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Biomedical subjects

M Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to M Saitoh.

446 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Transrectal ultrasonotomography of the prostate.

New equipment for transrectal ultrasonomography has been developed. Wth this equipment an excellent cross-section picture of various intrapelvic organs is easily obtained. Diagnostic application of the technique is particularly significant for abnormalities of the prostate because the shape of the prostate cannot be revealed by x-ray. Diagnostic criteria for prostatic disease are described, with the demonstration of typical cases. In a test by well trained physicians the diagnostic accuracy of the new technique was more than 80 per cent. Ultrasonotomography provided for precise measurement of prostatic size. Transrectal ultrasonotomography is a promising new diagnostic technique that yeilds abundant information not available with former methods of examination. The procedure is likely to become one of th most important diagnostic tools in the field of urology.

Male↗
PubMed1975

Volume estimation of the seminal vesicles by means of transrectal ultrasonotomography: a preliminary report.

The volume of the seminal vesicles was estimated in 27 cases by means of transrectal ultrasonotomography. The seminal vesicles of normal subjects were found to be generally larger than in cases of prostatic hypertrophy or cancer. The volume of the seminal vesicles in Klinefelter's syndrome was remarkably small. The correlation between the volume of the seminal vesicles and of the prostate is given.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Puncture of the seminal vesicles guided by a transrectal real-time linear scanner.

An interventional technique using a transrectal real-time linear scanner has been applied to the transperineal puncture of the seminal vesicles in 143 patients. The composition of this group was as follows: seminal vesiculitis, 98; hemospermia, 20; and prostatic cancer, 25. The aspiration of fluid and the injection of antibiotics and/or steroid drugs into the vesicles were performed for the diagnosis and treatment of seminal vesiculitis and hemospermia. Clinical symptoms improved in 62% of the former and in 50% of the latter cases. Cancer cells were detected in aspirated vesicular fluid in 7 out of 17 cases with prostatic cancer. A remarkable improvement in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer invasion into the seminal vesicles can be expected from this new diagnostic procedure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial plasma cell granuloma evaluated by positron emission tomography.

A 50-year-old farmer with plasma cell granuloma had PET scans showing marked accumulation of C-11 Met. The PET had superiority in imaging the existence and extent of the lesion and monitored therapeutic response as compared with CT and MR imaging. PET yields information on hemocirculatory and metabolic aspects of this rare disease.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct cardiac potential trigger for chronic control of a ventricular assist device.

As a new trigger method for chronic drive control of a ventricular assist device (VAD), a direct cardiac potential trigger was assessed under various conditions in a chronic experimental model. A pneumatic pulsatile VAD was implanted as circulatory support between the left ventricular apex and the ascending aorta in 12 adult pigs. Hemodynamic parameters and pump output were continuously monitored. Two tips of a bipolar electrode were set on the RV anterior wall and the LV posterior wall for recording direct cardiac potential. Counterpulsation drive of the VAD was applied by using the R wave in a standard electrocardiogram (ECG) or the direct cardiac potential as an ECG trigger. As special conditions, various artifacts on ECG, electromusculogram, arrhythmia, irregular ventilation, and passive vibration (simulation of exercise) were set for assessing the ECG trigger modes. Artifacts of irregular ventilation and passive vibration made the drive control poor using a standard ECG trigger. In contrast, the direct cardiac potential trigger maintained the counterpulsation control of the VAD well in all conditions of this study, and was a safe and reliable support for the native heart. It also supported animals for up to 48 hours after operation. The above results suggested that the direct cardiac potential trigger might be useful for monitoring native heart beats and adjusting the support cycle to the native heart cycle as a chronic control method for various VADs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ebstein's anomaly with non-patent ductus arteriosus aneurysm and bradycardiac atrial fibrillation in an 80-year-old man.

An 80-year-old man with Ebstein's anomaly and ductus arteriosus aneurysm is reported. He was admitted with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation and right ventricular failure. For the control of brady-arrhythmia, a permanent pacemaker was implanted. Two-dimensional echocardiogram revealed distal displacement of the septal tricuspid valve. Aortography and computed tomography showed ductus arteriosus aneurysm. This is the first report of the association of Ebstein's anomaly and non-patent ductus arteriosus aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Objective parameters in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for neuromuscular diagnosis: preliminary findings.

T1 relaxation time (T1 time), T2 relaxation time (T2 time), and proton (rho) density in the thigh muscles of 20 normal healthy volunteers and three patients with muscle atrophy in the lower extremity were measured in order to select the useful MRI parameters for neuromuscular diagnosis. Since the standard deviation (SD) of both T1 and T2 times in each muscle was found to be within a relatively small range, these values were expected to be useful MRI parameters for neuromuscular diagnosis. On the contrary, rho density was not a valid parameter for diagnosis, as it was demonstrated to have large SDs in the muscles. The differences of these parameters in the three patients also supported the fact that MRI was useful for discriminating between the various types of muscular abnormalities based on relaxation times. The longer T1 and T2 times in women suggested that the content of water in skeletal muscle was higher in women than in men. Moreover, the T1 time in the dominant limbs was found to be shorter than in the non-dominant limbs for rectus femoris only in both men and women, while there were no differences in T2 time in these muscles.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of protein phosphorylation in Ca2+ regulated intracellular messenger systems.

We investigated the effects of a newly synthesized compound 1-(5-chloronaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine (ML-9), a myosin light chain kinase (MLC-kinase) inhibitor, on contractile responses and on phosphorylation of 20 KDa myosin light chain (LC20) in collagen induced human platelet, and the intact and skinned vascular smooth muscle cells. ML-9 were found to bind at or near ATP-binding site of MLC-kinase molecule and inhibit the enzyme activity in competitive fashion with respect to ATP, with a Ki value of 3.8 microM in the presence or absence of Ca2+-calmodulin. ML-9 had no or little effect on any other enzymes tested in vitro over similar concentration range to inhibit MLC-kinase. ML-9 delayed the time course of LC20 phosphorylation, sequentially led to a delay in aggregation and serotonin secretion in a dose-dependent fashion in collagen-induced human platelet. ML-9 (10 microM) produced a shift to the right and down in dose-response curves of rabbit vascular strips to all agonist tested. ML-9 also suppressed the Ca2+-induced contraction of saponin-treated skinned fibers. We then examined the relationship between ML-9-induced inhibition of isometric tension development after addition of 50 mM KCl and the extent of LC20 phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle. ML-9 not only inhibited the maximal extent of LC20 phosphorylation but also delayed the time course of the phosphorylation, in a dose-dependent manner. The initial rate of isometric tension development correlated to the extent of phosphorylation of the LC20. Thus, ML-9 should prove to be a specific and potent MLC-kinase inhibitor for investigating the physiological role of myosin light chain phosphorylation by MLC-kinase, in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tenascin expression in adenoid basal cell carcinoma of the skin.

The immunoreactivity of tenascin, an extra cellular matrix glycoprotein, spatially and temporarily expressed in a site restricted manner during embryogenesis, wound healing and various benign and malignant tumours, was evaluated in 24 cases of adenoid basal cell carcinoma of the skin. The expression of tenascin showed three distinct patterns: firstly, the expression was confined to the stroma surrounding the tumour cells, secondly, to the stromal tissues of epithelial tumour foci and lumens of cribriform or cyst-like epithelial structures, and finally, a mixed pattern of these two was seen. It is suggested that in addition to the stromal reactivity, epithelial tumour cells may produce tenascin to deposit into the cribriform cystic lumens in the adenoid basal cell carcinoma in the skin.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proliferating patterns of salivary gland adenocarcinomas with the use of PCNA labeling.

Cellular proliferation activity in a series of salivary gland malignant tumors was evaluated using the index of proliferation cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity. A streptavidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method (ABC) using a monoclonal antibody PC10 demonstrated nuclear staining with varying intensity and distribution in all tumor specimens. Acinic cell carcinoma (n = 5) and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (n = 1) showed relatively low proliferation fractions. In adenoid cystic carcinoma (n = 13), PCNA-positive nuclei were mainly distributed in neoplastic myoepithelial cells which were the predominant cells in tumor growth. No statistically significant difference was found between cribriformtubular and solid subtypes. In adenocarcinoma (n = 6), a well differentiated papillary-cystic pattern expressed a significantly higher PCNA index than poorly differentiated solid pattern, showing the loss of the relationship between PCNA expression and differentiation. Tumor cell differentiation appears to be more important than proliferation in determining biological behavior and prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 in epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of oral mucosa--a marker for poor tumor differentiation, increasing nuclear atypia and invasiveness?

The immunohistochemical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 was investigated in 9 cases of epithelial dysplasia and 38 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The intensity of immunoreactivity for each marker was assessed using a semiquantitative grading system, and was correlated with tumor differentiation, nuclear atypia and the patterns of invasive margins in the underlying connective tissue. PCNA expression, in dysplastic epithelium, was observed in the suprabasal and lower spinous layers; and the labeling grade and intensity of staining increased along with the degree of cellular atypia. In 2 cases of dysplasia, weak positive immunoreactivity for p53 could be seen in a few isolated cells of the basal layer. In squamous cell carcinoma, PCNA expression was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation and nuclear atypia in well and moderately differentiated carcinoma, but not with the invasive pattern of tumor growth. Immunoreactivity for p53 was positive in 30 cases and showed a distribution pattern very similar to PCNA but with fewer positive cells. Three distinct categories of expression for PCNA and p53 were observed, among them a combination of intense reactivity for both markers was indicative of poor differentiation, higher nuclear atypia and more invasive growth of tumor cells.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gel permeation and florisil chromatographic cleanup and gas chromatographic determination of organochlorine pesticides in eggs.

Cleanup of residual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-BHC; aldrin; dieldrin; p, p'-DDE; o,p'-DDT; p,p'-DDD; and p,p'-DDT) in eggs by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Florisil minicolumn chromatography is described. Ten OCPs in purified extract are determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The lipids extracted from whole egg are cleaned up first by GPC with an Envirogel column and an ethyl acetate-cychlohexane (1 + 1, v/v) mobile phase and then by Florisil minicolumn chromatography with 15% (v/v) diethyl ether-hexane eluant. Cleanup is highly efficient. Average recoveries of 10 spiked OCPs (0.0025-0.0125 ppm) ranged from 81 to 101%, with coefficients of variation between 1 and 14%. The detection limit was 0.001 ppm for the 10 OCPs.

Chromatography, Gas↗