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Biomedical subjects

M Schulzer

Publications and source records attributed to M Schulzer.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of acute medical reduction of intraocular pressure on the visual field and optic disc in ocular hypertension.

The effect of acute reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) through oral administration of glycerol was assessed in 15 eyes of 15 patients with ocular hypertension by means of automated perimetry, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue testing, measurement of spatial contrast sensitivity with a laser interferometer and automated optic disc analysis. There was no significant relation between the absolute or relative change in IOP and the corresponding changes in any of the visual field or optic disc indices studied. The colour vision score increased significantly as the IOP decreased (p = 0.03). There was a significant reduction in the logarithm of spatial contrast sensitivity at grating sizes of 3 (p = 0.007) and 7.5 (p = 0.05) cycles per degree as the IOP decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Synovial lymphocyte responses to microbial antigens differentiate the arthritis of enteric reactive arthritis from the arthritis of inflammatory bowel disease.

Synovial lymphocyte responses to microbial antigens were measured by the 3H-thymidine uptake method in 5 patients with bacteriologically defined enteric reactive arthritis and 7 patients with arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease. All the patients with enteric reactive arthritis had maximal synovial lymphocyte responses to the relevant enteric antigen; in contrast, the synovial lymphocytes of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease all responded maximally to nonenteric antigens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

Persistent synovial lymphocyte responses to mumps and adenovirus antigens.

A man in his 50s with rheumatoid arthritis showed maximal synovial lymphocyte reactivity to mumps antigen on 9 of 10 testings over a period of 6 years; peripheral blood lymphocytes showed no significant responses to mumps antigen in 5 testings over 5 years. A boy of 15 with recurrent arthritis of the right knee showed maximal synovial lymphocyte reactivity to adenovirus antigen. This reactivity was again present during a subsequent episode more than 3 years later; peripheral blood lymphocytes showed no such response to adenovirus antigen.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1988

Measurement of optic nerve head pallor with a video-ophthalmograph and with computerized boundary analysis.

Optic disc pallor was recorded in 53 eyes of 53 patients by means of global analysis with a video-ophthalmograph (Rodenstock Disk Analyzer) and computerized boundary analysis. The coefficients of correlation between the values obtained with the Rodenstock Disk Analyzer and those obtained with boundary analysis were r = 0.24 (p = 0.08) at the 0.29 cutoff level, r = 0.39 (p = 0.004) at the 0.39 level and r = 0.46 (p = 0.0005) at the 0.50 level. Although the correlation was significant, the correlation coefficients were not high. The Rodenstock Disk Analyzer uses global analysis, which does not take into account the spatial relationship of the pallor on the disc, whereas boundary analysis is sensitive to spatial relationship, which may account for the poor correlation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Diffuse visual field loss in chronic open-angle and low-tension glaucoma.

We examined 37 eyes of 37 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma and 24 eyes of 24 patients with low-tension glaucoma. All patients had a scotoma confined to the upper or lower hemifield. Eyes with open-angle glaucoma showed twice as much loss of sensitivity in the spared hemifield as compared to eyes with low-tension glaucoma. These differences were statistically significant.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The effect of intracameral carbachol on intraocular pressure after cataract extraction.

We randomly assigned 44 patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation to two equal groups. The treatment group received intracameral carbachol during the operative procedure, and the control group received only balanced salt solution. Intraocular pressures were measured preoperatively, and at three, six, nine, and 24 hours postoperatively. Preoperatively, the mean pressures in the two groups were not significantly different. Three hours postoperatively, the mean pressure in the control group was 3.9 mm Hg above the preoperative baseline, whereas in the treatment group the mean pressure was 3.1 mm Hg below the baseline. This difference was statistically significant (P = .002). Similar differences between the two groups persisted throughout the study period.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The effect of acetylcholine on early postoperative intraocular pressure.

We randomly assigned 36 patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation to two groups. The 18 patients in the treatment group received intracameral acetylcholine during the operative procedure, and the 18 patients in the control group received only balanced salt solution. In all other respects the patients were treated identically. Intraocular pressures were measured preoperatively, and at three, six, nine, and 24 hours postoperatively. Preoperatively, the mean intraocular pressures were 16.5 mm Hg in the treatment group and 16.8 mm Hg in the control group. Three hours postoperatively, the mean pressures were 11.9 mm Hg in the treatment group and 21.8 mm Hg in the control group. Six hours postoperatively the respective pressures were 15.4 mm Hg and 22.3 mm Hg. These differences in the mean pressures between the two groups were statistically significant. At nine and 24 hours postoperatively, the pressures in the treatment group remained lower than pressures in the control group, but these differences were no longer significant.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

The area of the neuroretinal rim of the optic nerve in normal eyes.

We randomly photographed 113 eyes in 113 people without ocular disease. The area of the disk and its neuroretinal rim as well as the width of the disk and cup were measured. The measurements were corrected for magnification of each eye by measuring its refraction and axial length. A linear correlation between disk area and neuroretinal rim area was found (r = .75) as well as a correlation between the disk area and the cup area (r = .83). There was no correlation between age and disk area or rim area.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Persistent synovial lymphocyte responses to cytomegalovirus antigen in some patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Synovial lymphocytes from 6 of 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis responded to cytomegalovirus antigen stimulation. 3H-thymidine uptakes were more than 3 times greater than were those of the responses to 13 other microbial antigens. Similar results were obtained in 1 patient on 7 occasions over 17 months, and in the 5 other patients on each of 2 occasions. In 3 of the 6 patients, synovial lymphocyte responses to cytomegalovirus antigen were markedly different from simultaneous peripheral blood lymphocyte responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The use of psychophysical, structural, and electrodiagnostic parameters to identify glaucomatous damage.

Fifty-one patients with early glaucoma and 29 patients without the disease had their contrast sensitivity, colour vision, differential light threshold, neuroretinal rim area, retinal nerve fibre layer, pattern-reversal electrogram and visually evoked potential examined. A stepwise discriminant analysis found that the combination of the vertical cup disc ratio, the diffuse nerve fibre layer score and the localized nerve fibre layer score correctly identified 98% of the normals and 84% of the glaucoma patients. Single parameters and various combinations of parameters were also examined for their ability to discriminate between the two groups. Fifty-two glaucoma suspects were similarly examined and were classified into those whose discriminant functions were normal or abnormal.

Electrodiagnosis↗
PubMed1987

Conditioning exercise decreases premenstrual symptoms: a prospective, controlled 6-month trial.

Six months of exercise training was associated with decreased premenstrual symptoms in two groups of women. There was no change in symptoms in nontraining women. Eight sedentary (ST) women increased running from 0 to 76 +/- 26 km/cycle (mean +/- standard deviation) over 6 months and seven runners (MT) trained for a marathon (42.2 km). Six normally active, nontraining (C-NT) women kept their activity constant. Each subject completed monthly intensity-graded questionnaires or kept daily symptoms diaries concerning premenstrual symptoms. All monitored basal body temperature, weight, and exercise. Gonadal steroids were measured in ST women. For ST subjects, breast (P = 0.005), fluid (P = 0.01), and personal stress (P = 0.025) decreased. MT women experienced decreased fluid (P = 0.034) and depression (P = 0.014). Anxiety tended to decrease (P = 0.087). ST and MT subjects experienced decreases in premenstrual symptoms without documented hormonal, menstrual cycle, or weight changes. These symptom changes appear to be the earliest evidence of the effects of conditioning exercise on the reproductive system.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

An analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis data in Taiwan and Korea.

An analysis is carried out on pulmonary tuberculosis survey data from Taiwan and Korea. A mathematical model based on a Markov process is developed and used to estimate transition rates between various disease states, as well as certain 'infection parameters', which measure the strength of the relative contributions of different disease states and of endogenous reactivation to the incidence of tuberculosis in the population. It is found that endogenous reactivation plays a primary role in generating cases, followed by chronic sources of infection, particularly those with drug-sensitive organisms. Some recommendations are made with regard to optimizing treatment regimens. The methodology can easily be applied to other countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intraocular pressure, systemic blood pressure, and age: a correlational study.

An attempt was made to study the associations between age, intraocular pressure, and systolic blood pressure. The eyes of 90 non-glaucomatous, ocular normotensive patients and of 142 ocular hypertensive patients were examined. A third group was formed from these two by stratification, to mirror the intraocular pressure distribution in the general population. In all three groups systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with age. In the stratified group a 'chain' model was consistent with the data. Intraocular pressure was significantly negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure; any apparent association between intraocular pressure and age was fully accounted for through the correlation between systolic blood pressure and age.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

A study of the value of the central and peripheral isoptres in assessing visual field progression in the presence of paracentral scotoma measurements.

The visual field records of 45 eyes of 45 patients were evaluated to determine whether examination of the peripheral field of vision in patients with glaucoma and field defects adds useful information about the progression of visual field damage. The central scotoma mass, foveal sensitivity, and the central and peripheral mass of the visual field were quantified from measurements on the Tübinger perimeter. Most of the information on visual field progression was contained in the scotoma mass. When both scotoma mass and foveal sensitivity were known, central or peripheral isoptres did not add statistically significant information on progression. Evaluation of scotomas and assessment of central isoptres or of foveal sensitivity made perimetry of the peripheral isoptres redundant. The appearance of fresh peripheral scotomas or the quantification of changes in peripheral scotomas was not examined in the current study, and they would of course be important when they occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Some observations on the relation between intraocular pressure reduction and the progression of glaucomatous visual loss.

A quantitative measure of visual field loss associated with kinetic perimetry in chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG) is discussed. With this new technique an analysis of covariance is applied to a retrospective study of 41 COAG patients. It suggests that reduction of intraocular pressure may not be uniformly effective in controlling the progression of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Asthma, asthmalike symptoms, chronic bronchitis, and the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in epidemiologic surveys.

Measurement of bronchial hyperresponsiveness has been suggested to be a useful test in identifying subjects with asthma in epidemiologic groups. We explored the association between the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and various definitions of asthma based upon information obtained from a questionnaire. We determined bronchial hyperresponsiveness by methacholine inhalation test, administered a standardized respiratory questionnaire, and performed spirometry on 1,392 male workers in various industries: 229 (16.5%) had PC20 less than 8 mg/ml, 66 (4.7%) had PC20 less than 2 mg/ml, and 8 (0.6%) had PC20 less than 0.5 mg/ml. Only 760 workers had no respiratory symptoms; no workers with PC20 less than or equal to 0.5 mg/ml, 31.0% of workers with PC20 greater than 0.5 but less than or equal to 2 mg/ml, and 38.0% of workers with PC20 greater than 2 but less than or equal to 8 mg/ml had no chest symptoms. Those reporting wheeze or breathlessness, and especially those with both symptoms, were significantly more likely to have bronchial hyperresponsiveness with a low PC20. The reporting of chest tightness did not influence this relationship, and there was no difference between the occurrence of "wheeze without a cold" and "persistent wheeze." Although there was a stronger association of PC20 less than or equal to 2 mg/ml with asthma than with chronic bronchitis, the association of PC20 greater than 2 and less than or equal to 8 mg/ml was not different with asthma than with chronic bronchitis. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was more closely associated with asthma than with any asthmalike symptoms ascertained by a questionnaire developed for the study of chronic bronchitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asthma↗
PubMed1987

Short-term effect of intraocular pressure variation on differential light threshold and colour vision.

Laser trabeculoplasty was performed in one eye in each of 38 patients with uncontrolled chronic open-angle glaucoma (37 patients) or low-tension glaucoma (1). Topical therapy was stopped for 1 week before the procedure and for 1 week before reassessment 6 weeks later. Differential light threshold values were determined with an automatic perimeter four times throughout the study, and colour vision was tested twice. The patients were followed for 3 months. The rise and subsequent drop in intraocular pressure were not found to be correlated with differential light threshold or colour error scores.

Color Perception↗