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Biomedical subjects

M Todorova

Publications and source records attributed to M Todorova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Cardiac tamponade from right ventricular rupture in severe lipomatosis].

A case of an 80 years old woman with II-degree obesity is presented. The patient showed no hemodynamic disturbances prior to her death despite bilateral cardiac overload causes by chronic pulmonary inflammatory processes and arterial hypertension. The rupture of the right ventricular cardiac wall with cardiac tamponade was due to the massive fatty infiltration of the cardiac wall and to the sharp increase of the hydrostatic pressure in the right ventricle in the course of pulmonary embolism.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Effect of calcium blocking agent verapamil on blood pressure, ventricular contractility, parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus in plasma, catecholamines, corticosterone and plasma renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In four-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) the effect of a calcium blocking agent verapamil on blood pressure, ventricular contractility indices, parathyroid hormone (PTH), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma and adrenal corticosterone content and catecholamines in hypothalamus, myocardium and adrenal gland was evaluated. Calcium and phosphorus in plasma were also determined. Verapamil treatment resulted in a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and a reduction in maximum left ventricular pressure. Verapamil exerted a negative inotropic effect, evaluated by a decrease in dP/dt max and dP/dt neg. PRA was elevated, calcium tended to decrease, and no changes in PTH and phosphorus were found. The hypotensive effect of verapamil in SHR was accompanied by a decrease in plasma and adrenal corticosterone content, and a fall in catecholamine concentration in adrenal glands and myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of captopril on some ventricular contractility indices in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Two groups of SHR were treated with captopril (Squibb): the first group (1 month old)--30 mg/kg i.p. twice daily for 77 days, and the second group (8 months old)--20 mg/kg p.o. twice a day for 23 days. The recording of electrocardiogram (ECG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and some isometric indices of the left-ventricular contractility indicate that in all treated animals the values of most of the parameters are considerably lowered compared to the controls. The ratio between velocity of pressure increase and intraventricular pressure/equal to 50 mmHg--(dP/dt)/ICP50/does not change significantly. It can be concluded that in SHR, captopril practically does not influence the inotropic condition of the myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Anti-tachycardia radiofrequency pacemakers. Experience with 44 cases].

Programmed cardiac stimulation may be performed externally using implanted radiofrequency receiving capsules. Between 1979 and 1984, 44 patients underwent implantation of these devices, 12 with atrial leads for supraventricular tachycardias (8 orthodromic reciprocating tachycardias, 1 intranodal junctional tachycardia and 3 atrial tachycardias), and 32 with ventricular leads for ventricular tachycardias. In the first case the transmitter was given to the patients so that they could terminate the tachycardias themselves. In the second case, the transmitter was kept in the cardiology department. All patients were also prescribed prophylactic antiarrhythmic drugs. The radiofrequency method was effective in 11 out of 12 cases of supraventricular tachycardia with a follow-up period ranging from 24 to 65 months (average 45 +/- 11 months). In the ventricular tachycardia group, the device was used in 11 patients to terminate ventricular tachycardia and in all patients to evaluate the efficacy of the antiarrhythmic therapy by provocative programmed stimulation with a follow-up ranging from 2 to 81 month (average 24 +/- 20 months). This palliative therapeutic method has reduced the number of hospital admissions in these patients. The indications are relatively few because of the efficacy of currently available antiarrhythmic agents and the possibility of radical treatment of tachyarrhythmias by surgery or catheter ablation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiogenic shock in myocardial infarct].

A total of 1605 patients with myocardial infarction had been admitted to the district hospital--Sliven for 24 years. The percentage of the deceased out of them is 26.5%. The patients with cardiogenic shock were 166 (10.3%) and 131 of them died (85%). The cardiogenic shock in myocardial infarction reduced its incidence within the 5 years, from 14/4% to 5.3%, and lethality was increased from 75.5 to 91.4%. The males represented 60%. To the age of 60 proved to be 30.1% of the patients. To the age of 45-3.6%; to from 46 to 60-26.5%; from 61 to 75-51.6% and over the age of 75-18%. Angina pectoris was present in 80% in the clinic of the patients with cardiogenic shock in myocardial infarction, with irradiating pain--41%, with asthmatic manifestations--49%, with abdominal manifestations--20% and cerebral manifestations--23%. According to localization the myocardial infarction was grouped as follows: 8.4%--anteroseptal; 17.4%--anterior, 9.6%--massive anterior, 1.8--anterior-apical, 6.4%--anterior lateral, 25.3%--posterior, 9%--posterior-lateral, 5.6%--anterior-posterior, 0.6%--focal and 1% subendocardial. Hypertension proved to be a favourable factor in the development of cardiogenic shock in myocardial infarction in 21.7% as well as diabetes in 15%, rhythm disorders--in 32.2%, pulmonary embolism in 7.9% and decompensation in 14.4%.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and echocardiographic symptoms of mitral valve rupture].

The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and predicting accuracy of the various alterations, established by one-dimensional echocardiography (M-EchoC) were determined in 23 patients with rupture of mitral chordae. The diagnosis of mitral insufficiency, resulting from chordal rupture was confirmed at operation, with angiocardiography and/or bi-dimensional echocardiography. Almost all MEchoC alterations were with a relatively low sensitivity (10-50%), high specificity (60-100%) and moderately high predicting accuracy (50-80%). Of more essential diagnostic significance--moderate sensitivity and high specificity with high predictive accuracy, are the following alterations: systolic fibrillation of mitral valve, diastolic fibrillation of mitral valvular cusps, paradoxical (chaotic) movement of posterior mitral cusp during diastole. Very little sensitivity (10%) but with high specificity (100%) was established in pathological systolic echoes in the cavity of left auricle. In the majority of the cases, the rupture of mitral chordae induced grave mitral regurgitation, conditioning the various stages of cardiac insufficiency. Relatively rare is the light to moderately grave mitral regurgitation with stable hemodynamics and preserved functional capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical trial of the preparation clofazolin used intravenously].

The authors studied the hypotensive effect of the Bulgarian preparation Chlophazolin in ampoules of 0,15 mg, administered i. v. The study covered 50 patients, 44 of them with hypertonic disease II and III stage and the rest (6)--with renal and renovasal hypertension. The i. v. administration of chlophazolin was established to have a marked hypotensive effect and be expedient for the treatment of hypertonic crises and hypertension with high values. In a dose of 0,15 mg i. v. the preparation leads to a sharp decrease in the first 20 min, whereas during the following hours it is kept to lower values: systolic pressure-an average decrease of 30-40 mm Hb in a lying position, to 45-50 mm Hg in an erect position; the diastolic pressure-an average decrease of 10-15 mm Hg in a lying position to 20-25 mm Hg in an erect position. The hypotensive effect is better manifested in higher initial values of the pressure. It lasts approximately more than 13 hours but in 1/5 of the patients, with higher values of blood pressure, its effect is exhausted within 6-8 hours. Side effects of the preparation were registered in 26 per cent of the cases; orthostatic disturbances, sleepiness, dryness of the mouth, nausea. I. v. administration of chlopazolin does not change the excretion of urea and creatinine, diuresis and serum levels of sodium, potassium and chlorine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Anatomical and functional assessment of mitral stenosis using echocardiography before and after commissurotomy].

In 36 patients with pure mitral stenosis verified during catheterization and operation the results of echocardiography were compared with the operative findings. The changes in the mitral echogram and the degree of valve calcification before commissurotomy were studied. The hemodynamic changes in pulmonary circulation were approximately appraised by determining the degree of delay of the EF interval on the echogram of the anterior cusp of the mitral valve. Significant conformity between the dimished rate of diastolic movement of the anterior mitral cusp and the degree of mitral stenosis was established. The importance of the advancement of the posterior mitral cusp to the front of the horizontal line passing through point C of mitral valve closure in the appraisal of the degree of its stenosis is underscored.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of Production on the serum lipid and lipoprotein level in ischemic heart disease].

The serum lipids were dynamically followed up in 39 patients with ischemic heart disease treated with Prodectin. A gradual decrease of serum cholesterin is observed during the treatment period as well as of its content in alfa lipoproteins and of alfa lipoproteins themselves. A moderate decrease of triglyceride and total lipids develops in parallel with this, whereas free fatty acids considerably increase. In more than 1/3 of the patients the profile of hyperlipoproteinemia changed in the course of the treatment: the half of them turned to normolipoproteinemia, a number of the rest--into a more favourable type--II and IV type.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Echocardiographic diagnosis of mitral stenosis].

One hundred forty nine subjects have their echocardiography recorded by Echoview apparatus, Picker firm. The echocardiographic parameters found in 72 patients in pure or almost pure mitral stenosis were confronted to those of 77 healthy subjects. The high sensitivity of the echocardiographic method is stressed upon in the differentiation of mitral stenosis. The most important echocardiographic criterion of mitral stenosis is the slowed down speed of the early diastolic movement, EF of the anterior mitral cusp and the shifting of the posterior mitral cusp forward from the line, passing through the point of the mitral closing. Confirmed diagnosis of mitral stenosis could only be obtained by the combination of those two echocardiographic changes. Echocardiographic significance is stressed in the establishment of the thickness of the two mitral cusps, increased number of component echolines and amplitude decrease in anterior mitral cusp opening in the assessment of the presence of mitral fibrosclerosis and calcinosis.

Adolescent↗