Absence of somatic mutations within the Runt domain of AML2/RUNX3 in acute myeloid leukaemia.
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
M Stock
Publications and source records attributed to M Stock.
Rapid method for arrayed investigation of IgE-reactivity profiles using natural and recombinant allergens.
BACKGROUND: The availability of increasing numbers of purified natural and recombinant allergens offer the possibility for component-resolved characterization of IgE binding. To make use of this potential, fast and simple methods with high capacity have to be developed. METHODS: A laboratory multiscreen device was used in an innovative two-dimensional approach. In the first step, natural and recombinant allergens were immobilized onto the membrane using the sample chambers as application mask and, after blocking and rotating the membrane through 90 degrees, the same device was used to apply and incubate sera of allergic patients. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) quantification of specific IgE was performed for purposes of comparison. RESULTS: Proteins were most efficiently bound onto nitrocellulose in 20 mM sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Up to 45 proteins or extracts could be investigated with a maximum of 45 sera in a single application, resulting in a resolution of 2,025 spots on one membrane with a size comparable to a standard Western blot. A high correlation for IgE-binding between natural and recombinant allergens was observed. Development of the membrane resulted in very evenly distributed square patterns. The results corresponded with the conventional ELISA measurements of specific IgE. CONCLUSIONS: The innovative usage of a standard incubation device for both application of proteins as well as screening of sera provides a simple high throughput method for the characterization of IgE binding to allergens. The results are important for component resolved diagnosis of allergy by means of fast monitoring of IgE- and IgG-reactivity spectra. Recombinant allergens may be used as targets for these purposes.
Allergens↗
Father-child contact in inner-city African American families with maternal HIV infection.
This study examines father-child contact in inner-city African American families with maternal HIV infection. Participants were 246 African American women, 40% of whom are infected with HIV, and one of their non-infected children. Children from non-infected families were more likely to have fathers who are alive and who are living in the home. In addition, regardless of whether or not the father lived in the home, these children had more frequent father contact than children from families with maternal HIV infection. Explanations and implications of the findings are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Microvascular reconstruction and tracheotomy are significant determinants of resource utilization in head and neck surgery.
BACKGROUND: Successful "critical pathway" design and implementation are dependent on appropriate patient stratification according to those factors that are primary determinants of resource utilization. OBJECTIVES: To test the validity of our previously reported critical pathway design and to determine whether tracheotomy and microvascular reconstruction (MR) are primary determinants of resource utilization. DESIGN: Cost-effectiveness analysis. SETTING: Tertiary referral academic institution. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data from 133 head and neck surgery cases in which the treatment regimen was based on critical pathways over a 26-month period. OUTCOME MEASURES: Length of stay and total patient charges were used as indices of resource utilization. One-way analysis of variance and t tests were used for statistical analysis of significance. RESULTS: Ninety patients (67.7%) underwent MR; 43 (32. 3%) did not. Seventy-five patients (56.4%) underwent tracheotomy; 58 (43.6%) did not. Four patient groups were constructed in decreasing order of complexity as follows: group 1, patients who underwent both tracheotomy and MR (n = 58); group 2, patients who underwent MR alone (n = 32); group 3, patients who underwent tracheotomy alone (n = 17); and group 4, patients who did not undergo either procedure (n = 26). Both tracheotomy and MR were found to be independent determinants of resource utilization and were additive when both were present. The length of stay varied from 8.4 days (in patients who underwent both procedures) to 6.7 days (in patients who did not undergo either procedure), with intermediate values in cases in which only 1 procedure was performed. The total charges varied in a similar manner from a high of $33,371 to a low of $19,994. Subanalysis with respect to intensive care unit, ward, and operating room charges showed a similar stratification. CONCLUSION: Tracheotomy and MR are both significant determinants of charges and length of stay in head and neck surgery cases and must be considered in the design of strategies to promote efficient resource utilization.
Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
Orphans of the AIDS epidemic in the United States: transition-related characteristics and psychosocial adjustment at 6 months after mother's death.
This study has two purposes: (1) to describe the characteristics related to the transition to orphanhood for children whose mothers die from AIDS and (2) to examine the psychosocial adjustment of these children at six months following maternal death. Twenty orphans and a control sample of 40 children from the same neighbourhoods, as well as their mothers or care-givers, served as participants. Two assessments occurred: (1) prior to the death of the mother in the orphan group and (2) six months after her death. The results indicated that relatives, particularly maternal grandparents, became the new care-giver of the orphans, no more than one residential move had occurred following the mother's death, and the new care-givers were providing a stable home environment. Child psychosocial adjustment did not change following maternal death.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Mutation analysis of core binding factor A1 in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia.
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a dominantly inherited disorder characterized by patent fontanelles, wide cranial sutures, hypoplasia of clavicles, short stature, supernumerary teeth, and other skeletal anomalies. We recently demonstrated that mutations in the transcription factor CBFA1, on chromosome 6p21, are associated with CCD. We have now analyzed the CBFA1 gene in 42 unrelated patients with CCD. In 18 patients, mutations were detected in the coding region of the CBFA1 gene, including 8 frameshift, 2 nonsense, and 9 missense mutations, as well as 2 novel polymorphisms. A cluster of missense mutations at arginine 225 (R225) identifies this residue as crucial for CBFA1 function. In vitro green fluorescent protein fusion studies show that R225 mutations interfere with nuclear accumulation of CBFA1 protein. There is no phenotypic difference between patients with deletions or frameshifts and those with other intragenic mutations, suggesting that CCD is generally caused by haploinsufficiency. However, we were able to extend the CCD phenotypic spectrum. A missense mutation identified in one family with supernumerary teeth and a radiologically normal skeleton indicates that mutations in CBFA1 can be associated exclusively with a dental phenotype. In addition, one patient with severe CCD and a frameshift mutation in codon 402 had osteoporosis leading to recurrent bone fractures and scoliosis, providing first evidence that CBFA1 may help maintain adult bone, in addition to its function in bone development.
Bone and Bones↗
Critical pathways for head and neck surgery. Development and implementation.
OBJECTIVE: To design, implement, and study the effectiveness of 4 new critical pathways relevant to head and neck oncological care. DESIGN: Before-after trial. SETTING: Tertiary referral academic institution. PATIENTS: Sixty-eight patients admitted for head and neck oncological surgery or chemotherapy from December 1, 1995, through May 31, 1996; 30 patients with similar diagnoses and who underwent surgical procedures from December 1, 1994, to December 1, 1995, who served as historical controls. INTERVENTIONS: Implementation of 4 critical pathways: chemotherapy, clean head and neck surgery, clean contaminated head and neck surgery, clean contaminated head and neck surgery with reconstructive flap. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Length of stay, cost of hospitalization, and variance tracking (deviations from established standards). RESULTS: The length of stay for the clean contaminated group without flap reconstruction decreased by 1.5 days, and costs decreased by $7407 per patient (P < .05, Student t test). The length of stay decreased 1.6 days in the clean contaminated group with flap reconstruction, and costs decreased $9845 per patient (P < .05, Student t test). Nine patients (13%) experienced a prolonged length of stay while on a critical pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of critical pathways has resulted in a decreased overall length of stay and cost of hospitalization. It has also allowed for better coordination and documentation of patient care, while the tracking of variances has simplified problem identification and correction.
Critical Pathways↗
Community reactions to reproductive health care at three school-based clinics in Louisiana.
Despite the growing success of school-based health care during the past two decades, the issue of providing reproductive health care at school-based health centers remains controversial. In this article, focus group data from three school-based centers in Louisiana, each in different stages of development, demonstrates how the controversies about reproductive health may frame more general concerns about school-based care. In addition, community readiness to address directly problematic sexual behavior relates not only to the specific needs and priorities of the community but to recognition of the negative effect of the consequences of sexual behavior such as pregnancy, high drop out, and absenteeism rates on a community's educational, rather than social, goals and values.
Adolescent↗
How to ask for a promotion.
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Career Mobility↗
[Reopening of chronic coronary occlusions--initial references for prognostic indications].
Today indication for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is based on typical chest pain and objective signs of myocardial ischemia during exercise. Especially in chronic coronary occlusions, however, prognostic implications may play an increasing role in the future. The case report describes long-term follow-up of a patient in whom a chronic complete occlusion of the right coronary artery could be reopened successfully back in September 1988. At this time, the peripheral part of the occluded RCA was filled retrogradely by septal collaterals from the LAD. After reopening the patient remained symptom-free for more than two years. In January 1991 again severe angina recurred and ECG showed a non-transmural anterior myocardial infarction. The LAD was occluded proximal and the peripheral part was filled retrogradely by septal collaterals coming from the right coronary artery which was still open (flow reversal). Left ventricular function was only slightly impaired and the LAD occlusion could be reopened successfully too. The case suggests that prognostic implications should be taken into consideration in addition to symptoms especially in complete coronary occlusions.
Aged↗
Career planning: what to say when the recruiter calls.
Professional recruiters often contact pharmacists about changing jobs. Through their relationship with employers and their knowledge of changing job trends, recruiters can place pharmacists into rewarding, uncommon positions. However, choosing a recruiter is like choosing a doctor or lawyer; you must ask the right questions. Finding a recruiter you enjoy working with is a good first step toward proper career management.
Career Mobility↗
In vivo utilization of N-(phosphonomethyl)-anilines and related substances by Pseudomonas spec. GS.
Utilization of various phosphonates as source for phosphorus by the glyphosate degrading strain Pseudomonas spec. GS was investigated. Metabolites of phosphonate degradation were characterized indicating the cleavage of the C-P-bound as primary step of breakdown. The phosphonate N-(phosphonomethyl)-4'-nitroazobenzene-4-amine (azophon) was characterized as a suitable substrate for detection of C-P-bond splitting activity in vivo. Pseudomonas cells permeabilized by toluene treatment were also capable of phosphonate degradation whereas no in vitro activity of a putative C-P-bond cleaving enzyme was detectable after cell disruption.
Aniline Compounds↗
Persistence of the insecticide dimethoate in three different soils under laboratory conditions.
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Dimethoate↗
Brown adipose tissue cell respiration in hypo- and hyperthyroidism after stimulation with selective and non selective beta-adrenergic agonists.
Brown adipocyte respiration was measured in isolated cells from hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and euthyroid Sprague-Dawley male rats. Hypothyroidism was induced by providing drinking water containing methimazole and hyperthyroidism was induced by addition of thyroid powder to the diet. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) cells were isolated by collagenase digestion and oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured by Clark type oxygen electrodes. BAT cell respiration was stimulated by selective and nonselective beta-adrenergic agonists: BRL 35135A (BRL) and Isoprenaline (ISO). Basal BAT cells respiration did not differ according to thyroid status. Maximal VO2 responses of BAT adipocytes from hypothyroid rats were significantly lower than in euthyroidism after ISO and BRL. The reduced response was more marked for ISO than for BRL. The thermogenic sensitivity was significantly greater in euthyroid than is hypothyroid cells for ISO, but not for BRL. The euthyroid-hyperthyroid differences were not significantly different. These results suggest: basal respiration of BAT cells in hypo- and hyperthyroidism does not reflect the overall changes in whole body metabolism; the decreased thermogenic response in hypothyroidism might be due to decreased beta-adrenoceptor numbers and/or decreased intracellular thyroxine-triiodothyronine conversion; changes in sensitivity to ISO and BRL in vitro reflect the changes seen in VO2 in vivo.
Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
[Glyphosate utilization by Pseudomonas spec. GS].
Pseudomonas spec. GS grown in the presence of 14C-labelled glyphosate metabolizes the herbicide to inorganic phosphate as well as in respect of utilization of the C-skeleton. Furthermore it was shown that the primary step of degradation is the breakdown of the C-P-bond, because sarcosine was found as a transient metabolite.
Amino Acids↗
[Use of fibrin glue in prevention and therapy of intra-abdominal adhesions].
In prevention of the recurrent intestinal obstruction we performed at the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the University of Mannheim a sutureless plication of the small bowel with fibrin glue only over the last 7-year period. The postoperative course was uncomplicated in all patients. The clinical and experimental experiences suggest that the high concentrated human fibrinogen is able to start healing of the lesions of the serosa to prevent intraabdominal adhesions prospectively. Furthermore the time saving and easy procedure is to be stressed. First of all the high risk of tissue necrosis or intestinal perforation due to ischemia by sutures and stitches like in the traditional technique of plication is not present.
Animals↗
[The metabolism of fenazox in tomato plants].
Results from investigations on the metabolism of 14C-Fenazox show that in 6-8 weeks old tomato-plants (sort "Harzfeuer") the agent undergoes a biotransformation. After chromatographic separation the structure of the biotransformation products was elucidated by comparison to authentic test substances, by derivatization as well as by means of physico-chemical methods. With that, the following metabolites were identified: non-transformed Fenazox, o-hydroxyazobenzene, o-hydroxyaniline, and p-hydroxyaniline. Probably, the agent is first transformed enzymatically or non-enzymatically into o-hydroxyazobenzene, then follows a reductive cleavage into o-hydroxyaniline and aniline. In its turn, the latter is transformed into o-hydroxy- and p-hydroxyaniline. Experiments in the field of transformation kinetics indicated that the concentration of the applied Fenazox rapidly decreases and that the first transformation product o-hydroxyazobenzene in the beginning increases and then again decreases in its concentration. With increasing application time it comes to an increase of the non-extractable residues.
Azo Compounds↗
Brown fat, thermogenesis and physiological birth in a marsupial.
Resting oxygen consumption corrected for body size, increased in young marsupials (Bennett's Wallaby) with body weights of 50-400 g. Up to 250 g body wt injections of noradrenaline caused either a fall or no change in metabolic rate, but above this age a significant rise was evoked. This age also corresponded to a rapid increase in growth rate and identification of active brown adipose tissue, assessed from electron microscopy and measurements of purine nucleotide binding to isolated mitochondria.
Adipose Tissue, Brown↗