnancy are derived from granulosa cells via large luteal cells in the CL of the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Rapid diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by nested polymerase chain reaction.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia in postoperative patients. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: As a result of diffusion and abuse of third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics in the 1980s in Japan, an outbreak of MRSA infection has been posed. In the field of surgery, severe postoperative infections with MRSA such as MRSA bacteremia, which may lead to multiple organ failure, have emerged with a high mortality. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with high fever (above 38.5 C) or watery diarrhea or both within 2 weeks after gastrointestinal major surgery and 6 healthy volunteers were examined. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mecA and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) genes in blood specimens. RESULTS: The mecA and TSST-1 genes were not detected in the blood samples of any of the six healthy volunteers. In all 12 samples from which MRSA colonies were isolated by blood culture, mecA and TSST-1 genes were detected. Although it took at least 48 hours to identify MRSA by the blood culture method, the presence of mecA and TSST-1 genes was determined by nested polymerase chain reaction method within only 3 to 4 hours after blood sampling. CONCLUSIONS: This method, as a sensitive and rapid monitoring system for MRS bacteremia, would be clinically beneficial for prevention of cross infection and for early determination of appropriate treatment for infected patients.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1996

c-KIT receptor expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma and benign melanotic naevi.

To investigate the role of c-KIT receptor in melanocytic tumour development and progression, we analysed the expression and localization of c-KIT by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In contrast to the positive staining shown by melanocytes and naevus cells in the epidermis of common naevi (n=20), all dysplastic naevi (n=13) were negative, as were dermal melanocytic cells of blue naevi (n = 4) and common naevi (n = 26). Three out of four superficial spreading melanomas lost c-KIT expression both in the epidermal and dermal parts, while nodular melanomas showed no expression of c-KIT except in partially positive cells, and six out of seven metastatic melanomas were negative. In acral lentiginous melanomas (n = 8), in contrast to other types of melanoma, all cases with melanoma cells growing basally in the epidermis showed strong c-KIT positivity, but melanoma cells growing at the upper layers of the epidermis and vertically into the dermis lost c-KIT expression. Using the Western blot method on cultured pigment cells, human epidermal melanocytes, junctional naevus cells and one out of three metastatic melanoma cell lines showed 125 and 145 kDa bands corresponding to c-KIT, whereas dermal naevus cells did not. These results suggest that dysplastic naevi are distinct from ordinary naevi in terms of c-KIT expression and that basally growing cells in acral lentigenous melanomas could be at an initial stage of tumour progression, before c-KIT loss occurs.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of sialyl Lewisx antigen in the skin and the sera of patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

The roles of sialyl-Lewisx antigen were evaluated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Sialyl-Lewisx expression was investigated immunohistochemically in the epidermis of normal human skin and erythematous lesional skin of psoriasis vulgaris by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex procedures. A few sialyl-Lewisx positive dendritic cells were detected in the epidermis of normal human skin. In 7 out of 9 cases of psoriasis vulgaris, the number of sialyl-Lewisx-positive epidermal dendritic cells increased in the erythematous lesion over the adjacent normal skin; there were no marked changes in the numbers of CD1a-positive cells in the epidermis between the two skin types. In the double immunofluorescence studies, more than half of the sialyl-Lewisx-positive epidermal cells in psoriatic erythema were stained with a monoclonal Lag antibody that specifically reacts with Birbeck granules and related structures of human Langerhans cells. Furthermore, we determined the changes in serum levels of sialyl-Lewisx antigens in patients with psoriasis. Although levels in the sera were not significantly elevated over those of controls, the increases correlated with the degree of disease activity. These findings suggest that sialyl-Lewisx antigen is possibly involved in the development of psoriasis.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1996

Differential regulation of HLA-DR expression and antigen presentation in Toxoplasma gondii-infected melanoma cells by interleukin 6 and interferon gamma.

CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) clones, YT-4 and YT-9, specific for Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)-infected melanoma SK-MEL 28 (P36), were generated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of a patient with chronic toxoplasmosis. These CTL clones were shown to secrete significant amounts of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) upon antigen (Ag)-specific stimulation. Downregulation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR surface expression and HLA-DR mRNA levels in P36 cells were observed when P36 cells were infected with T. gondii. Such downregulated HLA-DR expressions of T. gondii-infected P36 cells were upregulated by treatment with both recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6) and recombinant IFN-gamma (rIFN-gamma). The antigen-presenting ability of T. gondii-infected P36 cells to T. gondii-infected cell-specific CTL was enhanced by rIFN-gamma but not by rIL-6. The present study reveals the existence of differential regulation of HLA-DR expression and Ag presentation in T. gondii-infected melanoma cells by IL-6 and IFN-gamma.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effects of sex steroids and growth factors on migration and invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma SNG-M cells in vitro.

Biological effects of sex steroids (estradiol-17beta, E2; progesterone, P; medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA; Danazol, DZ) and growth factors (epidermal growth factor, EGF; transforming growth factor, TGF-alpha,beta) on migration and invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma SNG-M cells were investigated by haptotactic migration and haptoinvasion assay. The enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix by tumor cells was also examined. Tumor cell migration along a gradient of substratum-bound fibronectin was inhibited by 0.1-10 microM MPA and DZ, but promoted by 0.1-10 nM EGF and TGF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. E2, P and TGF-beta did not have any effect on the motility of tumor cells. These effects were also confirmed by wound assay. The invasive activity of SNG-M cells into reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) was inhibited by the presence of 0.1-10 microM MPA and DZ, but promoted by 0.1-10 nM EGF and TGF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. E2, P and TGF-beta did not have any effect on tumor cell invasion. The zymography of tumor-conditioned medium showed that the treatment of SNG-M cells with EGF and TGF-alpha resulted in the increase of the 68, 72 and 92 kDa type IV collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-2 and 9). Sex steroids and TGF-beta did not have significant effects on MMP-2 and 9. Stromelysin (MMP-3), also secreted by SNG-M cells, was not affected by sex steroids and growth factors. These results suggest that EGF and TGF-alpha act as positive regulators on the invasion process of endometrial adenocarcinoma cells, which may partly be associated with the induction of type IV collagenase secretion by tumor cells. The inhibitory effects of MPA and DZ on tumor cell invasion may depend at least partly on their inhibitory action on the motility of tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Disaccharide analysis of chondroitin sulfate in peri-implant sulcus fluid from dental implants.

We collected peri-implant sulcus fluid by capillary tubes from sites around titanium osseointegrated implants and determined the chondroitin sulfate released into the peri-implant sulcus fluid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Chondroitin sulfate was found in all peri-implant sulcus fluid samples, and its content was similar to that in gingival crevicular fluid obtained around natural teeth. The predominant unsaturated disaccharide isomer was delta Di-0S, followed by delta Di-4S. Delta Di-6S was present in trace amounts. The amount of delta Di-0S was greater in peri-implant sulcus fluid than in gingival crevicular fluid. Assaying chondroitin sulfate disaccharides in peri-implant sulcus fluid may be an effective method of monitoring the peri-implant condition of dental implants.

Chondroitin Sulfates↗
PubMed1996

Enzyme therapy of xeroderma pigmentosum: safety and efficacy testing of T4N5 liposome lotion containing a prokaryotic DNA repair enzyme.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disease in which patients are defective in DNA repair and are extremely sensitive to solar UV radiation exposure. A new treatment approach was tested in these patients, in which a prokaryotic DNA repair enzyme specific for UV-induced DNA damage was delivered into the skin by means of topically applied liposomes to supplement the deficient activity. Acute and chronic safety testing in both mice and humans showed neither adverse reactions nor significant changes in serum chemistry or in skin histology. The skin of XP patients treated with the DNA repair liposomes had fewer cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers in DNA and showed less erythema than did control sites. The results encourage further clinical testing of this new enzyme therapy approach.

Adolescent↗