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Biomedical subjects

M Salama

Publications and source records attributed to M Salama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Resolution of radiographic abnormalities with ursodeoxycholic acid therapy of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy has shown encouraging results in relieving symptoms and decreasing liver biochemical abnormalities in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. However, established biliary strictures are generally considered irreversible. A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis with extensive intrahepatic biliary as well as pancreatic duct strictures that resolved to near normal on ursodeoxycholic acid therapy is reported. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1991

[Specificity of visual evoked potential alterations in Alzheimer's disease].

We have studied visual evoked potentials (VEP) in four groups: healthy young and aged subjects and aged patients suffering from depression or Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the flash modality, peak IV delay in AD patients as compared to aged controls corresponded to lengthened III-IV interlatency (IL). When AD and depressed patients were compared, peak IV delay in the former did not reach significance. Normal aging resulted in delayed peaks II and III, without IL modification. In the pattern reversal modality, no difference was observed between AD patients and aged, healthy or depressed controls. Aging delayed peaks P50 to P180. The abnormality exhibited by AD patients was specific to this group. However, the lack of significant difference between AD and depressed groups argues against the ability of VEP to differentiate those conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Development and application of oligonucleotide probes for identification of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris.

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris is of considerable interest to the dairy industry, which relies upon the few available strains for the manufacture of cheddar cheese free of fermented and fruity flavors. The subspecies cremoris differs from related subspecies by the lack of a few phenotypic traits. Our purpose was to identify unique rRNA sequences that could be used to discriminate L. lactis subsp. cremoris from related subspecies. The 16S rRNAs from 13 Lactococcus strains were partially sequenced by using reverse transcriptase to identify domains unique to L. lactis subsp. cremoris. All five strains of the subspecies cremoris had a unique base sequence in a hypervariable region located 70 to 100 bases from the 5' terminus. In this region, all L. lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis strains examined had a sequence identical to that of L. lactis subsp. lactis 7962, which was different from other strains of the subspecies lactis by only one nucleotide at position 90 (Escherichia coli 16S rRNA structural model) (J. Brosius, J. L. Palmer, J. P. Kennedy, and H. F. Noller, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:4801-4805, 1978). Oligonucleotide probes specific for the genus Lactococcus (212RLa) and for the subspecies cremoris (68RCa) were synthesized and evaluated by hybridization to known rRNAs as well as fixed whole cells. Efficient and specific hybridization to the genus-specific probe was observed for the 13 Lactococcus strains tested. No hybridization was seen with the control species. All five strains of the subspecies cremoris hybridized to the subspecies-specific probe.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative EEG and neuropsychological effects of piracetam and of the association piracetam-lecithin in healthy volunteers.

The electroencephalographic (EEG) and neuropsychological effects of single, oral doses or piracetam (800-6,400 mg) and of its association with lecithin (4,800 mg and 25 g, respectively) were investigated in two groups of healthy volunteers in placebo-controlled studies. The EEG was quantified by power spectral analysis; both parametric and nonparametric procedures were applied to process the EEG and neuropsychological data statistically. The drug plasma concentration was assessed (gas chromatography) in concomitance with the EEG and neuropsychological measurements. Piracetam was found to elicit systematic EEG effects, namely a decrease in the low-frequency components and an increase in the power of the 8.5- to 12.0-Hz and of the fast-frequency components. The EEG modifications were restricted to the anterior scalp areas; its detection by means of parametric statistics was conditioned by the relevant individual variability and was inferred resting upon a number of criteria (indication at nonparametric tests, topography, consistency across subjects, replicability, etc). The correlation between EEG changes and drug plasma concentration was ambiguous, and the compound was not found to be effective on any of the neuropsychological variables considered. The study exemplifies some of the methodological problems in quantitative pharmaco-EEG and emphasizes the relevance of topography and replication.

Brain↗
PubMed1982

The efficiency of various solvents in the extraction of chemical mutagens from living tissues: a comparative study.

The aim of this study is to find out the best solvent to be used in extraction of chemical pollutants from living organisms. Ethanol, benzene, chloroform, pentane, 1,4-dioxan, acetone, cyclohexane and ether were used in extraction of shrimp and clam samples collected from a Fahaheel site. The tissue extracts were tested for their mutagenic activity using E. coli and Salmonella on tester strains. The results revealed that ethanol was more efficient than other solvent in extraction of chemical mutagens concentrated in clams and shrimps.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Perspectives of hyperthermia in the treatment of tumors of the maxillofacial region].

Hyperthermia used alone or in association with radiotherapy and chemotherapy opens new perspectives in the treatment of tumours. Its application in the maxillo-facial area has special features by virtue of the inhomogeneity of the tissues and the sensitivity of some of them. The region is suitable for the use of interstitial and endocavitary techniques which provide localised and uniform heating. Preliminary clinical study was aimed essentially at the improvement of the technique and the evaluation of tolerance. The effects seen on tumours are encouraging and study is being continued with more routine association of hyperthermia and irradiation.

Diathermy↗
PubMed1981

[Interstitial techniques of hyperthermia (author's transl)].

The interstitial techniques of hyperthermia allow one to obtain a precise specific absorption rate (S.A.R.) in a well-defined volume. We have available a low-frequency prototype amplifier, that is capable of heating up to 6 needles. This device was able to heat small volumes in animals, and then was used for patients. Five superficial tumoral nodules have been treated: the first results seem positive. The next step will be the combination of the techniques of interstitial hyperthermia with brachytherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Hyperthermia main techniques (author's transl)].

Superficial tumours with a small thickness can be correctly heated by various techniques. Some difficulties arise for a uniform heating across tumours several centimeters thick; they are considerably increased for deep located tumours. The possibilities of various methods of diathermy are discussed with consideration of blood flow and controlled surface cooling. A peculiar attention is devoted to conductive methods using electrodes supplied by 1 MHz current generator, and placed in contact (tubes, plates) or inside (needles) the tumour.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The treatment of the tumors by hyperthermia (author's transl)].

This paper is a review of the biological effects of hyperthermia and of their mechanisms. A great interest has been stimulated for the treatment of the tumors by hyperthermia alone or associated to chemo and radiotherapy. The clinical application needs an accurate control of the temperature which raises difficult technical problems.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Infection of intervertebral discs after operation.

Infection of the intervertebral space is a rare complication of operation on the disc (Ford and Key 1955). It occurred in five cases in a series of 650 operations for lumbar disc protrusion done by two of the authors of this paper--an incidence of 0-8%. Symptoms began between seven and twelve days after operation. After initial relief of the original sciatic pain, the patients developed severe back pain and muscle cramps in the legs. Straight-leg raising became much more limited than before operation. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised in all cases. The diagnosis was confirmed by rescreening the Myodil, when an indentation was seen opposite the intervertebral space from which the disc had been excised. Early removal of infected material from the disc space resulted in complete relief of pain and cure of the infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Thalamic tumours.

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Adolescent↗