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Biomedical subjects

M Shirai

Publications and source records attributed to M Shirai.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 for the treatment of erectile impotence.

We administered intracavernous injections of 20 micrograms. prostaglandin E1 to 135 patients with impotence, and evaluated the effects and side effects. Among 135 patients who underwent intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 complete erection was observed in 83 (62 per cent), while incomplete erection was noted in 33 (24 per cent). In both groups the erection was sufficient for sexual intercourse. Tumescence without rigidity was noted in 12 patients and no response was obtained in 7. Poor response was seen frequently in patients with disorders of the vascular system and/or damage to the cavernous body of the penis. Priapism after the injection was not observed. Moreover, we never observed any other severe side effects. Intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 could be applicable to the therapy of impotence, especially that due to neurogenic disturbance. Since prostaglandin E1 acts quickly and loses its validity rapidly it is considered to be a more suitable agent than other vasoactive drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa K-139 strain.

Toxicity of the cells of a newly established axenic Microcystis aeruginosa K-139 strain to mice was studied. LD50 of the cells harvested in the mid-log phase was 7.3 mg/kg. The organs of acute dead mice were examined histopathologically. The blood congestion and necrosis of the parenchymal cells around the central veins in the liver were observed, but other organs seemed to be normal. The liver damage was confirmed by the tests of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities in the sera of the mice after the injection with the K-139 cells. Furthermore, the K-139 cells were capable of inducing interleukin 1 (IL-1) production by peritoneal macrophages in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Development of a solid medium for growth and isolation of axenic microcystis strains (cyanobacteria).

Solid media on a base of B-12 or CB medium with agarose or agarose of low melting temperature were developed for the cultivation of Microcystis species. The media with 0.4% gel showed the highest number of CFU, and increasing the gel concentration resulted in a reduction of the number of CFU. There was no difference in the numbers of CFU between pour and spread plates made of the solid media. By using the solid media, 31 clones of Microcystis species were isolated from natural blooms in Lake Kasumigaura, and 5 axenic strains (1 of M. wesenbergii and 4 of M. aeruginosa) were established from the clones.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Toxicity of Microcystis species isolated from natural blooms and purification of the toxin.

Microcystis strains (2 toxic and 18 nontoxic to mice) were isolated from toxic waterblooms that had been collected from Lake Kasumigaura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, in August 1985. Thirteen of the strains (2 toxic and 11 nontoxic) were Microcystis aeruginosa, 2 (nontoxic) were Microcystis wesenbergii, and the other 5 were difficult to identify. Six (1 toxic and 4 nontoxic M. aeruginosa and 1 M. wesenbergii) of these 20 strains were established as axenic cultures. A toxic and axenic strain of M. aeruginosa, K-139, was used to study the relationship between growth conditions and toxicity. Cells in early-to-mid-log phase showed the highest toxicity (50% lethal dose, 7.5 mg of cells per kg of mouse), and maximum toxicity was not affected by growth temperatures between 22 and 30 degrees C. Purification and characterization of the toxins from K-139 cells were also conducted, and at least two toxins were detected. One of the toxins (molecular mass, 980 daltons) has not been reported previously. The main target of the toxin in mice was the liver. Marked congestion and necrosis in the parenchymal cells around the central veins of the liver were observed microscopically in specimens that had been prepared from the mice with acute toxicity after injection with the toxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Histological changes in the placenta induced by maternal alcohol consumption in the rat.

To investigate the placental enlargement which accompanies maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, Sprague-Dawley rats were given 20% ethanol for 4 weeks prior to mating and 30% ethanol throughout gestation. Pair-fed controls received an isocaloric amount of corn starch and chow, with water ad libitum, and ad libitum controls received rat chow and water. On days 17, 18, 19 and 20 of gestation, placentas were removed for histological observation. On days 18-20, the placentas of alcohol-fed rats weighted significantly more than did those of controls, although there was no difference in weight on day 17. Giant cells in the basal zone were significantly increased in number and size in alcohol-fed rats compared to controls. Trophoblastic cells in the basal zone were significantly larger in the alcohol group than in the control groups except on day 17. The maternal blood channels in the labyrinth were wider and more filled with blood corpuscles in the alcohol group than in either control group. It is concluded that the increased weight of the placenta may be largely due to stagnated maternal blood cells in the labyrinthine blood channels and also to the increased number and size of giant cells and the enlarged trophoblastic cells in the basal zone.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructural evidence that the negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis can operate without the hypothalamus in fetal rats: observation of thyroid follicular cells.

Hypothalamus-independent negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis was studied by electron microscopic observation of thyroid follicular cells of encephalectomized or hypophysectomized fetal rats under hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). Fetal hypophysectomy or encephalectomy was performed on day 19 of gestation. Mother rats were given either a daily amount of 40 mg PTU or saline alone on the day of operation and on the next day. On day 21, their fetuses were obtained. As a result, PTU induced marked goiters even in encephalectomized fetuses, the goiters being comparable in weight to those induced in littermate intact fetuses. Electron microscopically, the follicular lumen was narrowed, microvilli were lengthened with a marked increase in number, and rER was extremely expanded. Follicular cells often confined colloid droplets and lysosomes. Fetal hypophysectomy, even in PTU-treatment, caused a reduction in the thyroid weight, accompanied by flattening of follicular cells, shortening of microvilli, widening of follicular lumen, and shrinkage of rER. These findings would support the view that the negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis can operate without the hypothalamus in fetal rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Luminol-amplified chemiluminescence evaluation of the microbicidal property of alveolar macrophages in response to drugs].

The present study was designed to evaluate the validity of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) to evaluate the microbicidal properties of alveolar macrophages (AM) in response to drugs. It was observed that production of CL is associated with H2O2 as well as O2-, 1O2, .OH. Furthermore, our data revealed that CL is dependent not only upon the extracellular release of these oxygen radicals, but also upon intracellular metabolic events, which thus allows a complete analytical study in any given state. It should also be noted from our data that the effect of antibacterial agents on CL was greatly affected by the source of the target cells. The defect of amplified CL in AM obtained from young rabbits might be attributable to immaturity of AM.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of retroperitoneal abscess accompanying pregnancy].

A 40-year-old pregnant woman, who suffered a continuous episode of fever and anemia since the 26th week of pregnancy, was referred to our clinic for evaluation of her left flank pain and tumor. As retroperitoneal tumor was suspected by retrograde pyelography, sonography and CT, translumbar tumorectomy was performed under general anesthesia. The histological diagnosis was retroperitoneal abscess.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical evaluation of AMS 700 penile prosthesis in the treatment of impotence].

The AMS 700TM & 700 CXTM penile prosthesis was implanted in 34 organic and mixed-type impotent patients between November, 1984 and July, 1988. The patients' ages ranged between 32 and 70, with an average age of 57.2. Twelve weeks after implantation, the prosthesis was evaluated in terms of patient satisfaction with sexual intercourse and postoperative complications. Twenty three patients (67.7%) were highly satisfied, 7 (20.3%) satisfied, 3 (8.8%) dissatisfied and 1 patient worsened (2.9%). Severe complication was found in two cases, both of them being complicated by infection; as a result the prosthesis was removed. Utility of the prosthesis, e.g. effectiveness and safety was; high utility in 26 cases (76.5%), moderate utility in 7 cases (20.6%), and no favorable in one case (2.9%). Thus, overall effectiveness and safety of the AMS 700 penile prosthesis, with its excellent cosmetic appearance upon implantation, were demonstrated by the above findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urethra of patients with urogenital infection].

Between January, 1984 and August 1986, we examined 151 male patients with urogenital infections including 114 cases of urethritis, 18 cases of epididymitis, 19 cases of prostatitis at the outpatient clinic of the department of urology, Toho University's Ohmori Hospital. The positive rate for Chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra based on cell cultures was 29.0%, (30.5% for urethritis, 27.8% for epididymitis, and 21.1% for prostatitis). The positive rate for non-gonorrheal urethritis was 33.0% and chlamydia infections were complicated by gonorrheal urethritis in 23.3% of the cases. The mean age of the patients with positive Chlamydia trachomatis was 31.9 years. The route of infection in 77.8% of the cases was sexual intercourse the most common cause of which was infection from a prostitute in 62.1% of the cases. The latent period was in most cases from 2-3 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical aspects of sarcoidosis with autoantibodies].

Among 64 sarcoidosis cases, 6 cases with autoantibodies or autoimmune disorders are described. All 6 cases were females over 40 years old, and made up 24% of the original 25 patients over 40 years old. Rheumatoid factor was observed in 2 cases, anti-DNA antibody in 4 cases and anti-microsomal antibody in 2 cases. Four cases of sarcoidosis were associated with ITP or Hashimoto's disease or rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of these autoantibodies or autoimmune diseases seemed to correlate with continued disease activity of sarcoidosis. The analysis of the clinical features of sarcoidosis with coexistent autoimmune diseases may clarify immunologic processes involved in the pathogenesis of both disorders and also provide clues to understanding the relatively poor clinical outcome of longstanding sarcoidosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Organ distribution of 3H-endotoxin in rats with liver fibrosis and rats with liver cirrhosis.

The organ distribution of 3H-endotoxin was investigated in rats with CCl4-induced liver injury. Wistar male rats were given water containing phenobarbital (Controls), or were treated with water containing phenobarbital and CCl4 inhalation. Rats inhaling CCl4 for 6 weeks developed liver fibrosis (Group LF), while those inhaling it for 10 weeks developed liver cirrhosis (Group LC). Animals were killed and examined 24 hours after an intravenous injection of 3H-endotoxin (12,000 CPM/l g body weight). Compared with the control rats, the measured amount of 3H-endotoxin per unit weight of spleen, lungs, and blood increased, while that of the liver significantly decreased in the rats of groups LF and LC. These results suggest that endotoxemia may be enhanced by a diminished uptake of endotoxin by the liver in liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Primary carcinoma of seminal vesicle. Diagnosis assisted by sonography.

A case of primary carcinoma of the seminal vesicle in a nineteen-year-old man is described. This patient represents the twelfth case reported in the literature in Japan. The experience gained in this case indicated the potential usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of primary carcinoma of the seminal vesicle.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1988

Diameter and flow velocity changes in small pulmonary vessels due to microembolization.

The pulmonary vascular bed was embolized with glass beads in small doses that induced no significant changes in pulmonary arterial pressure in anesthetized cats. We analyzed changes in internal diameter (ID), flow velocity, and volume flow of embolized and nonembolized arteries simultaneously with ID changes of small veins. In embolized arteries, with 180-, 300-, and 500-microns beads, ID constricted maximally in just proximal portions of the plug by 22, 23, and 17%, respectively, but with 840-microns beads, no ID constriction occurred. With 50-microns beads, the maximum ID constriction occurred in arteries of 200-300 microns but not in those of 100-200 microns. The constriction decreased in the upstream larger arteries and disappeared in those greater than 800 microns ID. In the nonembolized arteries no ID change occurred. Veins constricted slightly compared with arteries. By heparin pretreatment, ID constriction was slightly attenuated in arteries and was almost abolished in veins, whereas it was not affected with hexamethonium bromide. At a branching site, volume flow to an embolized artery decreased because of a decrease in ID and flow velocity, whereas volume flow to a nonembolized artery increased because of an increase in flow velocity. We concluded that pulmonary microembolization induced a vasoconstriction chiefly in small pulmonary arteries upstream to the plug. After embolization, blood flow was locally redistributed from an embolized to a nonembolized artery at a branching site. Arterial vasoconstriction may be mediated chiefly by local mechanical factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A case of adrenal myelolipoma].

A case of adrenal myelolipoma is reported. The patient was a 63-year-old female on whom liver dysfunction was diagnosed and a tumor was detected accidentally in the right adrenal region by ultrasound abdominal test. This patient was the 26th patient from whom this tumor was extirpated in Japan. Reports on similar cases are on the increase owing to the advances in diagnostic imaging. A half of such cases were asymptomatic, and 85% of them were right unilateral cases.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗