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Biomedical subjects

M Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to M Taylor.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Rectally administered prednisolone--evidence for a predominantly local action.

Plasma prednisolone levels have been compared in healthy volunteers and in patients suffering from idiopathic proctocolitis after the administration of standard retention enemata containing either prednisolone-21-phosphate or prednisolone metasulphobenzoate sodium. The levels were significantly lower after the latter, irrespective of the presence or degree of activity of the disease. Prednisolone metasulphobenzoate appeared to be as effective as the 21-phosphate ester for the treatment of proctocolitis in the few patients where the two drugs were compared. It seems possible that the beneficial effect of the form of therapy is exerted predominantly locally, rather than by systemic action.

Colitis↗
PubMed1980

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile.

The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 78 strains of Clostridium difficile isolated from patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms were determined and compared. Strains from patients with symptoms were more likely to show resistance to antibiotics. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains were found to be similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An occupational therapy program with the chronic care patient.

The following is an example of what the occupational therapists at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal have done to accommodate the changing psychiatric population at the hospital. Over the past few years it seemed that certain of our programmes, being too high level, were no longer suitable for the more chronic type patient, being admitted. Thus, a re-examination of attitudes towards treatment was necessary as was the establishment of programmes with a different orientation. In doing this, the focus changed from former techniques such as projective art to a concentration on more reality oriented programmes for this group. The two programmes described are examples of this.

Day Care, Medical↗
PubMed1979

Effect of acid pH on the absorption spectra and photoreactions of bacteriorhodopsin.

Purple membranes (PM) from Halobacterium halobium were incorporated into 7.5% polyacrylamide gels to prevent aggregation which occurs in suspensions at low pH. At pH 7.0, the circular dichroism (CD) spectra and visible absorption spectra of light- and dark-adapted bacteriorhodopsin (bR558, respectively) and the flash photolysis cycle of bR568 in gels were essentially the same as those in PM suspensions. Titration of the gels with hydrochloric acid showed the transition to a form absorbing at 605 nm (bR605 acid) with pK = 2.9 and to a second form absorbing at 565 nm (bR565 acid) with pK = 0.5. Isosbestic points were seen for each transition in both light- and dark-adapted gels. In addition, a third isosbestic point was evident between pH 3.5 and 7. Visible CD spectra of bR568, bR605 acid, and bR565 acid all showed the bilobed pattern typical of bR568 in suspensions of PM. Flash kinetic spectrophotometry (with 40-microseconds time resolution) of bR605 acid and bR565 acid showed transient absorbance changes with at least one transiently blue-shifted form for each and an early red-shifted intermediate for bR565 acid. Chromophore extraction from membrane suspensions yielded all-trans-retinal for bR565 acid and a mixture of 13-cis and trans isomers for bR605 acid.

Bacteriorhodopsins↗
PubMed1979

Dietary modification of amphetamine stereotyped behaviour: the action of tryptophan, methionine, and lysine.

Rats fed diets high in tryptophan, methionine, and tryptophan plus methionine or lysine were subsequently injected with 10 mg/kg d-amphetamine. The amount of amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour observed varied as a function of the dietary addition, with methionine showing the greatest difference to controls, and lysine the least. Whole brain catecholamine levels and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels also showed amino acid-specific changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The clinical and economic effects of early return to work after elective inguinal hernia repair.

Since 1 January 1976 male patients of four consultant surgeons undergoing elective repair of a unilateral inguinal hernia have been included in a trial to see if 'early' return to work or normal activity is associated with an increased recurrence rate and also to investigate any economic consequences. To date 295 patients have been entered into the trial and the first 150 have been reviewed at 1 year. There was a complete follow-up at 1 year. There was 1 recurrence (0.7 per cent) at 1 year, and this had occurred by the time the patient came to the clinic to be included in the trial. Patients supervised by their general practitioner were off work for 78.5 days, while those advised to return to work early were off work for 52.1 days. This difference of 25.4 days is significant at the 0.1 per cent level. Loss of earnings while off work was reported by 36.7 per cent of patients, and the average sum lost was 19.86 per week. Thus, patients lost 72.06 on average. If patients went back to work at 52 days instead of at 78 days, the benefit to the economy would be of the order of 7 m., and this 'early' return to work is not associated with an increase in the recurrence rate at 1 year.

Convalescence↗
PubMed1978

Characteristics of the 'life spanning' phenomenon in Amoeba proteus. Independent nuclear and cytoplasmic ability to impose finite 'life span'.

Amoeba proteus given adequate food grows exponentially and clones of amoebae are normally immortal. After periods of food supply restriction to that necessary for maintenance, or food intake restriction by agitation, cells subsequently given a normal growth diet produce clones of finite life span. Reciprocal nuclear transfer between maintained and normal cells demonstrated that the nucleus and cytoplasm of maintained cells have acquired the independent ability to impose a finite life span on clones developing from cells whose other components are normal. In clones developing from maintained cells, inviable cell production is enhanced and inter-division times are prolonged. Inter-division times and clones mean doubling times do not show normal distribution.

Amoeba↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructure of fibrils in developing human and guinea-pig tympanic membrane.

The development of connective tissue of the tympanic membrane has been examined in guinea-pig embryos and fetuses from 22 days of gestation (10 mm CR length) to birth (at about 67 days, 100 mm), in neonatal animals for the first 3 weeks of life, and in human embryos and fetuses aged 6, 11, 15 and 22 weeks. In the guinea-pig up to 34 days of gestation there was little evidence of fibril formation, but from 37 days onwards fibrils were an obvious feature of the tympanic membrane area. When first observed they resembled small collagen fibrils but there was no cross-banding, and within a week to 10 days they showed the foursubunit configuration typical of adult tympanic membrane fibrils in this species. There was no increase in fibril diameter and elastic fibres were not seen. In the human fetuses small groups of collagen fibrils (already of larger diameter than guinea-pig fibrils) were apparent at 11 weeks, together with small groups of elastic microfibrils. Later specimens showed increasing numbers of cross-banded collagen fibrils and the development of the amorphous elastin component in association with the microfibrils.

Animals↗