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Biomedical subjects

M Sundaram

Publications and source records attributed to M Sundaram.

282 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Paraganglionomas in the neck.

Three paraganglionomas in the neck investigated by angiography are presented. The value of angiography in these tumours is stressed, and one case showed distinctive radiological features hitherto undescribed which probably constitute a basis for the definitive preoperative diagnosis of malignant lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Paravertebral ossification in psoriasis and Reiter's disease.

In a retrospective study of psoriatic arthropathy and Reiter's disease, it is shown that paravertebral ossification (PVO), of the type described by Bywaters and Dixon (1965) and other types of non-marginal syndesmophytes (McEwan et al., 1971) may be the sole or major radiological abnormality. This sign is of particular value where the appearances of the sacro-iliac or other joints are normal or equivocal and is at least as significant as the peripheral I.P. joint involvement in the hands, where these conditions are suspected. This radiological sign may precede the typical psoriatic rash.

Arthritis, Reactive↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of soft tissue masses: an evaluation of fifty-three histologically proven tumors.

Fifty-three histologically confirmed soft tissue masses in 48 patients were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MR) and computerized tomography (CT). Twenty-three of these were malignant, twenty-three benign and seven of intermediate malignancy (all aggressive fibromatosis). The two procedures were compared for sensitivity and delineation of masses, their relationship to important neurovascular structures, their potential for histological diagnoses, their relative roles in influencing the surgical approach and the preferred modality in the follow-up for detection of tumor recurrence. Both modalities have their relative strengths and weaknesses. However, the superior contrast resolution of magnetic resonance imaging, its demonstration of lesions not clearly identified by CT, its pluridirectional capabilities and its ability to demonstrate large soft tissue tumors in a single coronal or sagittal plane makes it the preferred initial modality for evaluation of the soft tissue tumor of uncertain etiology and also in the follow-up of these patients. Despite MR's superiority in anatomically staging soft tissue tumors it, like CT, is of limited value in characterizing soft tissue sarcomas.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transport of antiviral 3'-deoxy-nucleoside drugs by recombinant human and rat equilibrative, nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR)-insensitive (ENT2) nucleoside transporter proteins produced in Xenopus oocytes.

In the present study, one has determined the relative role of plasma membrane equilibrative (Na+-independent) ENT nucleoside transport proteins (particularly ENT2) in the uptake of antiviral nucleoside analogues for comparison with the previously reported drug transport properties of concentrative (Na+-dependent) CNT nucleoside transport proteins. The human and rat nucleoside transport proteins hENT1, rENT1, hENT2 and rENT2 were produced in Xenopus oocytes and investigated for their ability to transport three 3'-deoxy-nucleoside analogues, ddC (2'3'-dideoxycytidine), AZT (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine) and ddI (2'3'-dideoxyinosine), used in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy. The results show, for the first time, that the ENT2 transporter isoform represents a mechanism for cellular uptake of these clinically important nucleoside drugs. Recombinant h/rENT2 transported ddC, ddI and AZT, whilst h/rENT1 transported only ddC and ddI. Relative to uridine, h/rENT2 mediated substantially larger fluxes of ddC and ddI than h/rENT1. Transplanting the amino-terminal half of rENT2 into rENT1 rendered rENT1 transport-positive for AZT and enhanced the uptake of both ddC and ddI, identifying this region as a major site of 3'-deoxy-nucleoside drug interaction.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT characteristics of aortic atherosclerotic aneurysm versus aortic dissection.

In an attempt to better define criteria for the diagnosis of atherosclerotic aneurysm (AA) and aortic dissection (AD) using CT the scans of 60 documented aortic lesions were reviewed. Hyperdensity of the aortic wall at multiple levels was found to be specific for AD. Central displacement of atheromatous calcification and deformity of the residual aortic lumen were more common in AD than in AA. Peripheral location of aortic wall calcification and a round aortic lumen in cross section were more common in AA than in AD. Central calcification in AA appeared to be associated with a serious short-term prognosis in several cases. A thickened aortic wall of low density was more common in AA than in acute AD, but this relationship was not significant when acute and chronic ADs were considered as a single group. Wall thickness correlated with cross-sectional size of the aortic lesion in AA but not in AD. The mean maximum wall thickness exceeded 1 cm for both AA and AD and was not significantly different between the two; contrary statements have been made in the angiographic literature.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of omental liver packs.

Hypodense liver lesions with attenuation coefficients indicative of fat density were seen on CT of three patients followed up for suspected metastatic spread of gastrointestinal malignancy. Knowledge of previous hepatic surgery using omental packing for hemostasis in the setting of liver trauma or lobectomy was useful in preventing a false-positive interpretation of postoperative complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-traumatic spinal synovial cyst with spondylolysis: CT features.

A spinal synovial cyst at L2-L3 produced obstruction at myelography and simulated an intraspinal tumor on CT. The CT recognition of bilateral spondylolysis of L3 suggested the possibility of a mobile posterior arch of L3 and associated synovial herniation. This was verified at surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II study of vinorelbine with low dose prednisone in the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer.

A phase II trial of vinorelbine and low dose prednisone in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer was conducted in order to investigate its safety, efficacy and impact on quality of life. Vinorelbine was administered at the dose of 25 mg/m(2) i.v. weekly for 12 weeks and then biweekly, along with 10 mg of daily oral prednisone until time of progression. Fourteen patients, median age of 74 years, were treated. The treatment was generally well tolerated with leukopenia and anemia as the major side effects. One patient achieved partial remission and eleven remained with stable disease. One of the eleven patients with stable disease had a dramatic PSA response from 1000 to 236 ng/ml; seven of these progressed after week twelve when vinorelbine was given biweekly. PSA response occurred in 5 of 14 patients. The median time to progression was 28 weeks and the median survival was 17 months. Nine out of the 14 accrued patients were evaluable for quality of life assessment. Five of them improved, three remained unchanged and two had a slight worsening. Four patients had improvement in pain control and fatigue. Our preliminary data suggest that the combination of vinorelbine/prednisone has modest activity in metastatic prostate cancer with a very favorable toxicity profile and is very well tolerated in this group of elderly patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗