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Biomedical subjects

M Shibayama

Publications and source records attributed to M Shibayama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on glia following brain injury: participation of interleukin-1 beta.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), one of the most important inflammatory cytokines, promotes glia to express intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in vitro. IL-1 is known to be produced in situ immediately after brain insults and recently we have found that glia, including astrocytes, express ICAM-1 in vivo following cortical stab wounds. To evaluate the participation of IL-1 beta in posttraumatic ICAM-1 expression on glia in vivo, we performed the following experiments. A cortical stab wound was made in the brain of a mouse. ICAM-1-immunopositive glia began to emerge around the wound from 6 h postlesioning. The number of cells reached a maximum at 48 h and persisted until 7 days postlesioning. Next, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against IL-1 beta was infused into the wound immediately following the injury. This treatment resulted in a significant reduction of ICAM-1-positive glia at 24 and 48 h postlesioning. We conclude, therefore, that IL-1 beta affects ICAM-1 expression on glia in vivo after experimental brain injury and presumably plays an important role in brain wound repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Alterations of fibrinolytic activity in human during and after hyperbaric oxygen exposure.

To clarify the stage of fibrinolytic activation by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure, we examined its alterations in human during and after the HBO exposure. Eight healthy female volunteers breathed oxygen at 284 kPa (2.8 atmospheres absolute). Blood samples were collected before compression, shortly after compression to the pressure 284 kPa, shortly before the start of decompression, shortly after decompression, and then again 3 hours after decompression. We estimated the euglobulin fibrinolytic activity (EFA) and, the activities and antigens of both tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The PAI-1 activity and PAI-1 antigen showed significant decrease after compression to a pressure 284 kPa, before the start of decompression, and after decompression. The EFA level and t-PA activity rose significantly shortly after decompression, and 3 hours later returned on baseline. These findings suggest that fibrinolytic activity is elicited after HBO rather than during HBO.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Correlation between an enzyme (glutathione S-transferase-pi) and effects of chemotherapy (cisplatin + etoposide)].

OBJECTIVES: We studied the correlation between cisplatin and etoposide chemotherapy and GST-pi staining in patients with untreated primary non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: Of patients diagnosed as having primary lung cancer, 27 patients (26 men, 1 woman; median age 74.9 years) with stage III b or over were studied. Histological types included squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. A course of treatment consisted of cisplatin 100 mg/m2/day x one day and etoposide 100 mg/m2/day x 3 days during 28 days. After 2 courses of treatment, the therapeutic effects were judged and examined in relation to immunostaining levels obtained with anti-GST-pi antibody. RESULTS: Of patients with PR (14), 11 showed GST-pi (-) staining. CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between GST-pi staining and the effects of cisplatin and etoposide chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A predictive and prognostic study on two cases of transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy].

We presented two cases with transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH) of infancy, whose serum alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1, ALP) activity showed markedly increased and the atypical isoenzyme fractions were seen by electrophoresis. These isoenzymes migrated into normal bone ALP region (alpha 2-beta globulin fraction) and fast liver ALP region (fast alpha 2 globulin fraction). From various investigation such as, heat stability, inhibition test by amino acid, neuraminidase treatment and Triton X-100 treatment, former fraction seemed to derive from bone ALP and later fraction from liver ALP. From our study, increment of the activity of alpha 2-beta gl fraction was in advance one month before maximum ALP activity stage, and fast alpha 2 gl fraction followed increasing 3 weeks after that. On the other hand, decreasing of fast alpha 2 gl fraction showed a shorter delay than alpha 2-beta gl fraction. These results suggest that a differential exchange of sugar chain or an impaired clearance of the enzyme from circulation was possibly occurred. It seemed to be important to increase a study of such a predictive and prognostic change of ALP activity and isoenzyme fraction in TH cases.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1996

[Safety evaluation of self-contained-self-rescures--carbon dioxide absorption of SCSRs under heavy work load].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of Self-Contained-Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) under a heavy work load. Three units, two chemical-oxygen (KO2) types and one compressed-oxygen type, were evaluated by a breathing and metabolic simulator and by a human subject. The metabolic rate in the simulator tests was equivalent to light work; the human subject tests were at a heavy work load. With regard to the main physiological stressors imposed by SCSRs, it was found that the inhalation temperature under heavy work conditions was able to be estimated from the data of the light work condition; the breathing resistance had roughly the same relationship under both light and heavy work conditions. On the other hand, for the inhaled carbon dioxide, there was no correlation between the two conditions. It was found that some SCSRs experienced a rapid increase in inhaled carbon dioxide when the metabolic rate of the user exceeded the absorbent capacity of the units. In those cases, the user could not continue walking nor breathing through the unit. To ensure the safety of the user, we propose that the certification standards be changed to include evaluation of carbon dioxide absorbent capacity under heavy work load.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1996

[Health check on divers and compressed air workers].

We have conducted the health check of 3,554 compressed air workers and 1,821 divers, and also examined the incidence and severity of aseptic bone necrosis by using Roentgen pictures. We could classify 4,859 of 5,375 persons into four groups (A-D), based on our classification. We could also classify 4,205 of 5,375 persons that had had a bone X ray examination on the basis of the criteria described by Ota and Matsunaga (A-C). 4,859 persons belonged to four groups: class A (persons who can work, no limitations): 4,099 (84.4%), class B (persons who can work under conditions below 1.0 kg/cm2): 357 (7.3%), class C (persons who had better quit work under hyperbaric conditions, though they are not prohibited by regulations): 183 (3.8%), class D (persons who must be prohibited from working in a hyperbaric environment by laws of the Ministry of Labor): 88 (1.8%). About 90% of compressed air workers and divers (classes A and B) were permitted to work under hyperbaric conditions. Most of those belonging to classes C and D suffered from hypertension, cardiovascular disease and liver dysfunction. The incidence of aseptic bone necrosis was 11.1% (465 out of 4,205 persons). Eight persons (2.2%) belonged to criteria A which means poor prognosis. They were classified into class D. There is no differences between compressed air workers and divers in the incidence of aseptic bone necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A case of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma].

We examined a 63-year-old female, who was referred to our hospital for a thorough examination of abnormal findings on the X-ray which were first detected in May, 1992, and suggested a tumor. After hospital admission, a bracheobronchial lymph node biopsy was performed, and the results suggested a pseudo-lymphoma. However, because the possibility of a malignant tumor was not completely negated and the patient, as well as her family, hoped to receive surgical treatment, we performed the tumor resection. The tumor had a clear border. S6 was 3 x 3.5 x 4 cm, S8 was 2 x 2.5 x 3 cm, and evaluation according to the tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification was T1 N0 M0, i.e., Stage I. In addition to an ordinary histopathological examination, an immunohistochemical examination was conducted for CD19+, CD20+, CD22+, IgD-, CD5-, CD10-. Overall, the tumor was diagnosed as a MALT lymphoma. Investigated IgH, TCR beta, bcl-1 and bcl-2 genes did not show reconstitution. Because it is difficult to differentiate a malignant lymphoma, primarily developed in the lung, from a MALT lymphoma on a morphological examination of a tissue specimen, immunohistochemical and genetic examinations are helpful for making a diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Saturation diving system at high altitude].

Practical saturation diving was firstly performed at high altitude in Japan in 1987. Its work was to change the screen which had covered the pipeline of a hydroelectric dam located 850 meters above sea level, the same operation had been conducted in 1992 and in 1993, 2 times each year (Total = 5 operations) after the work. The saturation dives have lasted from six to eight days on 4 occasions and 13 days (Total duration = 4075 minutes) on 1 occasion, since the initial pressurization until the end of the last decompression. In each operation, there had always been involved 3 divers. They have been compressed to an equivalent depth of 45-73m in the deck decompression chamber (DDC), briefed for work and transferred to the submersible decompression chamber (SDC), which was then submersed to 53-78m of depth. Wearing heated suit and breathing Heliox (both at the same temperature as the inside of the SDC), the divers have been locked out to perform their tasks, all monitored and supervised by the use of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The works have run uneventful and successfully until the end. The water temperature had been higher than the expected, i.e. 9-13 degrees C in all occasions. The inside conditions of the chamber had been the following: partial pressure of nitrogen was from 0.78 ATA; partial pressure of oxygen was from 0.35 to 0.40 ATA; partial pressure of carbon dioxide was less than 0.005 ATA; the inside temperature of the SDC was from 26 to 30 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A fluorescence-based quantitative adhesion assay to study interactions between Entamoeba histolytica and human enterocytes. Effect of proinflammatory cytokines.

In order to study the initial events during infection of target cells by the enteric pathogen Entamoeba histolytica, we developed a quantitative adhesion assay based on the use of a human colonic cell line (CaCo-2) and biotinylated amoebae tagged with fluorescein. To prevent the strong and rapid lytic activity of Entamoeba histolytica on colonic cells, which would otherwise impede the study of the primary adhesion steps, parasites were mildly fixed, biotinylated and labelled with streptavidin-FITC. After labelled parasites have bound to enterocytes, nonadhered amoebae are removed by washing and attached parasites quantified by means of an automated fluorescence plate reader. The bioassay is simple, nonhazardous and can be completed in 1.5 h. We were able to detect ranges from 200 to 20,000 fluorescent parasites per microwell in a 96-well plate, containing approximately 10(5) colonic cells. Fluorescence intensity (arbitrary units) increased in direct relationship to the number of parasites added per well, and was not limited by the size of the culture plate (96, 24 or six wells). As an example of the value of this assay, two proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, (IL-1 beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) known to influence the adhesion properties of endothelial and epithelial cells, were used to assess their effects upon enterocyte-entamoeba binding. The increase in amoebae binding revealed by cytokine treatment to enterocytes suggests that the parasite may take advantage of inflammatory stimuli in order to increase its binding to colonic epithelium. We believe this rapid, sensitive and simple method offers the potential for large scale screening assays to study the immunobiology of this protozoal infection by analysing the mechanisms involved in the primary interactions between Entamoeba histolytica and enterocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Superselective bronchial arterial infusion therapy with cisplatin and epirubicin hydrochloride, mitomycin C-iohexol-Lipiodol emulsion (EMILE) for hilar lung adenocarcinoma: preliminary clinical experience].

A case of hilar lung adenocarcinoma was treated by superselective bronchial arterial infusion therapy with cisplatin and epirubicin hydrochloride, mitomycin C-iohexol-Lipiodol emulsion (EMILE) using Tracker -18 infusion catheter. The tumor size was reduced on follow-up CT scans. However, EMILE was also distributed to nontumorous lung tissues around the tumor, and a shrinkage of the right upper lobe and elevations of the right hilus and diaphragm followed. No major complaints and clinical complications during and after the treatment occurred. This therapy was safe and effective for local tumor reduction in a case of hilar lung adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Spinal xanthogranuloma in a child: case report.

A case of a patient with a xanthogranuloma in the thoracic spine is presented. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural extramedullary tumor between T6 and T9 as a low-intensity mass on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Total removal of this tumor was achieved through a laminoplastic laminectomy. Differentiation of this disease from other xanthogranulomas in the central nervous system is discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

[Electrophysiological studies of a case of startle disease].

A 53-year-old female with startle disease (major form) was reported. An abnormal startle response was the most prominent clinical feature. Physical examination revealed left lateral gaze palsy and left extensor plantar response. The caloric test evoked no responses bilaterally. Blood examinations including lysozomal enzymes and radiological examinations including MRI of the brain were all normal. A pathological startle reflex was elicited by the tap on the upper lip, causing the marked extension of the head with the elbow, hip, and knee joints slightly flexing. The earliest reflex activity in a surface-EMG study was recorded in the masseter muscle and the reflex then spread down the brain stem and the spinal cord. The duration of the discharge varied from 16 to 30 ms. The onset latencies of these responses from the tap were 11.2 ms, 12.7 ms, 14.5 ms, 25.7 ms, 38.5 ms, and 47.5 ms in the masseter, sternocleidomastoid, posterior-neck, biceps brachii, quadriceps femoris, and tibialis anterior muscle, respectively. An averaged electroencephalogram triggered by the taps showed no abnormal EEG activity preceding the pathological startle response, although a negative peak, which was thought as a normal early component of the trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials, was followed by the reflex. High amplitude SEPs and long loop reflexes were observed following stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve but not of the median nerve. Blink reflexes and auditory evoked potentials were normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Electrophysiology↗
PubMed1990

[Working ability between air and trimix breathing gas under 8 ATA air condition].

Pneumatic caisson work in Japan has come into operation since 1924. Afterward, this technique of compressed air work has been widely utilized in the construction of foundation basements, shafts of the bottom tunnel shields for subway and so forth. While using this technique of compressed air work means that workers have to be exposed to hyperbaric environment, this technique has risks of not only decompression sickness (DCS) but also toxicity of poisonous gas and/or oxygen deficiency. However, this technique is independent of city construction work and the operation of compressed air work higher than 5ATA (4.0 kg/cm2G) is actually been planning recently. Accordingly unmanned caisson work is considered as a better technique for such higher pressurized work, even though workers must enter into hyperbaric working fields for maintenance or repair of unmanned operated machinery and materials. This research is to establish the safe work under hyperbaric air environment at 8ATA.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diving profiles and work loads of fishermen's "Oikomi Gyoho" diving].

Diving profiles of fishermen divers in the Izu Islands were investigated and recorded by DDR (Diving Data Recorder). Consumed air volume during diving work was also checked in each dive and the work load was measured by VO2 during diving. It was recognized that divers repeatedly experienced extreme descents and ascents, that were accompanied by increases of oxygen consumption. This suggested that the load of their work was far beyond that of sports divers. The particular diving method used, called the "Oikomi Gyoho method" is to repeatedly dive several times to catch fish. Each bottom (diving) time is rather short and the dept changes from deeper to shallower areas gradually. This profile is considered to be a safe diving method for the prevention of DCS (Decompression Sickness). However, stopping for decompression during ascent is sometimes required to prevent DCS according to analysis of the diving profiles. It is pointed out that the risk of DCS still remains with this diving method.

Decompression Sickness↗