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Biomedical subjects

M Schiller

Publications and source records attributed to M Schiller.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Duplication of the gallbladder associated with childhood obstructive biliary disease and biliary cirrhosis.

A 4-yr-old girl presented with recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, and jaundice, progressing to biliary cirrhosis. The diagnosis of duplication of the gallbladder was established by transhepatic cholangiography. Clinical recovery and histologic improvement followed removal of the gallbladders. In every case of obstructive biliary disease or biliary cirrhosis in childhood, no effort should be spared in searching for a malformation of the biliary system.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux with esophageal stricture in infancy and childhood.

During the past 5 years, 26 infants and children with gastroesophageal reflux were operated on. The results have been highly satisfactory and unattended by serious complications or mortality. Barium fluoroscopy was the most reliable diagnostic method. The indications for operation were persistent vomiting with failure to thrive, recurrent aspiration pneumonia, gastrointestinal bleeding and peptic stricture of the esophagus, not relieved by medical treatment. The high incidence of peptic stricture of the esophagus (50 percent) may reflect delay in diagnosis and medical treatment, which is successful in 60 to 87 percent of the infants with gastroesophageal reflux. Surgical treatment consisted of Nissen fundoplication combined with gastrostomy in cases of esophageal stenosis where dilatations were indicated. Complications related to the operation were minimal. In a follow-up period of 9 months to 5 years, all patients had obtained relief of symptoms of reflux and had excellent nutritional status and normal growth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

A bipedicled chest wall flap to cover an open elbow joint in a burned infant.

A 7-month-old girl sustained a deep and extensive burn of the posterior aspect of the left upper arm and forearm, complicated by an open wound of the elbow joint with exposed bone and articular cartilage. A bipedicled chest wall flap was used to cover the defect. The limb was preserved along with good function in the elbow joint. An above-elbow amputation was thus avoided.

Burns↗
PubMed1982

Phlebography of the deep venous system of the leg in children.

Direct cannulation of the deep venous system of the leg was performed in 74 children (79 legs). Both abnormal anatomy and the functional status of the deep venous system were studied. Fifteen legs were normal and 64 exhibited disease of the communicating veins; 33 of the latter patients also had deep venous disease. The communicating veins were described as typical or atypical; a classification comprising two typical and three atypical types is suggested. Four types of deep venous disease were found: (1) aplasia, (b) ectasia, (c) absence of valves, and (d) post-thrombophlebitic obstruction. Normal and abnormal patterns of function are described, and the importance of these findings in treatment and prognosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Persistent neonatal hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinism: medical aspects.

Eight neonates with persistent hypoglycemia were seen over a four-year period and a ninth infant with neonatal onset was treated from 9 months of age. Seven infants had high absolute insulin levels (range 12 to 50 microunits/ml) during hypoglycemia whereas two patients had normal levels which were, however, inappropriate for the low blood glucose levels. Six patients with severe intractable hypoglycemia resistant to intensive medical therapy (including high dose diazoxide) had partial or total pancreatectomy, whereas three with relatively controllable hypoglycemia eventually had spontaneous remissions. In one of the medically treated patients, remission occurred at the unusually early age of 4 months. In the six surgically treated patients and in a seventh patient who had a biopsy only, the pancreas showed characteristic pathologic changes compatible with those described as nesidioblastosis or "endocrine-cell dysplasia." Of the six patients followed up for greater than or equal to 24 months, four have normal psychomotor development, despite periods of arrested head growth in early infancy in three of them.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Repair of the injured spleen.

Splenic laceration is the most frequent visceral injury requiring laparotomy after blunt abdominal trauma in children. Splenectomy increases the risk of overwhelming bacterial infection which could prove fatal. This paper reports four patients with splenic injury who were treated by splenic repair.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Neonatal hyperinsulinism--surgical and pathologic considerations.

Hyperinsulinism in infancy is most often associated with a diffuse pancreatic lesion designated islet-cell dysmaturation syndrome. This disease is commonly associated with persistent hypoglycemia which usually results from inappropriate secretion of insulin. Urgent medical therapy consisting of hypertonic glucose infusion, frequent feeding, and diazoxide is mandatory in order to prevent central nervous system damage. Where medical means of therapy are not effective, an early 85% subtotal pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen, is indicated. Nine infants who suffered from hyperinsulinism are reported. In two, medical measures were sufficient to control the disease. One of these patients in whom treatment was started late, remained slightly mentally retarded. Seven patients underwent 85% pancreatectomy. In one of these, an additional 7.5% of the pancreas had to be removed and in a second patient total pancreatectomy was performed in order to control the disease. One patient died on the eighth postoperative day after acute gastric perforation. There was no evidence of residual brain damage in the patients who underwent subtotal pancreatectomy.

Diazoxide↗
PubMed1980

Euhypnos forte, high dose temazepam for resistant insomnia: post-marketing surveillance in 10,057 patients unresponsive to conventional hypnotic dosage.

A post-marketing surveillance study of Euhypnos Forte (temazepam 20 mg) capsules for the treatment of insomnia in 10,057 patients previously unresponsive to other hypnotics given in conventional doses. Patients were prescribed a nightly dose of 40 or 60 mg, but 95% actually took 40 mg. At 2 weeks, 89% of patients found the treatment effective, as did 95% at 3 months. Hangover, severe enough to stop treatment, occurred in less than 3% of patients, and other adverse reactions such as headache, dreams, gastrointestinal disturbance and hangover symptoms were reported by only 6% of patients at 2 weeks and 4% at 3 months. The most common reason for stopping treatment was the patient having no further need for hypnotics. Euhypnos Forte was effective in 88% of 3,800 patients who had found nitrazepam unsatisfactory and 90% of 1,013 patients unresponsive to barbiturates.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1980

Structural changes in the perfused canine kidney exposed to the direct action of endotoxin.

We attempted to clarify whether structural damage or hemodynamic alterations is the primary cause of renal failure in the initial phases of endotoxic shock. Endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg) was infused directly into the renal artery and normal renal hemodynamics were maintained by cross-perfusion and controlled pressure. Direct exposure of renal parenchyma to endotoxin action was followed by changes in structure at the cellular and subcellular levels. The damage was unequally distributed and involved mainly the mitochondria and lysosomes of the distal and proximal convoluted tubules. No significant structural changes could be detected in the glomeruli or in the vascular compartment. There was no direct relationship between the degree of mitochondrial and lysosomal damage and the changes in enzymatic activity. The enzymatic systems associated with active Na transport and glycogen breakdown showed only slight alterations, while those related to energy production, hydrogen transfer and the respiratory activity of the cell were severely affected. These results indicate that structural damage in the nephron may contribute to the renal failure in the initial phase of endotoxemia.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Congenital colonic atresia and stenosis.

Five more cases are added to the 88 reported cases of successfully treated newborns with congenital colonic atresia and stenosis. Because colonic atresia and stenosis are lethal conditions when untreated, early diagnosis and operative treatment are major requisites for survival. A two-stage procedure consisting of an emergency colostomy for decompression as the first stage and an elective resection with anastomosis a few months later is recommended. The need for thorough exploration of the abdomen is emphasized because atresias may be multiple or may be associated with additional gastrointestinal anomalies.

Child↗