Biomedical subjects

M Saeki

Publications and source records attributed to M Saeki.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Determination of thiamphenicol residues in chicken muscles by column liquid chromatography.

A column liquid chromatographic (CLC) method for the determination of thiamphenicol residues in chicken muscles was developed. The drug is extracted from minced muscles with ethyl acetate and the extract is evaporated to dryness. The residue is dissolved in 10% sodium chloride solution and partitioned with n-hexane. Thiamphenicol is extracted with ethyl acetate and, after evaporation of the solvent, the residue is cleaned up by alumina column chromatography. CLC analysis is carried out on a Nucleosil C18 column with ultraviolet detection of thiamphenicol at 230 nm. The average recoveries of thiamphenicol added to muscles at 0.2 and 0.1 ppm were 92.8 and 90.0%, respectively. The detection limit was 5 ng for thiamphenicol standard, which corresponds to 0.05 ppm in muscles.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Metabolic changes in LDL receptors and an appearance of scavenger receptors after phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells.

Metabolic changes in lipoprotein receptors after cell differentiation were investigated using U937 cells, a human tumor cell line with monoblastic characteristics. After inducing the differentiation of U937 cells into monocyte-macrophage-like cells using TPA (12-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate), the incorpotation of [14C]oleate into cellular cholesteryl [14C]oleate was increased in comparison with U937 cells when incubated with r-beta VLDL, h-VLDL or h-LDL. A marked down-regulation of LDL receptors was observed in U937 cells upon addition of 25-hydroxycholesterol. However, this down-regulation of LDL receptors was poor in monocyte-macrophage-like cells that had been induced to differentiate from U937 cells with TPA. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity was increased after TPA-induced differentiation of U-937 cells. The incorporation of [14C]oleate into cellular cholesteryl [14C]oleate was also increased when incubated with acetylated h-LDL in monocyte-macrophage-like cells in comparison with U937 cells. These results suggest that a poor down-regulation of LDL receptors, which is attributable to increased acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity, and scavenger receptors are induced and that these metabolic changes in lipoprotein receptors and an increased acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity contribute to cholesterol ester accumulation in monocyte-macrophage-like cells.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗

PubMed1991

[How many years should we keep films?].

In our university hospital, all of the radiographs have been stored since the hospital opening in 1974, and they can be retrieved easily. The total number of jackets is about 230,000. Access rates to them were surveyed, and it became clear that inactive jackets were increasing with the age of the hospital. On the contrary, fraction of active jackets increased slightly. Five radiologists evaluated the usefulness of referring to the previous films in the film reading processes. Subjects were 158 patients who were examined after the interval of 8 years or more. Assuming to discard their previous radiographs, the simple inaccessibility risk was 0.41% and the risk decreased to 0.0026% taking the clinical disadvantage into consideration. Risk to research works was estimated as 0.97%. Based on these surveys and evaluations, our university decided to discard radiographs of patients who had not revisited these 10 years with the exception of important cases for researches.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

Analysis of neutral amino acid transport systems in the small intestine: a study of brush border membrane vesicles.

Transport of L-proline, L-leucine and L-cysteine was studied in brush border membrane vesicles prepared from guinea pig ileum. Concentrative transport of L-proline, L-leucine and L-cysteine was obtained in the presence of an Na+ gradient from, outside to inside of the vesicles, which indicated contribution of either system A (alanine-preferring) or system ASC (alanine-, serine- and cysteine-preferring) to the transport. When Na+ was replaced by Li+, L-leucine and L-cysteine maintained the same concentrative transport. However, the concentrative transport of L-proline was markedly decreased by Li+ -for-Na+ substitution. Strong exchange properties of L-leucine transport via system L (leucine-preferring) was observed with brush border membrane vesicles, in which preloaded L-methionine could be exchanged with labeled L-leucine added outside the vesicles. These results suggest that the small intestine of the guinea pig possesses classical neutral amino acid transport systems such as systems A, ASC and L.

Alanine↗

PubMed1991

Effectiveness of an intussusceptive antireflux valve to prevent ascending cholangitis after hepatic portojejunostomy in biliary atresia.

An intussusceptive antireflux valve was created in the Roux-en-Y loop at the same time as the hepatic portojejunostomy (Kasai procedure) for the purpose of preventing ascending cholangitis in 14 new cases of biliary atresia and in 6 long-term survivors of the Kasai operation after episodes of ascending cholangitis. Ascending cholangitis did not develop in any of the 13 new patients who showed bile outflow following a modified Kasai procedure with antireflux valve nor in 5 of 6 patients who had secondary valve implementation. Postmortem examination of a patient with a valve who died 2 years 3 months after surgery showed that the structure of the valve was intact and that the valve still was quite effective as an antireflux mechanism.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗

PubMed1991

The effect of bovine brain gangliosides on essential tremor.

We reported the case of a 74-year-old woman suffering from essential tremor for 20 years which was treated effectively with purified bovine brain gangliosides containing GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b gangliosides. The trials of the treatment were conducted twice, 40 mg and 20 mg gangliosides per day respectively administered intramuscularly. Essential tremor dramatically improved with gangliosides on the second day of treatment, suggesting that the effect of gangliosides was not induced by neuronal sprouting or regeneration. It is speculated that a certain type of essential tremor is a reversible disease of membrane disorder.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Occlusion of fistulas with fibrin glue].

Fistula formation is one of complications after surgery. Additional surgical intervention is recommended when fistula does not respond to conservative therapy. Eight patients with fistula were treated by using a baby feeding tube or double lumen angiographic catheter with fibrin glue. All the fistulas except one were successfully treated; 6 with complete occlusion and one with decreased discharge from fistula. It is emphasized that two deep fistulas could be occluded by using angiographic technique. Our preliminary result suggests fibrin occlusion therapy of fistulas is a safe and useful procedure, and an alternative to surgery for non-curative fistula.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Intussusception-type antireflux valve in the Roux-en-Y loop to prevent ascending cholangitis after hepatic portojejunostomy.

An intussusception-type antireflux valve was created in the Roux-en-Y loop in 23 infants with biliary atresia (17 new cases, and six others after episodes of ascending cholangitis) and 10 patients with congenital bile duct dilatation, in order to prevent ascending cholangitis after hepatic portojejunostomy. Mesenteric blood vessels were divided in a 4 cm length of the Roux-en-Y loop, and the distal 1.5 cm of this portion was further denuded of the seromuscular layer; an antireflux valve was thus established by invaginating the proximal portion into the denuded jejunum. No case, in which this technique was used, was associated with any surgical complications, and ascending cholangitis never developed in any of the 17 new cases with biliary atresia, during an average follow-up of 32 months.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗

PubMed1990

Determination of plasma total renin level by RIA with a monoclonal antibody: value as a marker for nephroblastoma.

Plasma total renin is a new, useful marker for nephroblastoma, but the conventional method for determining its level is sophisticated and requires large blood samples. To develop a simpler technique, a monoclonal antibody specific for both inactive and active renin (inactive + active = total) was raised, and a radioimmunoassay (RIA) system was established. This monoclonal antibody stains only the juxtaglomerular apparatus; values determined by this RIA did not change before and after activation. So far, the RIA system has been applied to 136 samples from 92 patients. Plasma total renin levels were also determined with the conventional method: samples were activated, then renin activity was assayed by measuring angiotensin I. The coefficient of the data obtained by these two different techniques was 0.921 (P less than .01). Plasma total renin levels in patients with nephroblastoma were significantly increased (546.5 +/- 297.8 pg/mL) over those in patients with neuroblastoma (218.6 +/- 46.5 pg/mL) and in controls (165.8 +/- 67.5 pg/mL, P less than .01). After removal of Wilms' tumors, the levels decreased to normal when sampled every 2 weeks. It was concluded that a newly developed RIA system is more useful in determining plasma total renin levels in patients with nephroblastoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1990

Delayed puberty in girls having biliary atresia.

Biliary atresia patients have several problems even after undergoing successful Kasai operation. Fourteen female patients have been followed for over 12 years after successful Kasai original portoenterostomy procedures. The oldest patient is 21 years of age. All patients are jaundice-free, but 10 patients have a history of esophageal varices and/or hypersplenism. Five patients complain of menstrual disorders. The average age of menarche was delayed 1 year, 9 months, compared with Japanese controls. Two cases of 11 (18.2%) presented primary amenorrhea after 14 years, 6 months, which is mean + 2SD of Japanese controls. Four cases of 11 (36.4%) showed secondary amenorrhea. Unestablished menstrual cycles after 2 years of menarche were observed in two patients of nine (22.2%). Four cases had regular menstruation. Five patients showed delay in the development of pubic hair and breasts. Six patients showed atypical body height velocity pattern that showed no peaking, and one patient showed no growth spurt. All the patients with amenorrhea had portal hypertension. In hormonal evaluation, the patients with menstruation showed normal or slightly good reaction of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone test, having normal to high estradiol levels. The patients with menstrual abnormality showed overreaction of LH, having normal estradiol levels.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Clinical characteristics and possible role of coronary artery spasm in syncope and/or aborted sudden death.

We investigated the clinical and pathophysiologic characteristics in patients with vasospastic angina who developed syncope and/or experienced aborted sudden death (SD). Vasospastic angina was diagnosed using the methylergonovine test. Syncope was found in 32 (10.4%) patients among 309 who were admitted to our institute in a one-year period. The most frequent cause of syncope was ventricular tachycardia which was found in 10 (31.2%) of the 32 patients. The next important cause of syncope was vasospastic angina which was found in 7 patients (21.8%). Among the 7 patients with vasospastic angina who experienced one or more syncopal episodes, there were 3 patients with aborted SD, 3 with syncope and one with shock. Cardiovascular collapse was observed in 4. Interior wall ischemia was found in 5 and anterior wall ischemia in 2 during the methylergonovine test. None of the 7 patients had significant coronary stenosis. Two patients had no prodromal symptom such as chest pain. Our results suggest that coronary artery spasm may be one of the most frequent cardiovascular diseases that causes syncope which is not always accompanied by a prodromal symptom. Therefore, coronary spasm should be distinguished in patients with unexplained syncope or aborted SD.

Coronary Angiography↗

PubMed1990

[The role of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine on very low density lipoprotein secretion from rat hepatocytes].

The role of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine on hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion was investigated with rat hepatocytes. Hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion (apo B, apo E, cholesterol, triglyceride, phosphatidylcholine) was decreased by the reduction of hepatic phosphatidylcholine content. However, cholesterol loading into hepatocytes did not affect hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion. Hepatic apolipoprotein contents were constant and were not influenced by a change of hepatic cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine contents. These results suggest that lipids, which are constituents of lipoproteins, play different roles on hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on plasma cholesterol level and hepatic lipoprotein metabolism.

The effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on the plasma cholesterol level and rates of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol secretion and low density lipoprotein (LDL) transport through LDL receptors in the liver of the hamster were investigated. Increases of plasma VLDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels and VLDL-cholesterol secretion from hepatocytes were observed in animals fed a diet enriched with 0.1% cholesterol for 2 weeks in comparison with animals fed a control diet. The addition of dietary palmitic acid accelerated the effect of dietary cholesterol on plasma VLDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels and VLDL-cholesterol secretion from hepatocytes. Dietary linoleic acid accelerated the effect of dietary cholesterol on VLDL-cholesterol secretion from hepatocytes and diminished the effect on the plasma LDL-cholesterol level. Hepatic LDL receptor activity was considerably suppressed by a control diet containing 0.05% cholesterol and a further small suppression was induced by a diet enriched with 0.1% cholesterol with or without 5% palmitic acid. However, dietary linoleic acid diminished the effect of dietary cholesterol on the suppression of hepatic LDL receptor activity. These results suggest that dietary palmitic acid augments the effect of dietary cholesterol in elevating the plasma LDL-cholesterol level through acceleration of VLDL-cholesterol secretion from the liver, and that dietary linoleic acid diminishes the effect of dietary cholesterol in elevating the plasma LDL-cholesterol level by preventing the suppression of hepatic LDL receptor activity induced by cholesterol.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Estimating the quality of life in childhood cancer survivors from parent questionnaires].

Multidisciplinary clinical research on childhood cancer has achieved a marked improvement in survival rate during the last two decades. Due to the increase of long-term survivors, the survey of quality of life (QOL) of cured children is essential. But methods to estimate QOL of children have not been established. We attempted to estimate the QOL of surviving patients from the responses to a questionnaire filled out by their parents. The total number of patients treated at the National Children's Hospital from 1965-1987 was 937, of which 296 patients are still surviving. Among these survivors 108 patients were selected to be surveyed because they were being followed up by our attending physicians. The originally elaborated questionnaire was sent to parents in June 1989. Seventy-eight parents responded. The questionnaire consisted of four major questions. The first was how the QOL of the child compared to that of an ordinary child. The parents circled the appropriate level of QOL determined by our scale (1 lower, 4 the same as ordinary child, 7 excellent). The average score was 5.61 showing that parents felt their child's QOL is superior to an ordinary child. The second question concerned how the present status of the child was influenced by the experience of cancer. Answers were divided into five categories as follows: 1) Good or positive (10%); 2) nothing in particular (49%); minimum (29%); negative (9%); and other (7%). The third question concerned any anxieties. Most parents had numerous anxieties about the relapse, late effects, education, job prospects, marriage and offspring and getting the latest information. The fourth question dealt with what to tell the child as to their true diagnosis. Answers were divided as follows: absolutely no (56%); yes, but in the future (23%); yes, already done (10%); and yes, through our physician; (13%). After studying the questionnaires we interviewed the parents. We noticed that the parent/child relationship was very close. A meeting was conducted with parents and all the staff (doctors, psychologists and nurses). In conclusion, the QOL in surviving childhood cancer patients is considered to be better than that of ordinary children by their parents. This result is likely due to the excellent parent/child relationship.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Bone marrow suppression in gynecological patients with malignant tumor treated with combination chemotherapy cyclophosphamide, pirarubicin and cisplatin].

We treated 14 patients with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin (CAP), and 16 patients with cyclophosphamide, Pirarubicin and cisplatin (CTP). Hematological changes in the peripheral blood were compared in the two groups to determine whether there was any difference in bone marrow suppression. 1) The lowest leukocyte counts were similar in the two groups. The leukocyte count reached its nadir at 11.6 +/- 2.1 days in the CTP group and at 15.1 +/- 2.8 days in the CAP group, a significant difference (p less than 0.01). 2) The leukocyte count recovered rapidly in the CTP group and was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) at 3 to 4 weeks than in the CAP group, and it returned to the pretreatment level in the CTP group in the fourth week. 3) The platelet count reached its lowest level in the second week in both groups. In the CTP group, it was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in the CAP group. 4) Reticulocyte count reached its lowest level in the first week in both groups, and then started increasing. 5) In the CTP group, a course of treatment was 28.0 +/- 2.3 days and it was 29.5 +/- 2.3 days in the CAP group. In 28% of the CPA group, it took 30 days or more for the leukocyte count to return to normal after one course, while none of the CTP group did the leukocyte count remain low for 30 days. These results show that CTP causes more rapid bone marrow suppression (particularly leukocytopenia) than CAP, does but that a recovery is more rapid with CTP. These CTP may be a better form of treatment than CAP.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1989

Radiologic evaluation of surgical resectability in abdominal neuroblastoma.

To assess the resectability of abdominal neuroblastoma, three parameters were framed in the lateral view aortogram: AV index, AS index, and AS angle. AV index is the ratio of the maximum distance between the aorta/spinal column and the height of the fourth lumbar vertebral body (HV). AS index is the ratio of the maximum distance between the aorta/superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the HV. AS angle is the angle between the aorta and SMA. Thirty-four aortograms from 21 patients with abdominal neuroblastoma were reviewed, and these parameters were measured in each of the aortograms. Radical resection of the tumor was achieved in ten of 12 patients (83%) with an AV index less than 0.5; however, radical resection was performed in only three of 12 patients (25%) with an AV index greater than or equal to 0.5. The AV index was less than 0.5 in ten of 13 patients (77%) undergoing radical resection. On the other hand, resection was delayed in all ten patients with an AV index greater than or equal to 0.5. Radical resection was achieved in 12 of 14 patients (86%) when the AS index was less than 1.0, but in only one of ten patients (10%) with an AS index greater than or equal to 1.0. Also, the AS index was less than 1.0 in 12 of 13 patients (92%) with radical resection. However, surgery was postponed in all ten patients with an AS index greater than or equal to 1.0. There appeared to be no significant relation between resectability and AS angle. The AV and AS indexes, which are derived from lateral view aortograms, seem to be useful parameters in assessing the resectability of abdominal neuroblastoma.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1989

Hypergonadotropinemia with estradiol secretion in peri- and postmenopausal period.

Plasma gonadotropins and estradiol levels were evaluated in 155 peri- and postmenopausal women. The average menopausal age was 52.5 years in 56 postmenopausal women. Plasma FSH and LH levels showed hypergonadotropinemia in many premenopausal women 45-49 years old, whose plasma estradiol levels, however, sometimes remained higher than 25 pg/ml. It was observed that 19 of 38 women (50%) had an estradiol level exceeding 25 pg/ml, of those 50-59 years old, whose gonadotropin level showed hypergonadotropinemia in 29 cases (76.3%). Ovarian vein levels of estradiol obtained during laparotomy of 21 patients were significantly higher than peripheral vein concentrations. In 3 of 5 climacteric women with irregular menstrual intervals and whose plasma gonadotropin level was within the postmenopausal range, some degree of estradiol secretion in the ovarian vein was detected. Estradiol was still present in the ovarian vein blood of some postmenopausal women. These data show that the basal gonadotropin level may become high several years before the menopause and that some ovarian function may be preserved after the menopause. Furthermore, it is possible that estrogen secretion may be disturbed by consistent hypersecretion of gonadotropins in the climacteric period.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Early complications after hepatic porto-jejunostomy in biliary atresia].

Postoperative complications which developed within three years after hepatic porto-jejunostomy (Kasai's operation) in 126 patients of biliary atresia were analyzed. Ascending cholangitis developed in 47 of 97 bile excreted patients. The excretion of bile ceased in another 18 patients without any symptom of cholangitis. Adhesive ileus, bleeding from the porta hepatis, wound dehiscence, and anastomotic leak developed less frequently. The mortality rate of the patients with these complications, especially with cholangitis or with cessation of the bile excretion, was extremely high; twenty nine (62%) out of 47 patients with cholangitis, and 14(78%) out of 18 patients with cessation of the bile excretion died. On the other hand, the mortality rate in 24 patients with bile excretion but without any postoperative complication was only 8% (2 patients). An intussusception type antireflux valve in the Roux-en-Y loop was effective for preventing cholangitis; cholangitis developed in none of 8 patients with an anti-reflux valve, whereas cholangitis developed in 25(48%) of recent 52 patients without a valve.

Biliary Atresia↗