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Biomedical subjects

M Topilsky

Publications and source records attributed to M Topilsky.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Sulfasalazine pneumonitis.

A patient with ulcerative colitis developed skin allergy to sulfasalazine, manifested by rash urticaria and generalized angioedema. The patient underwent desensitization with the drug. After desensitization, the drug was reinstituted without any adverse skin reaction. However, 2 months later the patient developed a severe pneumonitis that resolved completely on discontinuation of sulfasalazine and administration of steroids. The relationship between the various adverse reactions to the drug is discussed and the entity "sulfasalazine pneumonitis" is reviewed.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1985

Effect of in vitro colchicine and oral theophylline on suppressor cell function of asthmatic patients.

Extrinsic asthmatic patients have been reported to have a deficiency of concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor cell function. We tested whether in vitro colchicine and oral theophylline can correct this immunoregulatory abnormality. Asthmatic patients' mononuclear cells were incubated with Con A and/or colchicine and then suppression of proliferation was measured by coculture of these cells with healthy volunteers' mononuclear cells and phytohaemagglutinin. The Con A induced suppressor cell function of 29 theophylline treated patients (26 +/- 16%, mean +/- s.d.) was significantly (P less than 0.002) increased as compared to 21 untreated patients (12 +/- 10%) but significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased as compared to 45 healthy volunteers (39 +/- 17%). A pharmacological concentration (10(-8) M) of colchicine had no significant effect on Con A-induced suppressor cell function of 19 untreated patients (from 12 +/- 9% to 9 +/- 22%) but significantly (P less than 0.05) increased Con A-induced suppressor cell function of 20 theophylline treated patients (from 26 +/- 17% to 36 +/- 19%). Thus asthmatic patients have decreased Con A-induced suppressor cell function which is partially corrected by oral theophylline and almost completely corrected by oral theophylline plus in vitro colchicine. This synergistic effect raises the possibility that oral colchicine together with theophylline may be useful in treating patients with extrinsic asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Segregation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in sarcoidosis according to their affinity to insolubilized histamine.

Using a method based on the differential affinity of mononuclear cells to insolubilized histamine, we were able to distinguish several differences in the composition of T cell subpopulations between healthy control subjects and sarcoidosis patients. In 5 of 10 patients with sarcoidosis, the ability of T cells to respond to three mitogens was severely depressed, while in the remaining 5 it was similar to the response of normal subjects. After the elimination of a subpopulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that adhered to the histamine column, the response to mitogens of the unbound cells of normal control subjects was significantly lower than values obtained before separation. The histamine-unbound lymphocytes of the five patients with active sarcoidosis, whose unseparated PBMC responded poorly to mitogens, reacted significantly better to the mitogens than before the separation. This pattern of responsiveness has been previously only in PBMC of patients with autoimmune diseases. It seems that some patients with sarcoidosis possess a subpopulation of T-lymphocytes with suppressor activity and a specific affinity to insolubilized histamine, the elimination of which restores the level of response to almost normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of colchicine on T cell subsets of healthy volunteers.

We examined the effect of oral colchicine (1-2 mg/day) on four healthy volunteers' T cell subsets. Colchicine significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased the mean (+/- SD) percent of OKT3+ total T cells (from 70 +/- 16 to 47 +/- 13), OKT4+ helper/inducer T cells (from 44 +/- 9 to 24 +/- 6), and OKT8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T cells (from 27 +/- 7 to 17 +/- 7), but did not significantly affect the OKT4:OKT8 ratio (from 1.64 +/- 0.21 to 1.48 +/- 0.45) or concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell function (from 44 +/- 9% to 47 +/- 13%). Thus, colchicine non-selectively decreased the circulating helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Bronchodilating effect of cromolyn sodium in asthmatic patients at rest and following exercise.

A total of 27 patients with extrinsic asthma participated in a double-blind trial comparing the effect of nebulized cromolyn sodium and placebo on pulmonary function both at rest and after exercise. At rest, cromolyn sodium improved lung function. Compared to baseline, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) increased by 20.5 + 11.8% and 8.8 +/- 16.0% after cromolyn sodium and placebo, respectively. The difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Following drug administration immediately after completing six minutes of free running exercise, PEFR increased by 2.3 +/- 8.2% with cromolyn sodium, whereas a fall of 19.8 +/- 12.5% was observed with placebo. This difference is significant at the p less than 0.01 level. The results show that cromolyn sodium is capable of producing immediate bronchodilatation in asthmatic subjects, both at rest and following induction of bronchoconstriction by exercise. These findings suggest that cromolyn sodium may have mechanisms of action other than stabilizing mast cell degranulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis with impaired cellular immunity. Eight year survival without treatment.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG), a non-neoplastic lymphoreticular disorder, was diagnosed in a 65-year-old woman. Chest radiographs demonstrated bilateral lower lobe nodular infiltrates. Percutaneous needle biopsy of the lung showed an infiltrate composed of plasma cells, lymphocytes and large histiocytic-like cells. Impairment of cellular immunity was found by in vivo as well as by in vitro tests. The clinical condition of the patient has remained stable for the last eight years without specific treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Autoimmune antibodies in intrinsic (non-atopic) asthma.

Tests for autoimmune antibodies (AA) were carried out in 70 patients suffering from chronic obstructive disease of the airways and in 18 healthy subjects, who served as a control group. AA were found in 55% of the patients with intrinsic asthma as compared to 21% of those with extrinsic asthma, 25% of the patients with bronchitis and 16% of the healthy controls. The difference between the intrinsic and the other groups was found to be statistically significant (p less than 0.05 - less than 0.02).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Mycobacterium abscessus (M. chelonei) infection of the knee joint: report of two cases following intra-articular injection of corticosteroids.

In 2 patients (3 knees) acute infectious arthritis of the knee developed following intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. The pathogenic organism responsible for the infection was found to be Mycobacterium Abscessus (M. Chelonei). Diagnostic difficulties were encountered due to the rarity of such infections and elusive identification of the organism with routine laboratory procedures. Therapeutic approaches necessitated combined radical surgical procedures together with antituberculosis drugs. Surgical treatment also afforded correct and definitive identification of the organism, from material obtained at operation. Although these mycobacteriae were found to be resistent to antituberculosis drugs, these same drugs proved effective clinically.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1978

Immunological profile in sarcoidosis patients. The in vitro and in vivo effect of thymic humoral factor.

A study was made of the lymphocytes obtained from 25 patients suffering from sarcoidosis as proved by the Kveim-Siltzbach test and/or organ biopsy. The number of T lymphocytes was determined by the E rosette technique and functional activity by a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) as well as skin tests with PPD, SK-SD, Candida and Trichophyton. In most cases the absolute number of T cells was low and there was an evident impairment of their functional activity. There was also a clear correlation between the severity of impairment of cell-mediated immunity and the clinical stage and activity of the disease. In vitro incubation of the lymphocytes with thymic humoral factor resulted in recovery of the functional activity of the T lymphocytes of 4 of the 7 patients tested, with the previously negative GVHR becoming positive. One of these patients was treated with thymic humoral factor with a resulting restoration of the cell-mediated immune response although there was no evident clinical improvement.

Graft vs Host Reaction↗