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Biomedical subjects

M Soudry

Publications and source records attributed to M Soudry.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of two capping materials: in vitro cell culture study].

Evaluation of the biocompatibility of a crown reconstruction material in vivo on human teeth by histologic observation of pulpal reactions is a long lasting and expensive procedure. Before to start it, a first examination can be done by testing the material on cell cultures. If the used culture cells contain antibiotics, it is necessary to combine these tests with a bacteriologic examination of the tested material. Two calcium hydroxide containing materials for dentin-pulp capping, were submitted to cytotoxicity tests using human pulpal fibroblasts cultures. The cytotoxicity of one over the two materials could be related to its lability and bacterial contamination.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1988

Familial recurrent dislocation of patella with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

Recurrent dislocation of the patella is considered to be a manifestation of generalized joint laxity. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance was previously suggested in a few instances; however, male-to-male transmission has not yet been reported. We report a recurrent dislocation of the patella occurring in five generations of one family with male-to-male transmission and without generalized joint laxity.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of a helium-neon laser on cellular growth: an in vitro study of human gingival fibroblasts].

For a better understanding of the clinical effects obtained with lasers of low power on oral wounds, an in vitro study was conducted on human fibroblasts obtained from a primary gingival culture in order to evaluate the effect of one or several irradiations obtained with a Helium-neon laser (632.8 nm, 10 mW). An irradiation of 10 minutes (1.2J/cm2) induced a growth acceleration of the cellular population compared to a non-irradiated control population. The greatest effect was obtained four days after treatment. Furthermore, if the cells were submitted to repeated irradiations every four days, the cellular divisions increased after each treatment. A careful interpretation of these in vitro results on healing time of oral wounds in vivo would suggest that it may be due partly to a recycling actin of low power lasers on resting cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

A composite hip implant.

Composites are made of two or more different components that combine their properties into a new material. By modifying the type or structure or volume of the components, a theoretically endless number of new materials can be produced and their properties can be altered as desired. A composite hip implant made of carbon fiber and polysulfone is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Maturation of composite ligament.

A variety of synthetic fibrillar ligaments are being developed and clinically investigated. The tissue response to the variety of polymeric fibrils is similar. The soft-tissue response to carbon fiber braid substituting for lateral collateral ligament in three human knees and for the anterior cruciate ligament in one was examined 12-42 months after surgery. An advanced stage of maturity of the composite structure was particularly evident by dense bundles of collagen in one of the collateral ligaments and in the substitute for the anterior cruciate ligament. Associated with the newly formed collagen the carbon fibril initially formed unique carbon collagen of composite structural units. Eventually, subsidence of the fibroblast response was accompanied by an increase in density and width of the collagen fibers and by a loss of the configuration of the carbon-collagen units. Even the mature collagenous structure was not comparable to the natural ligament.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical assessment of Maquet tibial tuberosity advancement.

Advancement of the tibial tuberosity (TTA) or Maquet procedure is a controversial procedure. Between 1978 and 1982, 27 consecutive patients were treated by TTA with an average follow-up period of 5.5 years in 25 patients. In eleven cases with concomitant medical compartment osteoarthritis, TTA was combined with high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Patellar pain relief was noted soon after surgery and was sustained in 80% of the patients. Systemic complications included one patient with lethal pulmonary embolus. Local complications occurred as follows: three patients had severe local necrosis of skin, which required a rotation skin flap in two. In one patient, the bone graft displaced, and in two patients, nonunion of this graft was noted. Following appropriate treatment in these six patients their final rating was excellent in two, good in three, and poor in one. Contrary to other reports in the literature, the combination of HTO and TTA was as successful as the Maquet procedure alone. TTA is an important procedure for severe patellofemoral arthritis after all other methods of conservative treatment have been exhausted and no other surgical procedure is clearly indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of total knee replacement design on femoral-tibial contact conditions.

Ten fresh knee specimens with prosthetic components inserted were tested in a loading rig. Compressive and shear force were applied to the femur with the tibia held fixed. The location of the femoral-tibial contact points was measured. The contact reaction forces, the shear forces, and the rocking moments transmitted to the tibial component were calculated. The variations in the test conditions were: high and low compressive force, flexion angles of 0 degree, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees, three curvatures of tibial plastic inserts, and the posterior cruciate retained or resected. When the posterior cruciate was retained, the contact points were close to the center of the component; for cruciate resection, the contacts were close to the anterior of the component. The shear forces and rocking moments were higher for cruciate resection, but the contact reaction forces were lower. There is a wide variety of knee prosthesis designs, but the amount of inherent stability between the femoral and tibial surfaces, and whether the posterior cruciate ligament is retained or sacrificed, are two of the most important design variables. This study shows that cruciate resection increases the shear forces and the rocking moments to the tibial components and that additional fixation means may be necessary to compensate. On the other hand, cruciate retention with low conformity gives higher contact forces, which may lead to more wear in the long term. Cruciate sacrificing designs with intercondylar guiding surfaces are a separate category of design and were not considered in this study.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

Anatomy of the normal knee as seen by magnetic resonance imaging.

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the normal knee. As well as revealing bone quality, MRI provided useful information on intra-articular and extra-articular soft tissues. Midsagittal views gave clear images of the cruciate ligaments, and of the patellar and quadriceps tendons. Parasagittal views were the best for delineating the menisci which, like ligaments and tendons, are of low intensity; the semimembranosus tendon and its insertion to the proximal tibia were also seen clearly in these views. The cruciate ligaments and menisci, though visible in the coronal view also, were better seen in the sagittal view. Axial views provided information on the structure of the patella, its cartilage, the patellofemoral joint and posterior soft-tissue structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nuclear magnetic resonance proton imaging of bone pathology.

Thirty-two patients with diversified pathology were examined with a supraconductive NMR imager using spin echo with different TR and TE to obtain T1 and T2 weighted images. They included 20 tumors (12 primary, eight metastasis), six osteomyelitis, three fractures, two osteonecrosis, and one diffuse metabolic (Gaucher) disease. In all cases except for the stress fractures, the bone pathology was clearly visualized in spite of the normal lack of signal from the compact cortical bone. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging proved to be at least as sensitive as radionuclide scintigraphy but much more accurate than all other imaging procedures including computed tomography (CT) and angiography to assess the extension of the lesions, especially in tumors extended to soft tissue. This is due both to easy acquisition of sagittal and coronal sections and to different patterns of pathologic modifications of T1 and T2 which are beginning to be defined. It is hoped that more experience in clinical use of these patterns will help to discriminate between tumor extension and soft-tissue edema. We conclude that while radionuclide scintigraphy will probably remain the most sensitive and easy to perform screening test for bone pathology, NMR imaging, among noninvasive diagnostic procedures, appears to be at least as specific as CT. In addition, where the extension of the lesions is concerned, NMR imaging is much more informative than CT. In pathology of the spine, the easy visualization of the spinal cord should decrease the need for myelography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Radiographic and scintigraphic evaluation of total knee arthroplasty.

Various radiographic and scintigraphic methods are used to supplement clinical findings in the evaluation of total knee arthroplasty and its complications. Serial roentgenograms offer reliable information for diagnosing mechanical loosening. Wide and extensive radiolucency at the cement-bone interface and shift in position and alignment of prosthetic components can be seen in almost all cases by the time revision is necessary. Radiographic abnormalities are usually not present in acute infection, but are often present in chronic infection. Bone scanning has a high sensitivity for diagnosis of infection or loosening, but is nonspecific because increased uptake is often present around asymptomatic total knee arthroplasties with normal radiographs. Differential bone and Gallium scanning and scanning with Indium 111-labeled leukocytes have a greater specificity for diagnosis of infection than does bone or Gallium scanning alone. Routine radiographic and scintigraphic studies have shown a high incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the calf after total knee arthroplasty. Clinically significant pulmonary embolization is infrequent.

Gallium Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1986

Total knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing.

Twenty-seven knees treated between 1974 and 1980 had a total condylar type knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing; the average follow-up period was 5.2 years. Compared with a previously reported group of 100 consecutive total condylar arthroplasties, the overall results in this series were very similar. However, there was a significant difference in stair-climbing ability, and one-third of the patients could not use the operated knee for this activity. In most knees the patella could be resurfaced. A working hypothesis assumes that the patellar button can be omitted in patients with relatively normal patellar cartilage, or relatively young, active, or obese patients who are considered a high risk for patellar bone fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Total knee arthroplasty in Charcot and Charcot-like joints.

Nine total knee arthroplasties were performed in seven patients with the diagnosis of neuropathic arthropathy. The patients were divided into two groups, classical Charcot and Charcot-like. The histopathological findings in all of the knees, however, were essentially the same. These included hyperplastic synovium with bone and/or cartilage detritus, severe disorganization of the articular cartilage with invasion by a fibrous pannus, and hemosiderin deposits in synovial macrophages. Chronic inflammatory synovitis was noted in all cases. The results of total knee arthroplasty an average of three years after surgery (range, two to 4.25 years) were excellent in eight knees in six patients and good in one knee. Neuropathic knees can be treated by total joint arthroplasty if severe bone loss is corrected by either bone grafting or a custom-augmented prosthesis and if ligamentous balancing is adequately secured.

Aged↗