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Biomedical subjects

M Tvrdek

Publications and source records attributed to M Tvrdek.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Sex differences in the incidence of orofacial clefts and the question of primary prevention in families with genetic risk.

Systematic registration of all children with orofacial clefts in Bohemia (Czech Republic) started at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Prague in 1964. A sample of 181 affected children with positive family histories (i.e. one of the parents had some type of orofacial cleft) was selected for the present study. The aim of this study was to follow the relation not only between the type of cleft in the child and in its parent, but also between the sex of the child and of the affected parent. Among children of mothers with cleft lip 68% were boys and only 32% were girls with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate. If the mother had cleft lip and palate, the same cleft type was found in 64% of boys and only 15% of girls. If the mother had cleft palate, the same cleft type was found in 37% of boys and 51% of girls. Very similar results were found for affected fathers and their children, with only one exception: among children of fathers with cleft lip and palate, the percentage of boys and girls with CLP was 43% and 40%, respectively. We can conclude that the cleft type in a child depends not only upon the cleft type present in the mother or father, but also upon the sex of the child. There was higher risk to have the orofacial cleft in sons of mothers with CL or CLP or fathers with CL and daughters of mothers or fathers with CP. The combination of the preconception choice of the sex of the baby with the ultrasonography method for the prenatal screening of malformations could decrease the risk delivering a child with an orofacial cleft in families with a genetic predisposition.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Chronic traumatic wounds of the leg.

The authors report the results of a retrospective study of the treatment of chronic defects of soft tissues and bones of the leg and foot with free muscle and musclecutaneous flaps. The study deals with the results of the use of the microsurgical techniques during the period of 11 years at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the 3rd Medical School in Prague. Discussed are the advantages and disadvantages of this technique as one the of possible therapeutic methods inclusive of the results obtained at the above mentioned department.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of defects and instable skin scars on heavily exposed parts of the leg.

The authors report a series of 41 patients subjected to a transfer of the sensitive fasciocutaneous flap to a defect or to instable skin scars on the leg. Described are immediate as well as longterm surgical results in relation to the sensitivity of the transferred flap and the condition of the donnor site of the flap.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

Free cross leg flap as a method of reconstruction of soft tissues defects.

Authors demonstrate on clinical cases the possibility of reconstruction of soft leg tissues by the use of the so called free cross flap. This method appears to be convenient in cases where there are no suitable recipient vessels within reach on the injured extremity and where the defect is of such an extent that the conventional cross flap does not provide sufficient amount of tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Internal mammary vessels as recipient vessels to the free TRAM flap.

For the reconstruction of the breast after mastectomy, it is possible to use the internal mammary artery and vein as recipient vessels. The authors consider their experience and some new knowledge gained on the basis of 53 cases. They try to promote the indisputable advantages of the use of the mentioned recipient vessels.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Maternal hyperthermia and infection as one of possible causes of orofacial clefts.

It has been proposed that the hyperthermia in pregnant women may be associated with birth defects in their offsprings. We analysed the retrospective interview data on probable febrile illness during critical period of orofacial clefts development in 992 mothers of boys and girls with three types of orofacial clefts--cleft lip, unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and cleft palate. A number of mother that gave the positive answer was relatively high and varied from 24% to 33%. There were no significant differences of the incidence of mother febrile illness between three groups of orofacial clefts in boys and girls. These data support presumption on the harmful effect of febrile illness during early pregnancy on craniofacial development.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1994

Importance of an early tissue transfer in the treatment of complicated injuries of lower extremities.

3rd degree fractures with extensive defects of soft tissues represent a major therapeutical problem. The technique of free tissue transfer makes it possible to adopt an active access to primary treatment to this injuries. Radical necrectomies may be performed without respect to the extent of the defect that will arise. The authors present their experience regarding an early coverage of the defect of the lower extremity by means of a free flap. The time period between the accident and tissue transfer as well as a suitable flap type are taken in consideration.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Ten years of replantation surgery at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Charles University Hospital, Prague.

The authors present results of the ten years replantation surgery centre at the department of plastic surgery in Prague. The presented series of patients includes 393 persons operated on because of amputation or ischaemic injury to the region of the upper extremity. The number of replantations and revascularisations in the individual years is analysed, as well as the age of the patients, type of injury, mechanism of injury and operation results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Use of free flaps in burn trauma.

The present currently used method of treating and reconstructing injuries caused by electric current and deep thermal injuries is compared with the method of early reconstruction using free flaps. Brief summary of present experience substantiating this method is presented. The three presented clinical cases show subacute reconstruction in this type of injury by free flaps transfer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sequelae of an injury from the Second World War treated by free flap transfer.

The authors present the case-history of patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the proximal third of the tibia-resulting from an injury during the Second World War. The defect of bone and soft tissues was treated by free transfer of a musculocutaneous flap. The behaviour of the flap in the osteomyelitic cavity is followed up and checked by repeated CT and NMR examinations.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

Reconstruction of a devastating electric injury: case-report.

In the submitted case-report the authors describe a combination of a reconstruction operation with an orthopaedic approach to a devastating injury of the shoulder and elbow in a 26-year-old patient after an electric current injury. The total extent of the skin damage was 13% T.B.S.A. with localization on the right side of the chest, right arm, left elbow and shoulder. After fascial excisions the proximal part of the humerus was amputated with fixation by means of cerclage to the scapula. This defect was covered with the musculus latissimus dorsi flap and the defect on the elbow was covered by a tube pedicle flap.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate.

In boys with a total unilateral cleft the course of eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth in the quadrant of the maxilla with the cleft was investigated and compared with the intact quadrant of the maxilla. The greatest retardation (two years) during eruption was found in deciduous and permanent second incisors in the maxillary quadrant affected by the cleft. This retardation is according to the authors associated with gross morphological changes such as duplication of the second incisor and its altered shape. The second upper permanent incisor erupts only in 60% of the patients and this can be explained by frequent hypodontia. Retarded eruption was observed also in the maxillary quadrant with the cleft in the permanent canine (one year), the first (one and a half year) and second permanent premolar (six months). In these teeth the crowns are not perceptibly malformed and the delayed eruption may be associated with lack of space in the hypoplastic quadrant of the maxilla on the side of the cleft. The permanent first incisor and permanent first and second molar erupt symmetrically in both maxillary quadrants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Long-term experiences with the two-stage palatoplasty with regard to the development of maxillary arch.

From our data on 46 patients operated on by one surgeon in 1961 and 1962 who were regularly examined up to adulthood, it may be concluded that the growth results of the two-stage palatoplasty, when the second stage is done before the patient is 7 years of age, are almost identical to the results of one-stage palate repair performed at the age of 3 to 4 years. However, a greater orthodontic effort is needed to achieve a properly aligned dentoalveolar arch with the two-stage palatoplasty.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

An extensive defect on the tibia covered by a free cross flap using m. latissimus dorsi.

Using a clinical case, the authors demonstrate the technique of covering an extensive tibial defect unmanageable, due to blood supply to the limb and extent of the defect, by conventional methods. The required amount of tissue was provided by a flap obtained from m. latissimus dorst transferred to the site of defect as a free cross flap.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1992

Multiple uses of the free radial forearm flap.

Presenting clinical cases, the authors show the variety of possible uses of the free radial forearm flap. They employ this sensory flap at sites of increased load such as the area of the planta pedis and in thumb reconstruction. Other potential uses include oesophageal and penile reconstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The technique of osteosynthesis in replantations of the upper limb.

The authors present their experience in osteosynthesis in replantations in the area of the wrist in 19 patients. For osteosynthesis they use external fixation device, type Poldi 7, which guarantees the stability not only during the microsurgical procedure but also over the whole period of healing. They point out the importance of the resection of both bones ends, i.e. the resection of the comminuted zone, as well as the importance of an extensive fasciotomy. In all patients but one healing was achieved without infection. The authors consider external fixation for the method of choice in the replantation in the wrist area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Breast reconstruction following mastectomy with pedicled and free TRAM flaps.

The authors present a group of nine patients after mastectomy. Breast reconstruction was performed by transposition (3) or by free transplantation (6) of a TRAM flap. Based on a review of literary reports, and on their own experience, the authors consider this procedure to be a reliable and effective method of breast reconstruction.

Adult↗