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Biomedical subjects

M Trautmann

Publications and source records attributed to M Trautmann.

133 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida isolates from patients with HIV infection and clinical results after treatment with fluconazole.

In an open-label controlled study 23 HIV-infected patients (CDC IV A-E) with documented oropharyngeal candidosis were treated with 100 mg fluconazole orally over 5 days (53 episodes; 1-6 treatments/patient). Efficacy data were compared with a control group of 21 patients who received treatment for 10-21 days with 100 mg fluconazole for candidosis. Candida isolates were repeatedly recovered from patients before and after treatment with fluconazole and antifungal susceptibility testing (microbroth-dilution) was done. Inoculum size, medium pH, incubation time and temperature were standardized. Up to 85% of patients responded to therapy clinically and mycologically. Candida albicans was the most important yeast (86%) isolated from cultures of oral washings. In 90% of C. albicans isolates MIC to fluconazole were low (< or = 1.56 mg/l). Primary resistance to fluconazole was not seen, but secondary resistance occurred in two cases clinically and in vitro (MIC > or = 25 mg/l). Short treatment for 5 days was as successful as for 10 to 21 days without leading to significantly more recurrences of oral candidosis in these patients. Selection of Candida spp. other than C. albicans (e.g. Candida krusei, Torulopsis glabrata) under repeated fluconazole treatment occurred rarely. One patient developed clinical signs of chronic recurrent candidiasis, where only C. krusei could be cultured repeatedly.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing of coagulase-negative staphylococci with special reference to netilmicin.

Antibiotic susceptibility of 171 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci from 66 preterm infants at a neonatal intensive care unit was tested by the microbroth dilution method. Results were interpreted according to DIN as well as according to NCCLS. Because of the bimodal distribution of MIC values within the CNS population tested, results of susceptibility interpretation according to DIN were identical to NCCLS with the exception of netilmicin (NCCLS: 89% susceptibility; DIN: 16% susceptibility). Since netilmicin is frequently used for treatment of infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, this difference may be of clinical significance.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum protein polymorphisms (HP; TF-, GC- and PI-subtypes) in Sardinia.

Haptoglobin (HP), transferrin (TF), group-specific component (GC) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (PI) polymorphisms have been studied in Sardinia and the following gene frequencies have been found: HP*1 = 0.389, TF*C1 = 0.754, TF*C2 = 0.213, TF*C3 = 0.032, GC*1F = 0.193, GC*1S = 0.546, GC*2 = 0.260, PI*M1 = 0.607, PI*M2 = 0.221, PI*M3 = 0.126, PI*S = 0.040 and PI*Z = 0.006. These findings confirm the genetic uniqueness of Sardinians compared to the other Italian populations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of TLSO bracing in the conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis.

A clear understanding of the effectiveness of the thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) as a conservative treatment for idiopathic scoliosis is still necessary. In the past few years, the review of pertinent literature has emphasized the lack of properly matched control studies and erroneous interpretations of results due to the use of univariate analysis. Also, in a previous controlled study evaluating the bracing of idiopathic scoliosis, the researchers mixed different types of braces and patients. Therefore, their findings were not specific to any kind of orthosis. In our study, we responded to these criticisms by providing a homogeneous group of patients with a control group and by conducting a multivariate analysis to assess the effectiveness of the TLSO. All the patients at the University Pediatric Hospital Scoliosis Clinic aged 8 through 15 with initial Cobb's angle between 20 and 40 degrees and evidence of progression were assessed. All the patients who used the TLSO and showed full compliance with treatment (n = 54) were compared with a control group. The control group consisted of the patients who needed the treatment with the brace but did not use it for several reasons (n = 47). Neither group showed significant differences in sex, initial age, initial Cobb's angle, menarche, Risser sign, or curve pattern. The mean follow-up period was 3.3 years after skeletal maturity. The results were analyzed using a multivariate analysis because the natural history of scoliosis is determined by multiple factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗