Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Sawada

Publications and source records attributed to M Sawada.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

L-glutamic acid, a possible neurotransmitter to anterior aorta of Aplysia.

The effect of L-glutamate on muscle fibers of the anterior aorta of the marine gastropod Aplysia are characterized. Iontophoretically applied L-glutamate depolarized anterior aorta muscle fibers in 14% of the applications; no response was detected in the other applications. Responses to iontophoretically applied L-glutamate desensitize rapidly and are antagonized by 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (2-APB). 2-APB also blocked excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) in the anterior aorta. No significant response to D-glutamate was observed. These characteristics match those of L-glutamate at the arthropod neuromuscular junction. Bath-applied L-glutamate also depolarizes anterior aorta muscle fibers, by a mechanism clearly different from that of iontophoretically applied L-glutamate. Present results make L-glutamate a candidate neurotransmitter to molluscan circulatory muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Vasodilator therapy for right ventricular failure.

The effects of PGE1 and ISD on right ventricular performance in patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic lung disease were evaluated, and the following results were obtained. I) Effects of PGE1 on Right Ventricular Failure The effects of PGE1 (intravenous infusion, 0.01 to 0.03 microgram/kg/min) on right ventricular failure were studied in 12 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure. PGE1 resulted in a significant fall in RAP (p less than 0.05), PAMP (from 33.8 +/- 7.6 to 29.3 +/- 5.7 mmHg, p less than 0.005) and TPVR (p less than 0.001), whereas a significant increase in CI (from 3.4 +/- 0.6 to 3.9 +/- 0.6 1/min/m2, p less than 0.001) and SI (p less than 0.005). PaO2 was significantly decreased by PGE1 (p less than 0.02), however PvO2 remained unchanged because of a significant increase of O2-transport (p less than 0.01). PGE1 induced active vasodilation of the pulmonary vascular beds and reduced a right ventricular afterload. We concluded that PGE1 improved the right ventricular failure secondary to chronic lung disease. II) Effects of ISD on Right Ventricular Performance The effects of ISD (intravenous infusion, 0.05 mg/kg/hr) on right ventricular performance were studied at rest and during exercise in 11 patients with clinically stable chronic respiratory failure. At rest and during exercise, ISD induced a significant decrease in RAP, PAMP and CI, however no change in TPVR. RVWI was reduced significantly by ISD (from 2.5 +/- 0.8 to 1.9 +/- 0.5 Kg X m/min/m2, p less than 0.01) during exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Influences of glycine and neuron R14 on contraction of the anterior aorta of Aplysia.

Firing neuron R14 in the Aplysia parietovisceral ganglion enhances the force of stimulated contractions and causes rhythmic contractions rather than individual contractions in response to a single stimulation of the anterior aorta of Aplysia. Bath application of 1.0 mM glycine to the artery causes a small depolarization, rhythmic contractions and enhances the force of individual, neurally induced contractions of the anterior aorta. These observations suggest that the physiological role of the innervation of the anterior aorta by R14 is to convert the mode of contraction of the anterior aorta from direct neural control to a myogenic mode. R14 activity does not produce classical junction potentials and inotophoretically applied glycine does not produce detectable potential changes in the anterior aorta muscle fibers. Glycine increases the force and frequency of Aplysia heart beat, and blood pressure. Glycine causes release of preloaded Ca2+ from the ventricle of the Aplysia heart, implying that glycine causes intracellular release of Ca2+. The similarity of the actions of glycine and electrical activity in R14 extend previous evidence that R14 may utilize glycine to modulate the contractility of Aplysia circulatory muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma in the Hokuriku District and presentation of a case in hematological remission after cryptococcus infection.

Ten cases of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL/L) in the Hokuriku district were studied. Five patients were born in endemic areas and later moved to Hokuriku. Five patients were from nonendemic areas, and have not lived in endemic areas. All of the five patients from nonendemic areas had antibody to the adult T-cell leukemia cell-associated antigen (anti-ATLA), and they had anti-ATLA-positive members in their families. Four of the six patients examined had ATL virus (ATLV) proviral DNA in their leukemic cells and type C virus particles were found in the cultured cell line from one of them (case S.D.). The incidence of anti-ATLA in the control population was 0.93% in Ishikawa Prefecture, 0.39% in Toyama Prefecture and 0% in Fukui Prefecture. The overall positive rate in the controls in Hokuriku was 0.49%. The rate of positive anti-ATLA among family members of seven ATL patients (patients are excluded) was 43.5% (17/39). The pedigree study of ATL patients very strongly suggested transmission of ATLV between spouses and transmission from mother to children. We also report a case of ATL from an endemic area, who has been in remission without antileukemic therapy for about one year. He is on 5 FC (5-fluorocytosine), Minomycin (minocycline hydrochloride), and Baktar (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Possibility that the therapeutic effect of 5 FC on ATL or the remission is due to enhanced cellular immunity after cryptococcus infection is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis and treatment of germ cell tumors of the ovary].

Germ cell tumors represent a relatively small proportion of all ovarian tumors but are becoming important in terms of their clinical management because most of these tumors occur in young women. This group of tumors is composed of several different types of histological feature and prognosis of patients with this group of tumors is varied. Determinations of serum markers has been recommended as a useful diagnostic procedure. A chemotherapeutic regimen of VAC or PVB has markedly improved patient survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Immunohistochemical demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen and ultrastructural features of endometrial adenocarcinoma].

Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen levels in plasma (45 cases) and the immunohistochemical demonstration of tumor CEA (37 cases) were carried out in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. Twenty four out of 37 were also studied with the electron microscope. The plasma CEA level prior to therapy was significantly elevated (greater than 5.0ng/ml) in only one case (1/45:2.2%) of endometrial adenocarcinoma. CEA levels were more consistently elevated (4/17:23.5%) in patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. Immunoperoxidase staining of CEA (PAP method) was carried out using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections of 37 tumors. Tissue CEA activities were found in 9 out of 37 endometrial adenocarcinomas (24.3%) and 19 of 23 cervical adenocarcinomas (82.6%). Immunoreactive CEA was present in a high concentration on the cell surface of endometrial glands and less dense in their cytoplasm. In 9 of CEA positive endometrial carcinoma tissues, squamous metaplastic lesions were found in 4 cases and mucinous metaplasia in one case which were all CEA positive. With regard to the histopathological grade, CEA positive specimens were categorized G1 (4) and G2 (5) and all of the G3 were CEA negative. Seven of 9 cases of CEA positive specimens were examined under the electron microscope. There was no definite tendency in their ultrastructural characteristics, but all of the specimens examined revealed abundant cytoplasmic organelles suggestive of intracytoplasmic differentiation analogous to those of endometrial cells in proliferative phase. Moreover, fine structures of squamous and mucinous metaplastic cells were also described in detail.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Immunosuppressive acidic protein in patients with ovarian cancer.

Serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was determined in 63 patients with ovarian tumors (33 benign and 30 malignant) and 79 healthy female controls, and was examined as a marker for ovarian cancer in comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The mean value of serum IAP in patients with ovarian cancer (1085 +/- 474 micrograms/ml) was statistically higher than those of both benign tumors (394 +/- 93 micrograms/ml) and controls (298 +/- 92 micrograms/ml). Elevated levels of IAP and CEA were found in 93.3% and 30.0% of patients with ovarian cancer, respectively. There were three false-positive cases with IAP and two with CEA. Elevation of IAP was recognized in all cancer patients in Stage I, whereas 33.3% of these patients showed elevated CEA. The occurrence of elevated serum IAP was not affected by tumor histologic features. Serial IAP determination appeared to provide a useful follow-up marker in patients in whom CEA was low in value. The measurement of serum IAP is highly recommended as an addition to the conventional diagnostic methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Early diagnosis and effective treatment of ovarian cancer].

Determinations of pregnancy-associated alpha-glycoprotein and immunosuppressive acidic protein in sera of patients have improved a detection rate of ovarian cancer in the early stage. In the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer, we employed the regimen based on results of experimental chemotherapy using heterotransplanted human tumors of the ovary. A regimen of cis-platinum, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil combination in epithelial tumors and a regimen of cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin combination in germ cell tumors may be recommended for treatment of ovarian cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Chemotherapy of human yolk sac tumor heterotransplanted in nude mice.

The chemotherapeutic effects of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum + vinblastine + bleomycin (PVB) on 3 human yolk sac tumors (YST-1, YST-2, and YST-3) of the ovary, which were heterotransplanted into BALB/c nude mice, were compared with the effects of vincristine + actinomycin D + cyclophosphamide (VAC), the combination currently favored for treatment of yolk sac tumors. PVB and VAC therapies were performed for 3 weeks. Both PVB and VAC significantly reduced the tumor volume of all the treated tumors. The mean weights of tumors in animals treated with PVB or VAC were, in percent of the mean tumor weight in untreated animals: 1.3 and 1.6 for YST-1, 2.5 and 3.3 for YST-2, and 5.5 and 2.7 for YST-3, respectively. A strong correlation was noted between tumor volume and alpha-fetoprotein level in the sera of mice bearing YST-1 or TST-2 tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of human lymphoblastoid interferon on human yolk sac tumors in nude mice.

The effect of human lymphoblastoid interferon on the growth of human tumors heterotransplanted into nude mice was examined. The human tumor lines examined, named YST-1, YST-2 and YST-3, were derived from yolk sac tumors of the ovary. Daily intraperioneal injection of 3 X 10(4) U interferon per mouse for 14 days did not inhibit the growth of any of these three human tumor lines. A close correlation was observed between the tumor volume and the level of alpha-fetoprotein in sera of mice bearing the YST-1 tumor (r = 0.55) or YST-2 tumor (r = 0.70). No histological differences were detected between tumor cells of interferon-treated and control mice. Tumor-bearing mice treated with interferon showed no marked weight loss.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Immunosuppressive acidic protein in patients with gynecologic cancer].

Immunosuppressive acidic protein(IAP) levels were measured in human sera by a single radial immunodiffusion using an IAP plate. Sera were obtained from healthy controls (79 females), patients with myoma uteri (53 cases), patients with benign ovarian tumors (44 cases) and patients with cervical (33 cases), endometrial (6 cases) and ovarian (33 cases) cancer. The mean IAP values for patients with myoma uteri (375 +/- 72 micrograms/ml), benign ovarian tumors (375 +/- 92 micrograms/ml), cervical cancer (506 +/- 236 micrograms/ml), endometrial cancer (563 +/- 159 micrograms/ml), and ovarian cancer (1051 +/- 466 micrograms/ml) were statistically significantly higher than that of controls (298 +/- 92 micrograms/ml). Elevated levels of IAP were found in sera of 11% patients with myoma uteri, 7% with benign ovarian tumors, 34% with cervical cancer, 83% with endometrial cancer and 94% with ovarian cancer. Elevation of IAP was recognized in 83% patients with endometrial cancer and in 100% of patients with ovarian cancer in stage I, while only 10% of patients with cervical cancer in stage I showed elevated IAP. No clear relationship between the IAP level and the stage of the disease in the patient or with the histological type was found. Serial IAP determination appeared to provide a useful marker in cancer patients. The measurement of serum IAP is recommended as an addition to the conventional diagnostic system.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative ultrastructural study of freeze-etch replicas and thin sections of early human placenta].

Freeze-fracture replication was applied as a preparatory technique in the electron microscopic study of early human placenta. 6 placentas from 6 weeks to 11 weeks of pregnancy were studied in comparison with those prepared by the conventional thin section method. With the use of this technique, membranes were split by fracturing, disclosing two new fracture faces from the interior of the membranes and these new fracture faces are covered by numerous small particles on the smooth layer. Moreover, shadowing by Pt with a 45 degrees shadowing angle yielded a tridimentional image of organelles, such as the nucleus, secretion granules and others. Photographs of the freeze-fracture replication method were presented and discussion also referred to conventional TEM pictures of early human placenta.

Female↗