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Biomedical subjects

M Shinohara

Publications and source records attributed to M Shinohara.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Regional blood flow, capillary permeability, and glucose utilization in two brain tumor models: preliminary observations and pharmacokinetic implications.

Regional quantitative autoradiographic measurements of blood flow, capillary permeability, and glucose utilization were made in rats harboring an intracerebral Walker 256 metastatic tumor or a well-differentiated oligodendroglioma. Distinct differences were observed between the two brain tumor models; regional differences within the metastatic tumor appeared to be partly related to tumor size. The pharmacokinetic implications of these physiological measurements with respect to drug delivery to tumor tissue are discussed. The interrelationship of commonly used parameters to quantitate transport across the blood-brain barrier--permeability coefficient, permeability-surface area product, transfer constant, extraction fraction, equilibrium half-time, and blood flow--and their relevance to effective brain tumor chemotherapy are demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Familial testicular teratoma in 2 children: familial report and review of the literature.

Familial occurrence of a testicular tumor is rare. We report mature teratomas in 2 first cousins in a consanguineous family. The cases were unique because both tumors were pathologically similar and their onsets were close. Of 34 families with testicular neoplasms reviewed this is the first family composed of 2 affected children with mature teratomas. The analysis of the familial cases showed segregation of twins and a slightly higher incidence of bilateral tumors. The genetic roles are discussed in the etiology of testicular tumor.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

A complement inhibitor produced by Stachybotrys complementi, nov. sp. K-76, a new species of fungi imperfecti.

A complement inhibitor, K-76, was isolated and purified from the culture supernatant of a fungus, Stachybotrys complementi, nov. sp. K-76, isolated from soil of Ishigaki Island, Okinawa. K-76 is a sesquiterpene compound and it can be oxidized to a monocarboxylic derivative (K-76 COOH), the sodium salt of which is very soluble and much less toxic than K-76. K-76 and K-76 COOH both inhibited complement activation by either the classical or alternative pathway. They inhibited generation of the factor chemotactic to human polymorphonuclear leukocytes from human serum by aggregated immunoglobulin. When sensitized erythrocytes were treated with complement in the presence of K-76 COOH, the resulting unlysed cells were found to be in the state of EACl, 4b, 2a, 3b. Thus K-76 COOH is considered to block mainly the C5 intermediate step. K-76 COOH did not inhibit any proteases or esterases tested, except when tested at high concentration.

Chemotactic Factors↗
PubMed1979

Experimental gingivitis in ODU plaque-susceptible rats. III. Toxic activity of the rat dental plaque.

The toxicity tests of the dental plaque from ODU plaque-susceptible rats showed strong lethal effect on mice, and abscess forming effect on guinea-pigs. Bacterial cells isolated from the rat dental plaque also showed strong toxicity on both animals and capillary permeable activity on rabbits. Among these bacterial cells, Corynebacterium showed the strongest toxic effects on these animals. These facts suggested an important role of the dental plaque on initiation and development of gingivitis and that especially Corynebacterium may play an important role on gingivitis in ODU plaque-susceptible rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Functional plasticity in the immature striate cortex of the monkey shown by the [14C]deoxyglucose method.

Autoradiographic representation of the local rates of cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral functional activity by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose technique reveals the existence of the ocular dominance columns in the striate cortex of the monkey in the first day of life. In contrast to the stability of these columns in more mature brain, monocular deprivation for 3 months from the first day of life results in their complete disappearance and a reversion of the autoradiographic pattern to that seen in animals with normal binocular vision. These results are consistent with a reorganization of the representation of the visual fields of the two eyes in the striate cortex and provide additional evidence of the plasticity of the striate cortex of the monkey in early life.

Animals↗