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Biomedical subjects

M Takada

Publications and source records attributed to M Takada.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

An Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell line produces autoregulatory interleukin-1 that regulates bone remodeling.

In this study, we demonstrate that an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell line, A-11, produced interleukin-1 (IL-1), a cytokine that regulates bone remodeling. A-11 cells produce IL-1 in a cell dose- and culture time-related manner. The IL-1 activity was neutralized by recombinant human IL-1 (rhIL-1) alpha antiserum, but not by rhIL-1 beta antiserum. The IL-1 was semi-purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, Superose prep 12 gel filtration, and anion-exchange chromatography strongly stimulated in vitro bone resorption. The stimulatory effect of the purified IL-1 on bone resorption was prostaglandin independent. Purified IL-1 inhibited DNA and collagen synthesis in the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. However, it enhanced significantly the cellular activity of alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), a marker enzyme for differentiation of osteoblasts. On the other hand, A-11 cell proliferation was inhibited by addition of rhIL-1 alpha antiserum, but not by rhIL-1 beta antiserum. And cell proliferation was stimulated by exogenous rhIL-1 alpha and -beta.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

New instrument for monitoring hemoglobin oxygenation.

A new compact high-performance instrument for monitoring the oxygenation state of the human newborn are developed. First we applied this instrument to the rat head, and next to the human arm. We could confirm that the volume of Oxy-Hb, Deoxy-Hb and total blood volume were well monitored by using our instrument. Now we started to apply this technique to the human newborn. Furthermore, we started the experiments of the near-infrared tomography for the small animals on the basis of this technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Amino acids in urine and plasma of urolithiasis patients.

Urine and plasma amino acids in healthy males and patients with calcium stones, were analyzed for thirty-four amino acids. There was no difference in urinary excretion of thirty-two amino acids between the two groups. Plasma values of taurine, aspartic acid, hydroxyproline, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, cystathionine, ornithine and lysine were significantly higher in controls than in stone formers. Of these amino acids, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and lysine are the main amino acids of matrix protein in renal stones. The levels of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and lysine in the serum of normal individuals were higher than those in plasma. On the basis of the findings, these amino acids may form soluble complexes with calcium and heparin in stone formers. It is also possible that some amino acids act as promoters or inhibitors in the pathogenesis of calcium oxalate stones.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Ammonium urate urinary stone: its surface structure and incidence in Japan.

We report on a middle-aged woman with a stone in the right kidney, derived from ammonium urate. Its surface structure was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Ammonium urate is a very rare component of urinary stones in industrialized countries, and they are thought to have an incidence of lower than 0.1% in Japan. The aetiology of ammonium urate-derived stones was investigated from an endemo-epidemiological viewpoint.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of prolactin on the active Na transport across Rana catesbeiana skin during metamorphosis.

The effect of long-term application of prolactin (PRL) on active Na transport across the abdominal skin of Rana catesbeiana tadpoles during metamorphosis was investigated. At Taylor-Kollros stage XX, the potential difference (PD) and short-circuit current (SCC) across the skin were absent and resistance to an active Na current (RNa) was infinite. At stage XXI, the PD and SCC clearly appeared and increased thereafter. The RNa after stage XXI remained at a relatively constant value of about 5-10 k omega.cm2, whereas the electromotive force of the active Na current (ENa) greatly increased in stages XXI-XXII. It thus appears that Na channels are first formed at stage XXI, and that the Na pump rapidly develops during stages XXI-XXII. Long-term application of PRL was started at both stage XXI (when PD, SCC, and ENa are still low) and stage XXV (when PD, SCC, and ENa are high). Prolactin (20 micrograms/g body wt) was injected every other day for 2 weeks. Since the PD, SCC, and ENa remained low after the injection was started at stage XXI, early treatment with PRL apparently inhibits the differentiation of the Na pump (i.e., ENa). By contrast, treatment with PRL starting at stage XXV decreased the PD and SCC and increased the RNa, but was without effect of the ENa of this group. It appears that PRL has no effect on the Na pump already differentiated, although it inhibits the maintenance of Na channels formed in earlier stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Seasonal variations in the effect of prolactin on the short-circuit current across bullfrog skin.

The effect of serosal application of ovine prolactin (PRL) on the short-circuit current (SCC) across the abdominal skin of larval or adult Rana catesbeiana was compared between two seasons, spring-summer and autumn-winter. Prolactin induced a transient increase in SCC in Cl-Ringer's solution, to a greater extent in spring-summer than in autumn-winter. The skin of stage XXV frogs was more sensitive to PRL than the skin of adult frogs. On the other hand, PRL had no effect on SCC in SO4-Ringer's solution either in summer or in autumn.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Detection of reactivating pseudorabies virus in tissue by immunoperoxidase technique.

Reactivation of pseudorabies virus (PRV) was induced in pigs by prednisolone treatment. The virus was re-isolated from nasal secretions of four, brain cortex of two and mandibular lymph node of three out of 12 pigs, respectively. The characteristic lesion of recurrently infected pigs was focal necrosis in the brain cortex and mandibular lymph node, accompanied by reactivating virus particles in the degenerating cells. Coincident with the pathological lesions, PRV antigen was detected in two of the brain cortex and six of the mandibular lymph node specimens by immunoperoxidase staining. These results suggest that the immunoperoxidase technique was more sensitive than virus isolation for demonstrating the reactivity of PRV in recurrently infected pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Three-year disease-free survivors of small cell lung cancer treated with combination chemotherapy with or without chest irradiation.

One hundred and seventy-four patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with combination chemotherapy, with or without chest radiation, were analyzed. Fourteen patients (8%) survived for 3 years or more. Three-year disease-free survival continued for 12 of the 101 patients (12%) with limited disease, and one of 75 (1%) with extensive disease (P less than 0.05). Patients' sex and performance status were not important in achieving long-term survival. All disease-free survivors, except two who could not be evaluated, achieved a complete response. Although the treatment programs had some influence on the long-term survival rates (P less than 0.05), thoracic radiation did not have significant impact on long-term survival. Three of the 13 patients (23%) developed second malignancies and died, and one of these patients also suffered from a progressive neurologic deterioration with dementia. Two other patients died free of SCLC. Consequently, eight have remained alive and free of disease. The last relapse was observed at 1.5 years from beginning of treatment. The disease-free survival may offer the hope of cure of SCLC. However, the survivors are at an increased risk of developing late complications including second malignancies and neurologic abnormalities. Therefore, careful follow-up will be necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bilateral tectal projection of single nigrostriatal dopamine cells in the rat.

Employing fluorescent retrograde double/triple labeling techniques, we found that a substantial population of substantia nigra pars reticulata cells send divergent axon collaterals to both the ipsilateral striatum and bilateral superior colliculi in the rat. These multi-collateralized neurons were localized predominantly in the ventrolateral portion of the substantia nigra pars reticulata at its rostral level. Furthermore, tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence histochemistry combined with fluorescent retrograde tracing techniques showed that the vast majority (more than 85%) of such specifically branched cells are dopaminergic. This novel nigral cell population seems to be in a strategic position to evoke dopamine-mediated motor impairments (i.e. abnormal saccadic eye movements in Parkinsonism) and/or behavioral syndromes (i.e. compulsive turning behavior) through the GABA-containing nigrotectal pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Magnesium-to-calcium ratio in tap water, and its relationship to geological features and the incidence of calcium-containing urinary stones.

We examined the relationship among magnesium and calcium content in tap water, the geological features and urinary stone incidence in Japan. The magnesium-to-calcium ratio in tap water correlated negatively with the incidence of urolithiasis. There was no correlation between calcium and magnesium concentration in tap water and urinary stone incidence. Geological features in Japan were classified into 5 groups. The magnesium-to-calcium ratio in the basalt areas was higher than in the other areas, while ratio in the granite areas was low. In the sedimentary rock areas calcium and magnesium concentrations were high; the magnesium-to-calcium ratio in these areas was between those of the basalt and granite areas. The limestone areas had a much higher calcium concentration. The incidence of urinary stones in the sedimentary rock and basalt areas was lower than that of the granite areas, while that in the limestone areas was the highest. Thus, the incidence of urinary stone is related to the magnesium-to-calcium ratio in tap water and the geological area.

Calcium↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of reruptured cerebral aneurysms and the prophylactic effects of barbiturate therapy on the early stage.

During the past seven years, we have studied 661 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Rebleeding occurred in 65 cases (10%) and, within this group, 43 cases (70%) rebled within the first 6 hours after initial subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Analysis of these 43 cases led to the following conclusions: 22 patients incurred rebleeding from causes such as transfer (6 cases), neuroradiological examinations (13 cases), and tracheal intubation during anaesthesia etc. (3 cases), while no special causative factors were discovered in the other 21 cases. Rebleeding occurred in 19 patients even while on absolute bed rest and in 11 patients who had induced systemic arterial hypotension (under 140 mmHg) through treatment. Six cases experienced rebleeding while undergoing angiography within 6 hours after the first subarachnoid haemorrhage. Eight of 17 reruptured anterior cerebral complex (Acom) aneurysm cases and 8 of 11 reruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm cases had an intracerebral haematoma on initial CT-scan following the first attack, demonstrating that the risk of rebleeding was very high in cases of intracerebral haematoma. The mortality rate for these rebleeding cases was high i.e. 65%. Therefore, because the time factor could precipitate rebleeding, early transfer and operation was considered optimal for minimizing rebleeding soon after an aneurysm rupture, even though angiography within 6 hours of the first SAH was a serious risk. Barbiturate therapy, performed as early as possible for serious cases, was considered to be effective in preventing rebleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Parathyroid carcinoma in a case of chronic renal failure on dialysis.

The combination of chronic renal failure plus parathyroid adenocarcinoma is very rare. A 53-year-old female had been on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure for 7 years. For 2 years she has had bilateral knee joint pain, hypercalcemia and an increased parathyroid hormone level. Swelling of parathyroid gland was diagnosed and it was excised. Histological examinations of the excised right lower parathyroid gland revealed adenocarcinoma and the left lower gland showed hyperplasia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

External control of drug release. IV. Controlled release of 5-fluorouracil from a hydrophilic polymer matrix by microwave irradiation.

A polymeric system capable of delivering 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at increased rates on demand by external microwave irradiation was developed. Sustained-release systems were made by incorporating 5-FU into an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. When exposed to release medium, the delivery systems released the drug slowly and continuously. Upon exposure to microwave irradiation, the drug was released at a much higher rate. Release rates returned to base line levels when the microwave irradiation was discontinued. This study demonstrated that release rates of 5-FU from a polymer matrix can be increased at desired times by external microwave irradiation.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1989

[Intraoperative radiation therapy for malignant glioma].

Intraoperative radiation therapy (IOR) is an ideal means of exterminating residual tumor after surgical resection. In this study, the clinical results of IOR using a Scanditronix Microtron MM-22 were evaluated in 14 patients with malignant glioma, five of whom had recurrent tumors. Between July, 1985 and October, 1986, 11 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GB) were irradiated 18 times (mean, 1.6 times/case), and three with astrocytoma (Kernohan grade III) underwent IOR once each. The target-absorbed dose at 1 to 2 cm deeper than the tumor resection surface was 15 to 50 Gy. During irradiation, a cotton bolus was placed in the dead space after over 91% of the tumor had been resected. As a rule, external irradiation therapy was also given postoperatively at a dose of 30 to 52 Gy. One patient died of pneumonia and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome 1 month postoperatively. The 1- and 2-year survival rates of the remaining 13 patients were 84.6% and 61.5%, respectively; among the 10 with GB, they were 80% and 50%. Generally, the smaller the tumor size, the better the results. There were no adverse effects, despite the dose 15 to 50 Gy applied temporally to the tumor bed. IOR was especially effective against small, localized tumors, but was not always beneficial in cases of large tumors, particularly those with a contralateral focus. The improved survival rate in this series demonstrates that IOR is significantly effective in the "induction of remission" following surgical excision of malignant gliomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of the interval from dinner until retiring on the concentration of lithogenic substances during sleep].

The relationship between the interval from dinner until retiring and the concentration of various substances secreted into the urine during sleep was studied in 69 healthy men who had eaten the same meal. The specific gravity and the concentrations of creatinine, uric acid and magnesium in the morning spot urine were highest in subjects who had retired within 2 hours after dinner. The concentrations of calcium and oxalate in the morning spot urine were highest in those who had retired between 2 and 4 hours. The specific gravity and urinary concentrations of creatinine, uric acid and oxalate were markedly higher in those with the interval less than 4 hours than in those 4 hours or longer. The concentrations of calcium, magnesium and citrate were not significantly different between the two groups. From these results, we recommend that the interval from dinner until retiring be prolonged and fluid be drunk before going to bed to decrease the concentration of lithogenic substances during sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Isolation and characterization of new thiol protease inhibitors estatins A and B.

New thiol protease inhibitors, estatins A and B, were isolated from the culture filtrate of Myceliophthora thermophila M4323. The basic, water-soluble inhibitors were characterized as having an agmatine, trans-epoxysuccinic acid and L-phenylalanine or L-tyrosine moieties in the structure. The molecular formulas C18H25N5O5 and C18H25N5O6 for A and B were indicated by elemental analysis and fast atom bombardment MS. Estatins were specific inhibitors against thiol proteases such as papain, ficin and bromelain. They suppressed IgE antibody production in mice, but not IgG.

Agmatine↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of malignant pleural effusion].

A malignant pleural effusion in the patients with cancer is one of the common complications that make the patients critically ill condition without the adequate treatment. The present paper reviewed the literature concerning the clinical results of all techniques designed to treat this problem. We would like to recommend intrapleural administration of several sclerosing agents with tube thoracostomy as the technique of choice. We also showed the results obtained in our hospital using intra pleural IL-2 instillation.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗