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Biomedical subjects

M Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to M Thompson.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Delayed postoperative cardiac tamponade: diagnosis and management.

Symptoms and signs of decreased cardiac output associated with an elevated venous pressure should alert one to the possibility of delayed cardiac tamponade. Enlargement of the cardiothoracic ratio shown by serial roentgenograms and demonstration of significant pericardial effusion by echocardiogram or radionuclide angiocardiography support the diagnosis. Erratic response of the prothrombin time to administration of warfarin and abnormal results of liver function test are additional clues to its diagnosis. Right heart catheterization documents the presence of tamponade and excludes other diagnostic considerations. Operative decompression of the pericardial space can be accomplished by pericardicentesis, subxiphoid pericardiotomy, median sternotomy, or thoracotomy. Hemodynamic observations following the relief of tamponade assure that an adequate therapeutic procedure has been performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hepatic arterial BCNU: a pilot clinical-pharmacologic study in patients with liver tumors.

BCNU at a dose of 200 mg/m2 was administered in a 60-minute hepatic arterial (HA) infusion to three patients with liver-predominant neoplastic disease. Nitrosourea blood levels were measured during the 60-minute infusion and for 30 minutes after completion of the infusion in samples obtained simultaneously from a hepatic venous (HV) catheter and a peripheral venous (PV) site. Direct extraction of blood with diethyl ether was used in order to remove quantitatively the nitrosourea from blood and thereby stabilize it against in vitro breakdown in blood prior to colorimetric analysis. As determined by blood levels, steady-state was achieved within 50 minutes of infusion. Mean HV levels at steady-state were 2.5-fold higher in the HV compared to PV samples. The higher HV compared to PV levels must reflect higher tumor exposure to nitrosourea with HA compared to the usual iv route of administration. No drug-related hepatic toxicity was noted. Myelosuppression was noted in only one patient in whom reversible leukopenia (granulocyte nadir, 500/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (platelet nadir, 20,000/mm3) developed.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1977

Anxiety and actualization: a reconceptualization.

In line with Dabrowki's theory of Positive Disintegration, deGrace recently reported no significant difference in terms of anxiety level between groups of actualized and nonactualized Ss. Several methodological and theoretical flaws noted in the deGrace study led the present authors to hypothesize that actualized Ss would score significantly lower than nonactualized Ss on separate but conceptually related measures of manifest or neurotic anxiety. Ss (83 females and 42 males) were administered the Personal Orientation Inventory, the IPAT Anxiety Scale, and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale. The results, which substantiate the hypothesis that levels of actualization and anxiety are correlated negatively, are discussed in relation to the conceptual distinction between debilitating and facilitating anxiety and their respective effects on psychological growth.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1977

Floctafenine (Idarac) in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

A double-blind controlled cross-over trial comparing floctafenine 1.6 g daily with soluble aspirin 4.0 g daily and matching placebo, in 48 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, is reported. Floctafenine and aspirin gave statistically significant reduction in morning stiffness, grip strength and better subjective assessment than the placebo. There was no difference in the relief of pain between the three treatments under the conditions of this trial where paracetamol was allowed as an additional escape analgesic. During the period of aspirin therapy there was a higher indicence of concurrent complaints, faecal occult blood loss and a reduction in haemoglobin. An open long-term study in 12 rheumatoid patients receiving floctafenine 1.6 g daily for 3--6 months showed satisfactory management of their clinical condition. There were no significant or serious side-effects or change in biochemical or haematological parameters, and patients completed their course of therapy.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1977

Encephalitogenic regions for the Lewis rat within the myelin basic protein.

The sequence, phe lys asn ile val thr pro arg thr pro pro pro ser gln gly lys gly arg gly leu ser ser arg phe ser trp gly ala glu gly gln isolated from the peptic digestion of guinea pig myelin basicprotein is able to produce EAE in Lewis rats. The synthetic peptide phe lys phe gly gly arg asp ser arg, an analog of residues 154-162, is encephalitogenic in Lewis rats when B. pertussis is used as the adjuvant.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Further definition of the encephalitogenic region for guinea pigs.

The effect on encephalitogenicity of using a serinyl substitution for the glutaminyl group in the peptide ser arg phe ser trp gly ala glu gly gln arg is reported. We conclude from these results that the function of the glutaminyl residue is assisting this peptide to produce allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs is as a hydrogen donor-receptor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

A controlled comparative trial of Butacote and fenclofenac in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.

A double-blind crossover trial of fenclofenac was untertaken to compare the short-term effects of phenylbutazone (Butacote) therapy with fenclofenac therapy (1200 mg daily) in 23 patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis. The patients were randomly allocated to each of the test drugs for a period of two weeks, following wash-out periods of paracetamol for four days. The results favoured Butacote therapy in a dosage of 300 mg daily in the expressed preferences of both the patients and the physicians conducting the trial. Butacote was also better tolerated, as no severe side-effects occurred during treatment, whereas five patients developed a widespread rash during the period of fenclofenac therapy. No significant differences were seen between the two drugs in terms of clinical measurements of pain, morning stiffness, spinal movements, chest expansion, and abduction of the hips. Butacote was shown to cause some significant depletion of haemoglobin level, probably due to water retention, and Butacote also reduced the serum urate level to a significant degree.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1976

Induction of allergic encephalomyelitis using hydrosoluble mycobacterial fractions.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis has been induced in guinea pigs employing bovine myelin basic protein as the antigen and a hydrosoluble tetrasaccharide-heptapeptide from delipidated cells of the human mycobacterial strain H37Ra as adjuvant. The maximum response was observed using 33 mug of antigen and 12.5 mug of adjuvant per animal.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Antigen, host and adjuvant requirements for induction of hyperacute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

A hyperacute form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (HEAE) was induced in Lewis rats using small doses (3.2 mug) of guinea pig myelin basic protein as immunogen and B. pertussis vaccine as adjuvant. Myelin basic proteins from species other than guinea pig (rat, man, monkey, pig, ox, rabbit and sheep) induced only ordinary EAE with this adjuvant. HEAE was more readily distinguished from ordinary EAE by clinical criteria (early onset, with a rapid and severe course, and high incidence of cerebral signs and mortality) than by histologic signs which, although characteristic of HEAE. were not pathognomonic for HEAE, HEAE was transferred to x-irradiated syngeneic recipient rats with lymph node cells from appropriately immunized donors. The Brown Norway (BN) strain of rat was found susceptible to induction of ordinary EAE, but not HEAE, using large doses of either rat or guinea pig myelin basic proteins. The unique immunogenicity of the guinea pig basic protein must be due to a different antigenic determinant from the determinant(s) which is shared by rat and guinea pig myelin basic proteins and which without B. pertussis induces ordinary EAE. The adjuvant action of B. pertussis in inducing HEAE in the Lewis rat is most likely mediated through an immunocompetent T lymphocyte.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

Auditory localization of infants as a function of reinforcement conditions.

The influence of four reinforcement conditions on the auditory localization behavior of normal infants was studied. Forty-eight infants 12 to 18 months of age were assigned to one of four groups of 12 subjects each. All received 30 presentations of complex noise at suprathreshold level. After each response to the stimulus, Group 1 received no reinforcement, Group 2 received social reinforcement, Group 3 received "simple" visual reinforcement (a blinking light), and Group 4 received "complex" visual reinforcement (an animated toy animal). The two visual reinforcement conditions produced the most localization responses, followed in order by the social reinforcement and no reinforcement conditions. These results indicate that auditory localization behavior of infants is influenced by reinforcement and that the extent of this effect is related to the type of reinforcement employed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗