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Biomedical subjects

M Tatsuta

Publications and source records attributed to M Tatsuta.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Promotion by vagotomy of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of truncal vagotomy after administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on the incidence and number of gastric carcinomas and gastric acid secretion, gastrin secretion, antral pH, and duodenal reflux were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats were subjected to truncal vagotomy after N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine treatment. Vagotomy significantly increased the incidence and number of adenocarcinomas of the glandular stomach. It also resulted in significantly more atypical glandular hyperplasias, which are precursors of gastric cancer. Furthermore, it caused a decrease in gastric secretion and an increase in mucosal pH in the antrum but did not increase duodenal reflux. These findings indicate that vagotomy has a promoting effect on the development of gastric cancers. The reduced gastric acid secretion, but not duodenal reflux, may be related to this increased incidence of gastric cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of glucagon on gastric motility examined by the acetaminophen absorption method and the endoscopic procedure.

The effects of glucagon and butropium bromide on gastric motility were compared by the acetaminophen absorption method and the endoscopic procedure. Intramuscular administration of 1 USP unit of glucagon and 4 mg of butropium bromide caused a significant decrease in the serum acetaminophen level 30 min after digestion of a test meal. Results indicated that glucagon significantly delayed gastric emptying, and that its inhibitory effect was similar to that of butropium bromide. Moreover, endoscopic examinations showed that glucagon and butropium bromide had similar inhibitory effects on gastric peristalsis. However, butropium bromide caused side effects more frequently than glucagon. Therefore, premedication with glucagon is superior to that with butropium bromide for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1984

Cytohistologic diagnosis of neoplasms of the liver by ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

A procedure was developed for obtaining both cytologic and histologic specimens from patients suspected of having hepatic malignancy at the time of ultrasonically guided liver aspiration biopsy using a 22-gauge needle of 0.4 mm inner diameter. The fine needle and the syringe used were heparinized before use to avoid blood coagulation in the materials obtained. With heparinized needle and syringe it was possible to centrifuge the materials obtained and make good smears containing abundant tumor cells, and to obtain small tissue specimens. Histologic specimens obtained with the heparinized needle were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1.0% osmium tetroxide, and embedded in epoxy Epon resin. Ultrathin sections were made and usually stained with Azan-Mallory stain. In 41 patients suspected of having hepatic malignancy, a correct diagnosis was made by a combination of these examinations. The sensitivity of this procedure for hepatic malignancy was 100%, and the specificity was 95.7%. Therefore, this procedure is a very reliable method for diagnosis of hepatic malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Destruction of implanted gastric tumors in rats by acridine orange photoactivation with an argon laser.

The phototoxicity of acridine orange and argon laser irradiation on Walker carcinosarcoma 256 stomach tumors was studied. Wistar strain rats bearing stomach tumors 4-6 mm in diameter 5-10 days after their implantation were injected intraperitoneally with 40 mg/kg of acridine orange 2 hr before irradiation. Then the forestomach was opened and the tumors were exposed to the argon laser at 488 nm at an intensity of 15 mW/cm2 for 20 min. Tumors in rats treated with acridine orange were brightly fluorescent during irradiation. No marked temperature rise was detected during irradiation. Argon irradiation significantly prolonged the survival of rats treated with acridine orange. Histologically, complete or partial tumor necrosis was observed, with sparing of surrounding mucosa, in rats treated by the combination therapy. Phase-contrast and electron microscopy showed that cytotoxicity was mediated by changes in the cell, nuclear and lysosomal membranes. Neither the dye nor laser alone had any effect.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of early gastric cancers in the upper part of the stomach by the endoscopic Congo red-methylene blue test.

The clinicopathological features of the early gastric cancers in the upper part of the stomach, and the accuracy of their diagnosis by routine endoscopic examination were examined, and the accuracy of diagnosis of minute and flat cancers in the upper portion of the stomach by routine endoscopic examination and by the endoscopic Congo red-methylene blue test developed in our clinic were compared. Early cancers in the upper part of the stomach occurred in the elderly patient, and grossly elevated types were frequent. Endoscopically they were most difficult to diagnose by a single routine endoscopic examination, because they were frequently overlooked, and adequate biopsy was difficult in some cases. A correct diagnosis of minute and flat cancers in the upper part of the stomach by routine examination was made in only 27.3% and 25.0% of the cases, respectively. But with the Congo red-methylene blue test the diagnostic rate was raised significantly to 75.0% and 83.3%, respectively. In this test, Congo red and methylene blue sprayed on the surface of the tumor were bleached white 2 to 5 minutes after application, in sharp contrast to the unaffected mucosa.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Values of serum carcinoembryonic antigen and elastase 1 in diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and elastase 1 in the serum were determined by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay, respectively, in 224 healthy subjects, 49 patients with pancreatitis, 53 patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 129 patients with cancer in other organs. The CEA concentrations in the serum were significantly higher in patients with pancreatic carcinoma than in those with pancreatitis, but this concentration was not a satisfactory indicator of pancreatic carcinoma localised to allow irradication by resection as it was raised in only 47% of the patients. High CEA concentrations were also slightly, but not significantly, more frequent in patients with cancer of the pancreatic body or tail, and unresectable cancer or cancer of more than 6.0 cm in longest diameter than in those with cancer of the pancreatic head, resectable cancer or cancer of less than 6.0 cm diameter. Serum elastase 1 was raised in only 42% of the patients with pancreatic carcinoma and could not be used to distinguish patients with pancreatic carcinoma from those with pancreatitis. In contrast with CEA, however, its concentration was abnormally high significantly more frequently in patients with cancer of less than 6.0 cm in longest diameter than in those with larger tumours. It was also raised slightly, but not significantly, more frequently in those with cancer of the pancreatic head and in patients with resectable cancer than in those with unresectable cancer. A combination of these two tests raised the diagnostic rate of pancreatic carcinoma to 77% without a remarkable decrease in the specificity for pancreatic carcinoma. In particular, it raised the diagnostic rates of cases of cancer of the pancreatic head, resectable cancer and cancers of less than 3.0 cm and 3.0-6.0 cm in longest diameter. Therefore, a combination of measurements of CEA and elastase 1 in the serum is very useful for early detection of pancreatic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Carcinoembryonic antigens in the pericardial fluid of patients with malignant pericarditis.

The diagnostic accuracy of measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and of analysis of the cytological characteristics of pericardial fluid was assessed in 10 patients with benign pericarditis and 7 patients with malignant pericarditis. The mean CEA levels of pericardial fluid specimens from patients with malignant pericarditis were significantly higher than those from patients with benign pericarditis. However, a high CEA level was not seen in a specimen of pericardial fluid which contained nonepithelial tumor cells. Positive cytological findings were obtained in specimens of pericardial fluid from 85.7% of the patients with malignant pericarditis. Correct diagnosis of malignancy was made by CEA assay alone or by cytological examination alone in 85.7% of the patients examined, while a combination of these methods raised the diagnostic rate to 100%.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1984

Photodynamic effects of exposure to hematoporphyrin derivatives and dye-laser radiation on human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

The phototoxicity of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) and dye-laser radiation on adenocarcinoma cells of the human stomach was examined by light and electron microscopy. Adenocarcinoma cells were obtained from human stomach tissue by endoscopic biopsy. The cells were incubated for 5 minutes in the patient's own serum that contained 0.6 mg HPD/ml and then were exposed to dye-laser radiation at 630 nm at an irradiance of 15 mW/cm2. Electron microscopy showed that cytotoxicity was mediated by mitochondrial damage, dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and alterations of the nuclear membrane. The degenerative changes were greater and more frequent in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cells than in well-differentiated ones. No marked temperature rise was detected during irradiation. Neither the dye alone nor light alone had any effect. A singlet oxygen-trapping agent, 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran, prevented adenocarcinoma cell degeneration that otherwise would result from exposure to HPD and dye-laser radiation. Thus singlet oxygen may be the cytotoxic agent in this system.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Significance of carcinoembryonic antigen levels and cytology of pure pancreatic juice in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

The diagnostic accuracies of measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and analysis of the cytologic characters of pure pancreatic juice were assessed in 16 control subjects, 20 patients with pancreatitis and 22 patients with pancreatic cancer. Pure pancreatic juice was collected from the pancreatic duct by endoscopic cannulation using a duodenofiberscope after intravenous administration of secretin. The pancreatic fluid was centrifuged and the supernatant was used for CEA assay, while the cell pellet was examined cytologically. Abnormally high CEA levels in the pure pancreatic juice were significantly more frequent in patients with pancreatic cancer; an increased CEA concentration in the pancreatic juice was found in 68.2% of the patients. The location of the cancer had no influence on the CEA level of the pancreatic juice, but the level tended to be high when the tumor had distant metastases. Positive cytologic findings were obtained in specimens of pure pancreatic juice of 68.2% of the patients with pancreatic cancer. Positive cytologic results were more frequent in patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas than in those with carcinoma of the body or tail, and those with localized tumors had the lowest yield of positive cytologic results. For sensitive tests, it was necessary to collect pure pancreatic juice containing no contrast medium. High CEA levels and positive cytological results were significantly more frequent in pancreatic juice obtained 10 to 20 minutes after secretin stimulation than in those collected immediately after stimulation. Correct diagnosis of malignancy was made by CEA assay alone or by cytological examination alone in 68.2% of the patients examined, while a combination of these methods raised the diagnostic rate to 86.4%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Cytologic examination and CEA measurement in aspirated pancreatic material collected by percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasonic guidance for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.

Diagnostic accuracy of the cytologic examination or CEA measurement in pancreatic fluid obtained by percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasonic guidance, was investigated in 26 patients with histologically proven carcinoma of the pancreas, and the incidence of positive results of cytology and CEA assay were compared in pancreatic fluid obtained by percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy and by endoscopic cannulation of the ampulla of Vater in the same 19 patients. Positive cytologic findings were observed in the fluid obtained by percutaneous aspiration biopsy of 88.5% of the patients with pancreatic carcinoma. The location of the cancer had no influence on the cytology, but positive results were more frequent in patients with distant metastases than in those with localized tumor or locally invasive carcinoma. Positive cytologic results were obtained in the pancreatic fluid obtained by endoscopic cannulation from the ampulla of Vater of only 15.8% of the patients examined by both methods, but percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy significantly increased the diagnostic rate. In the specimens obtained by aspiration biopsy, tumor cells were much more abundant and easily recognizable. When cytologic examination does not provide any evidence of malignancy, measurement of CEA levels in pancreatic fluid is probably useful. Combination of the cytology and CEA assay of the specimens obtained by percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the pancreas increased the diagnostic rate to 100%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Protective effect of butylated hydroxytoluene against induction of gastric cancer by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the incidence and histology of gastric cancers induced by oral administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were investigated in Wistar rats. Oral administration of 1.0% BHT in regular chow pellets during treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks significantly reduced the incidence of gastric cancers in experimental week 40. BHT had no influence on the histological type of adenocarcinomas induced in MNNG-treated rats. BHT alone induced slight glandular hyperplasia, but not moderate glandular hyperplasia or gastric cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Age-related changes in the acid-secreting area in patients with duodenal ulcer.

The extent of, and age-related changes in, the acid-secreting area in patients with duodenal ulcer were compared with those in patients with gastric ulcer and healthy subjects. Studies were made by the endoscopic Congo red test developed in our clinic. The incidence of a large acid-secreting area was significantly higher in patients with duodenal ulcer than in normal subjects or patients with gastric ulcer. Although the incidence of a large acid-secreting area decreased with age in patients with gastric ulcer and in normal subjects, an extensive acid-secreting area was found in patients with duodenal ulcer, irrespective of age. In endoscopic follow-up studies, shrinkage of the acid-secreting area was observed in 18.8% of the healthy subjects and 31.9% of the patients with gastric ulcer, but in only 2.4% of the patients with duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of minute cancers by the endoscopic Congo red--methylene blue test.

The clinicopathological features of minute cancers of the stomach were investigated, and the accuracy of diagnosis of minute cancers by routine endoscopic examinations and by the endoscopic Congo red - methylene blue test were compared. From 1959 to 1979, 56 minute cancer were found in 54 patients. Minute cancers are defined as those of less than 5 mm in the longest diameter. None involved the muscularis propria, but when minute cancers, especially the depressed type, were more than 4 mm in diameter, cancer cells were frequently found to invade the submucosa. Therefore, minute cancers must be diagnosed as early as possible. A correct diagnosis of minute cancers was made in only 25.0% of the cases by routine endoscopic examinations. But with the Congo red--methylene blue test the diagnostic rate was raised significantly to 75.0%. In this test, tumors are seen as areas in which the dyes become bleached to white, in sharp contrast to the unaffected mucosa. This test is more accurate than other methods for diagnosis of minute cancers, because the target area can be biopsied with greater accuracy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Promotion by histamine of carcinogenesis in the forestomach and protection by histamine against carcinogenesis induced by N-nitroso-N-methylnitroguanidine in the glandular stomach in W rats.

The effect of histamine on induction of tumors in the forestomach and the glandular stomach after N-nitroso-N-methylnitroguanidine (MNNG) administration was studied in male inbred W rats. Animals were given 50 micrograms MNNG solution/ml orally for 25 weeks and then 4 mg histamine dihydrochloride sc per day in depot form. Administration of histamine in depot form after MNNG significantly increased the incidence of tumors in the forestomach, but it significantly decreased the incidence of adenocarcinomas in the glandular stomach. All of the tumors induced in the forestomach were of the squamous cell type, and 50% of them were squamous cell carcinomas. Histamine alone had no apparent carcinogenicity in rats.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Effect of prolonged administration of gastrin on experimental carcinogenesis in rat colon induced by intrarectal instillation of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

The effect of tetragastrin on the incidence and histology of colonic tumors induced by intrarectal instillation of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was investigated in Wistar rats. Prolonged administration of tetragastrin in depot form during and after treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of colonic tumors in Experimental Week 35. Histological examinations showed that, unlike the well-differentiated adenocarcinomas with a typical glandular pattern in control groups, the adenocarcinomas that developed in rats treated with tetragastrin had high mucin-producing activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Increased gastrin secretion in patients with pheochromocytoma.

The relationship between serum catecholamines and serum gastrin in the basal state and in response to a liquid test meal was investigated in 6 patients with histologically proven pheochromocytoma before and after surgical removal of the tumor. Serum catecholamines were measured by a high performance liquid-chromatography technique, and serum gastrin was determined by radioimmunoassay. In patients with normal serum adrenaline, no increase in serum gastrin level in the basal state or after ingesting a test meal was found. In contrast, in those with abnormally high serum adrenaline, the serum gastrin levels in the basal state and in response to a test meal were significantly higher than in patients with a normal serum adrenaline level and in normal subjects. Surgical removal of the tumor resulted in a significant decrease in both the serum adrenaline concentration and serum gastrin secretion in the basal state and after meal stimulation. These results indicate that adrenaline stimulates serum gastrin secretion not only in the basal state, but also in response to a test meal.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗