Biomedical subjects

M Tateno

Publications and source records attributed to M Tateno.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Hair trace elements in cerebellar degeneration: low copper levels in late cortical cerebellar atrophy.

The levels of ten elements in the hair of 7 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), 10 patients with late cortical cerebellar atrophy (LCCA) and 1489 healthy persons were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The phosphorus, zinc, selenium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, aluminium and mercury concentrations did not show any statistically significant difference among the three groups. The copper concentration was significantly lower in the patients with LCCA than in the patients with OPCA, and in the healthy controls. The possibility that LCCA is associated with a mild degree of copper deficiency is considered.

Atrophy↗

PubMed1990

Comparison of lodging safety factor of untreated and succinic Acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide-treated shoots of mulberry tree.

This study examined the lodging resistance of mulberry tree (Morus bombycis Koidz. cv Kenmochi) shoots treated or not treated with succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH). The lodging safety factor, an indicator of lodging resistance, was defined as the ratio of critical lodging load to the leaf fresh weight observed, provided that the distribution of the critical lodging load along the stem was similar to that of the leaf fresh weight observed. The critical lodging load was experimentally estimated by loading weights onto the stems. In the untreated trees, the lodging safety factor was maintained at about 3.2. In the SADH-treated trees, the stem elongation was inhibited to about 80% of that in the untreated trees, and the percentage of shoot dry matter partitioned into the leaves was always larger than that of the untreated trees. This dwarfing of the stem caused by SADH increased the critical lodging load supported by the unit stem dry weight, while this large investment of materials in leaves increased the leaf fresh weight supported by the unit stem dry weight. Since the increments canceled each other, the lodging safety factor of the SADH-treated shoots was similar to that of the untreated ones. These results suggest that the shoot formation of the mulberry tree is controlled to maintain the lodging safety factor at a constant level.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1990

Recognition of tRNA identity determinants by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

By analyzing aminoacylation activities of variants of isoleucine tRNAs and glutamic acid tRNA from Escherichia coli, it was found that the anticodons are the major determinants for "identities" of these tRNAs. It was also shown that the post-transcriptional modifications are essential to aminoacylation of these tRNAs. Interactions between the tRNAs and the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗

PubMed1990

[Development and clinical application of an expert system for supporting diagnosis of 201Tl stress myocardial SPECT].

A consultation expert system which supports our computer aided reporting system was developed. The system was used for the evaluation of the two dimensional polar (bull's eye) display of 201Tl myocardial SPECT. The system consists of patients management (PM) and consultation expert systems (ES). The former is connected to image processors coupled with scinticameras. The bull's eye display of myocardial SPECT is transferred from image processor to the data base of PM. When inference request is made, the feature extraction program extracts information on localization, extent and severity of focal defects comparing count-rates pixel by pixel with the reference obtained from seven normal controls. The inference engine is activated to determine presence of focal defects utilizing diagnostic rules in the knowledge base. The results are sent back to PM and reported with the probability of assurance. Fifty eight patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI), angina pectoris (AP) and other diseases as well as normal controls were included in the study. The decision for presence or absence of focal defects by ES agreed with that by nuclear physicians (NP) in 301 segments among 330 (91%) in stress images. The presence of redistribution in delayed images agreed in 43 segments among 67 (64%). Image interpretation by ES agreed well with that of NP in patients with OMI (19/20) and AP (9/11). Seven were interpreted as normal by both ES and NP. The system is useful, as it provides NP with complementary and supportive information applicable to decision making and reporting. Further clinical experiences can improve knowledge base for better ES function.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1989

Rat cytotoxic T lymphocytes against human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-infected cells recognize gag gene and env gene encoded antigens.

T cell immune responses in syngeneic WKA/H rats were analyzed by using lymphoid cell lines, TARS-1, TART-1, and TARL-2, infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Spleen cells of rats in which these cell lines had been rejected were sensitized in vitro with the same cell lines, and cells cytotoxic to these HTLV-1+ cell lines, and cells cytotoxic to these HTLV-1+ cell lines were generated. The effector cells were CTL of the CD5+ CD8+ phenotype and showed restriction of MHC class I Ag. Direct tests as well as cold target cell inhibition tests with an array of cell populations showed that these CTL reacted only with syngeneic HTLV-1+ cell lines. When xenogeneic HTLV-1+ cell lines were similarly utilized for in vitro sensitization, rat CTL specific for syngeneic HTLV-1+ cells were generated. They were not, however, reactive with xenogeneic HTLV-1+ cells used for sensitization. Syngeneic rat cells selectively expressing gag, env, or pX gene coded Ag were prepared by infection of recombinant vaccinia viruses. In cold target cell inhibition tests of anti-HTLV-1 CTL with thus prepared cells, cytotoxicity against the syngeneic HTLV-1+ cells line, TARS-1, was inhibited by syngeneic cells expressing gag gene or env gene coded Ag. Inhibition was, however, more consistent and more dominant by cells with gag gene than those with env gene. Syngeneic cells with pX gene and MHC class I incompatible cells with gag, env, or pX gene did not inhibit cytotoxicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

The Fc and not CD4 receptor mediates antibody enhancement of HIV infection in human cells.

Antibodies that enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectivity have been found in the blood of infected individuals and in infected or immunized animals. These findings raise serious concern for the development of a safe vaccine against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. To address the in vivo relevance and mechanism of this phenomenon, antibody-dependent enhancement of HIV infectivity in peripheral blood macrophages, lymphocytes, and human fibroblastoid cells was studied. Neither Leu3a, a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD4 receptor, nor soluble recombinant CD4 even at high concentrations prevented this enhancement. The addition of monoclonal antibody to the Fc receptor III (anti-FcRIII), but not of antibodies that react with FcRI or FcRII, inhibited HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 enhancement in peripheral blood macrophages. Although enhancement of HIV infection in CD4+ lymphocytes could not be blocked by anti-FcRIII, it was inhibited by the addition of human immunoglobulin G aggregates. The results indicate that the FcRIII receptor on human macrophages and possibly another Fc receptor on human CD4+ lymphocytes mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of HIV infectivity and that this phenomenon proceeds through a mechanism independent of the CD4 protein.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1989

Human immunodeficiency virus can infect CD4-negative human fibroblastoid cells.

Certain human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains were shown to infect human fibroblastoid cells. Replication was demonstrated only by coculturing normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells or human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-transformed T-cell lines with the infected human cells. This infection of human fibroblastoid cells did not involve the CD4 molecule and did not have the properties of endocytosis. Human sera could be distinguished by their ability to neutralize HIV infection of the fibroblastoid versus human T-cell lines. These observations demonstrate further that other mechanisms for viral entry, besides CD4 binding, must be considered for HIV. They also indicate the wide cellular host range and heterogeneity of HIV strains. The possibility that fibroblastoid cells serve as a reservoir for the AIDS virus and are involved in connective tissue disorders of infected individuals merits attention.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1989

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from experimentally infected chimpanzees: isolation and characterization.

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) isolates obtained from chimpanzees that had undergone various immunosuppressive treatments were characterized by growth on various primary cells and cell lines as well as by restriction endonuclease analysis. Viruses recovered from animals inoculated with uncloned HIV showed genetic variation from the original inoculum, whereas viruses isolated from an animal infected with a molecular clone of HIV did not. In some cases, virus recovery was possible only after enrichment for CD4+ cells by panning, inoculation with a chimpanzee cytomegalovirus, or a combination of these procedures. These findings indicate a role for viral and host cofactors in the control of virus replication and suggest explanations for the absence of clinical manifestations in HIV-infected chimpanzees.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1988

Biologic features of HIV-1 that correlate with virulence in the host.

Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be asymptomatic or have AIDS-related complex or the acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Little is known about the factors that influence progression of infection to AIDS. In this study of isolates of HIV-1 obtained at intervals during the infection of four individuals, the development of disease was found to be correlated with the emergence of HIV-1 variants that were more cytopathic in vitro as the disease progressed and that replicated more efficiently in a wide variety of different human cells. The biologic properties of HIV-1 in vitro thus appear to reflect its virulence in the host. Further studies of such sequentially isolated viruses may lead to the identification of viral genes that govern pathogenesis.

AIDS-Related Complex↗

PubMed1988

MT-4 plaque formation can distinguish cytopathic subtypes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Using the MT-4 plaque assay, differences in the plaque-forming ability among various isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were observed. Kinetic studies showed that these differences reflected the enhanced ability of individual HIV to replicate rapidly in T cells and cause cytopathic changes. The plaque-forming HIV all came from patients with disease; no healthy seropositive individuals had these types of isolates. Plaque formation may be a useful assay for identifying pathogenic strains of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of a new angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (delapril) in patients with deteriorated kidney function and in normal control subjects.

Pharmacokinetic properties of a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, delapril (CV-3317), which converts to two active metabolites (M-1 and M-2) and one inactive metabolite (M-3) after oral administration, were investigated in six subjects with normal, 10 subjects with slight (SRF), and six subjects with markedly (MRF) deteriorated kidney function. The elimination half-life of M-1 was prolonged significantly in subjects with MRF and that of M-3 was also prolonged in subjects with SRF or MRF. The peak plasma drug concentration, time to reach peak concentration (tmax), and AUC were significantly larger in subjects with SRF and MRF than in normal subjects, except for Tmax in subjects with SRF. In M-2 and unchanged delapril, no difference was observed. The 24-hour cumulative urinary excretion of those metabolites was significantly lower in subjects with MRF than in normal subjects. Plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, suppressed at 4 hours in all subjects, remained significantly low in patients with MRF at 24 hours. Blood pressure was reduced more in subjects with chronic renal failure. It was concluded that delapril is excreted mainly through the kidney and its pharmacodynamics and biologic effects are affected by the renal dysfunction.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1988

[Clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in the perinatal period].

Clinical studies were performed on the perinatal use of imipenem (IPM)/cilastatin sodium (CS). The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. IPM/CS was administered to 11 perinatal infection cases which included mainly intrauterine infections and 3 mastitis cases in addition. IPM/CS showed excellent effectiveness against 1, good against 11, and the efficacy rates were 85.7%. 2. No side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values were observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[An application of a new antibiotic, ceftriaxone, during the perinatal period].

1. Ceftriaxone (CTRX) was not transferred well into cerebrospinal fluid in healthy individuals. 2. The transplacental passage and the transfer of CTRX into amniotic fluid were very good, and CTRX seems useful for the treatment of perinatal infections. 3. Clinically, CTRX was very effective against amniotic infections and infections of the puerperal uterus: Clinical efficacies were excellent in 1 case and good in 3 out of 4 cases (efficacy rate: 100%). 4. No side effects or laboratory abnormalities were observed.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed1987

Rat lymphoid cell lines with HTLV-I production. III. Transmission of HTLV-I into rats and analysis of cell surface antigens associated with HTLV-I.

Newborn WKA rats given a single intraperitoneal injection of MMC treated TARS-1, a rat T cell line producing HTLV-I, were shown to accumulate high titred antibodies specific for HTLV-I. Adult WKA rats rejected TARS-1 transplant with transient appearance of anti-HTLV-I antibodies. However, rats maintained under daily administration of Bredinin, an immunosuppressive drug after TARS-1 transplant showed continuous production of antibodies specific for HTLV-I by aging. Type-C virus particles similar to HTLV-I were demonstrated by electronmicroscopy in the short-term cultured spleen cells of these rats. The evidence indicates that HTLV-I can be transmitted into newborn and immunosuppressed adult rats and they may provide a suitable animal model of ATL and related conditions in man, especially for elucidating the virus-host interactions involved in the leukemogenesis of HTLV-I. By using monoclonal antibodies, cell surface antigens associated with HTLV-I were also analysed.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

[Rat lymphoid cell lines producing human T cell leukemia virus-I].

Cocultivation of spleen cells, lymph node cells, and thymocytes of female Wistar-King-Aptekman rats with short-term cultured male adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells in the presence of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BudR) resulted in the establishment of rat lymphoid cell lines, TARS-1, TARL-2, and TART-1. Cytogenic analysis of the three cell lines showed a female rat karyotype with 42 chromosomes. The surface phenotypes of TARS-1 and TART-1 were those of rat T cells. TARL-2 was only positive for rat Ia and leukocyte common antigens and brain associated T antigen. The cell lines continuously produced a type C retrovirus, human T cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) and expressed ATL-associated antigens. By using monoclonal antibodies for rat IL-2 receptors, FACS analysis demonstrated that three rat T cell lines unequivocally expressed rat IL-2 receptor. TARS-1 and TART-1 but not TARL-2 were transplantable into newborn syngeneic rats and nude mice. By injecting MMC-treated TARS-1 into newborn syngeneic rats, HTLV-I carrier rats were obtained which showed gradual increase of anti-ATLA antibody titer by aging. No evidence of leukemia nor malignant lymphoma were observed in those carrier rats. Adult rats immunized with these rat cell lines produced antibodies specific for HTLV-I. The biochemical analysis of the antigen that reacted with rat sera revealed that they are the HTLV-I specific polypeptides, p28, p24, p19 and p15.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical studies of BRL 28500 (clavulanic acid/ticarcillin) in the treatment of pelvioperitonitis and Douglas' abscess].

Clinical studies were conducted on BRL 28500 (a formulation containing 15 parts ticarcillin plus 1 part clavulanic acid). BRL 28500 was administered at doses of 1.6 g or 3.2 g b.i.d., generally for 10 days by drip infusion to patients with pelvioperitonitis or Douglas' abscess. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 18 patients (pelvioperitonitis 14, Douglas' abscess 4), but 8 patients out of a total of 26 patients were excluded. 2. In the evaluation of clinical improvement by doctors in charge, clinical improvement rates were 44.4% on day 3, 88.2% on day 5. 3. On the basis of committee judgement, the clinical efficacy rate was 100%. 4. The bacteriological eradication rate of causative organisms was 100% in 11 patients (15 strains). Five strains out of a total of 15 strains produced beta-lactamase. 5. As a side effect, nausea was observed in 1 case. In laboratory examination, liver function abnormalities were observed in 1 case. 6. Regarding usefulness as judged by doctors in charge, the satisfactory rate was 83.3%. From the above results, it has been concluded that BRL 28500 is very useful in the treatment of pelvioperitonitis and Douglas' abscess.

Abscess↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical studies on cefuzonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

In gynecological infections, especially intrapelvic infections, it is sometimes difficult to identify causal microorganisms. In those cases, it becomes a hard task to select most effective antibiotics, hence the use of wide-spectrum antibiotics becomes necessary. We recently had opportunities to clinically use cefuzonam (CZON, L-105) which has a wide range of spectrum against various bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobes, etc. The following is a summary of the clinical results: 1. In 7 cases of gynecological infections CZON was evaluated "excellent" in 1 case and "good" in 6 cases, thus the efficacy rate was 100%. 2. Against intrauterine infection caused by S. aureus, "excellent" effect was observed. 3. No sign of side effects was noted in any of the cases. 4. In 1 case, slight elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT were recorded but the elevations were transient.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor depresses serum iron in mice.

Recently many findings about the physiological and biochemical functions of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHu-TNF) have been reported. In the present study, the effect of rHu-TNF on serum iron in C3H/HeN and C57BL/6 mice was determined. Blood samples were obtained before intravenous injection of rHu-TNF, and also at various times after the injection. Results from five experiments showed that the serum iron was depressed between 1/3 to 1/5 of that of untreated mice 4 to 24 h after injection of 5 or 10 micrograms of rHu-TNF. The low level persisted for 33 h, rebounded at 48 to 72 h, and returned to normal by 96 h after the injection. Serum iron was determined by the colorimetric method using the sensitive reagent, ferrozine (3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-bis(4-sulfophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine. We believe that this is the first report of depression of serum iron in mice by intravenous injection of rHu-TNF. The physiological role of repressed serum iron in the in vivo response to TNF remains to be established.

Animals↗