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Biomedical subjects

M Storandt

Publications and source records attributed to M Storandt.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Stimulus size and performance on two subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale by younger and older adults.

Younger and older adults performed the picture completion and picture arrangement subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale under three conditions of stimuli size; standard, larger than standard, and smaller than standard. Although the commonly observed age differences on these two performance tests of intelligence were obtained, the size of the stimuli did not influence the test scores of either younger or older adults. It would appear that visual acuity does not contribute in a significant way to the classic pattern of age-related deficits in perceptual-integrative intelligence.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The impact of memory on age differences in digit symbol performance.

The roles of memory and unnecessary reliance on the coding key were examined in relation to age differences in performance on the WAIS Digit Symbol test. Old and young adults were trained to a stringent criterion of learning the digit-symbol pairings before carrying out the task. Their performances on the Digit Symbol test were then compared to performances of control subjects who had not learned the digit-symbol pairs. Memory training had no effect on the performances of older adults; it did benefit slightly the performances of younger persons. Unnecessary reliance on the coding key was examined by allowing the use of the Digit Symbol key, even when it was not needed. There were no significant differences between the performances of either old or young adults who had the key as compared to those who did not. It was concluded that neither memory nor unnecessary reliance on the coding key explain the difficulties older adults experience in performing digit-symbol substitutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Recall and recognition of old information in relation to age and sex.

Recall and recognition memory were tested in 120 men and women from each of six age decades, 20-29, 30 to 39...70 to 79. The memory test was of items which had occurred long ago, ranging from 1910-1919 to the 1970s, covering socio-historic events and events from the world of entertainment. Unlike with newly acquired information, the difference between recall and recognition memory for this type of naturally obtained information was similar for all age groups. Thus, retrieval deficits as a function of age were not observed. The memory for this type of information was good throughout most of the lifespan. Although an interaction between the age of the subject and the age of the information was found, contrary to previous results no one age period appeared best for information encoding.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Remote memory as a function of age and sex.

Memory for events which occurred between 1910 and 1969 was examined in individuals ranging in age from 20 to 80 years. Two types of events were included: Those which represented happenings of historical significance and those which dealt with the entertainment world of the past. Men were found to recall historical items significantly better than women, while entertainment items were equally well recalled by the two sexes. Age of peak memory for past events from the entertainment world increased with the age of the item; individuals seemed to remember best those events which occurred in their youth or young adulthood. This pattern was not replicated with respect to the historical current events items; however, these items may be a biased test of remote memory in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Predicting death from behavioral test performance.

This study described several brief behavioral measures which, with further validation, could be useful in predicting the deaths of older adults within a five-year period following testing. Such tests can be used in routine biomedical examinations, alerting the physician to possible problems in the future. The study was based on a battery of 18 tasks as well as 8 measures of health, social activity, and demographic characteristics administered to 380 healthy men and women aged 60 to 89 years. Five years later, the scores of those who had subsequently died (N = 83) were compared with a matched sample of those still living. Thirteen of the 18 task performances significantly distinguished between those still living and those who died. Discriminative analyses were carried out, and the discriminative score cut-offs correctly classified 66% of the subjects as to survival status.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1975

Misuse of analysis of covariance in aging research and some partial solutions.

Gerontological researchers are reminded of the inappropriateness of analysis of covariance wherein the covariate is correlated with the independent variable, typically age. Two partial solutions are suggested that deal with the confounding of age effects with such uncontrolled variables as, for example, initial ability level or level of education.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Predictors of a dimension of well-being in the relocated healthy aged.

One hundred twenty-two subjects aged 61 to 88 years were given a wide variety of tests around the time they moved to an apartment complex in which independent living and self-care was necessary. After living in their apartments approximately 15 mo., they were rated for how well they were faring in terms of a clinical dimension, from "played out" to "vital." Of 25 predictor variables, 14 were related to this dimension. Two were especially prominent--the WAIS Comprehension subtest and the Crossing-Off psychomotor task.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Qualitative vocabulary test responses and age.

Vocabulary test responses, as traditionally scored were compared to these same responses when scored for finer nuances of understanding, as determined by the criterion of superior synonyms. It was hypothesized that the latter would be more related to age in a deficit pattern than the former. The results partly supported the hypothesis and partly not. In the context of the positive results, it is not clear whether the aged cannot, or simply do not, give synonym responses as readily as the young. It may be more of a cohort preference not to, rather than an age limitation of intellectual ability.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Maintenance of function in relocation of community-dwelling older adults.

Relocation is often seen as a high-risk stress for the elderly. The present study compared relatively healthy older people moving voluntarily with nonmovers. An examination of behavioral test performance in a pre-post design revealed no decrement in function among those who changed residence. The proscription against relocation of older adults would appear to best be tempered with a careful examination of the conditions surrounding the move and the particular population involved. If there is indeed risk in the relocation of the institutionalized aged, there appears to be no necessary comparable risk among the noninstitutionalized old.

Activities of Daily Living↗