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Biomedical subjects

M Roth

Publications and source records attributed to M Roth.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Carboxypeptidase N from pig serum.

Carboxypeptidase N has been purified 865-fold from pig serum. The enzyme has a molecular weight of approximately 315 000. In the presence of dodecylsulfate and mercaptoethanol, it dissociates into three subunits of Mr = 90 000, 50 000, 30 000, respectively. The native enzyme and the subunit of Mr = 90 000 contain carbohydrate; no carbohydrate is found in the subunits of Mr = 50 000 and 30 000. Trypsin transforms carboxypeptidase N into a form having a smaller molecular weight and enhanced activity.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Automated amino acid analysis with sensitive fluorescence detection.

The fluorigenic o-phthalaldehyde-mercaptoethanol reagent gives good reproducibility with a very stable baseline when applied to the automated analysis of amino acids at the nanomole level. Determination of even smaller quantities is possible; basic amino acids are then preferably eluted separately at constant pH (for example pH 6.0); this eliminates the baseline irregularities that occur with single column systems at high sensitivity settings. The reagent gives excellent results in the assay of small quantities of biological fluids such as blood plasma.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1976

[Experimental skeletal teratogenesis: a disturbance of relative osteo-neural growth].

The previously suggested concept of the closest growth relations existing between the bony and the nervous tissue at the organ level of the spinal cord and the peripheral (including the facial) nervous trunks is experimentally buttressed. It is shown that the normal gross-morphological features of the vertebrae as well as of the tubular bones (viz., their length, physiological curvatures and terminal expansions) result from the adaptation of the bone growth to the slower proceeding and vulnerable neural extensive growth, viz., from a physiological osteo-neural growth disproportion. The more or less conspicuous growth in length of the facial skeleton depends upon the phylogenetically established, more or less evolved extensive-growth potentially of the facial nervous trunks as well. The growth relation existing between the developing brain and its bony case applies essentially even for the axial organ, the extremities as well as for the facial skeleton. The experimental findings speak in favour of the theoretical expectation that the typical teratogenic deformities of the extremities (micromelia), of the spine (scoliosis, defects of the vertebrae and of the ribs) as well as of the beak (jaws) which may be produced by a great number of most diverse teratogens, result from the adaptation of the bone growth to the growth-insufficient nervous trunks, viz., from the pathologically enhanced osteo-neural growth disproportion. The cleft palate and the digital defects (syndactylia, oligodactylia) may be readily explained by the growth-inhibition of the palatal and digital nervous structures as well. The vertebrate body may be thus conceived as composed of 2 growth types, viz., the neural-extensive and the cellular-divisional (mitotic). The former is represented by an extremely dense feltwork of nerve fibers and trunks (the DONALDSON'S "nervous skeleton") which is "stuffed" with the other, mostly mitotically growing tissues. The 2 growth types are closely related partly at the macro-(organ-) level concerning the normal and teratogenic morphogenesis of the skeleton, partly at the micro-level of the utmost periphery, viz., of the terminal extensive meshwork and the individual cells or groups of cells. The cells which escape from the extensive feltwork (i.e. from the "nervous skeleton") such as the superficial cells of the epidermis or mucous membranes and, in all probability, the elements of the haemopoetic organs, perish under normal conditions, suffer a planned, highly purposeful death. With regard to the lack of normal nerves within malignant tumours, the malignant cell may be conceived as the one which escaped from the limiting confines of the extensive feltwork and, inspite of that, continues to live instead of "committing suicide."

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

[Activation of acid prostate phosphatase by 1-pentanol (author's transl)].

The activity of the acid phosphatase from prostate was increased by 90% by the addition of 150 mmol/l 1-pentanol to the assay mixture. This activation results in an increased turnover of substrate, so that the phosphomonoester is cleaved more rapidly and a correspondingly larger amount of the release organic residue can be detected. The quantity of free phosphate, however, does not correspond to the substrate turnover, because some of the phosphate residue is transferred from the substrate to the 1-pentanol in a transphosphorylation reaction. The influence of the substrate, buffer, pH and of tartrate on the 1-pentanol-activated prostate phosphatase was investigated.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Fluorimetric determination of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase. (angiotensin-I-converting enzyme).

A fluorimetric assay of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase is described. It involves incubation at 37 degrees C with the substrate, Z-Phe-His-Leu, and reaction of the dipeptide His-Leu which is released upon enzymatic hydrolysis, with o-phthalaldehyde to yield a fluorescent compound. The method is simple, precise and sensitive. The assay in serum is conveniently performed on 20 mul samples. Normal values in human serum range from 0.04 to 0.22 U/l.

Benzyl Compounds↗
PubMed1975

Genetic hypotheses and environmental factors in the light of psychiatric morbidity in the families of schizophrenics.

The hypothesis that schizophrenia and some non-psychotic abnormalities occurring in the close relatives are both manifestations of a unitary "schizoid state' due to a major dominant gene is further examined. Comparisons are made (1) of the observed and expected frequencies of the different types of parent mating; and (2) of the observed and expected risks among sibs in families with neither, or with one or both, of the parents abnormal. It is concluded that the results do not fit well with the model of inheritance of the schizoid state through a major dominant gene. Since some hereditary contribution in schizophrenia can be regarded as established, the excess of personality disorders and heavy drinking in the families is thought to be due to a combination of polygenic inheritance and environmental influences. The findings are regarded only as tentative, but suggest several hypotheses which could be tested.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

Psychiatric morbidity in parents and sibs of schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics.

The aims of this study were to compare the psychiatric morbidity occurring in the close relatives (N = 332) of patients showing nuclear forms of schizophrenia with that of a control group (N = 201), and to consider the findings in relation to the concept of the schizophrenic "spectrum' and to some genetic theories of schizophrenia. About one third of each group were interviewed by a psychiatrist using defined diagnostic criteria, and information of varying degrees of completeness was obtained about the remainder. After considering possible biases, it was concluded that the "spectrum disorders' most likely to be biologically related to schizophrenia were personality disorders of non-neurotic type, either alone or in combination with another diagnosis. The results, however, did not fit well with the model of dominant inheritance of schizophrenia and schizoid disease proposed by Heston (1970).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Gas chromatographic determination of methoxyflurane in maternal and foetal blood during anaesthesia for Caesarean sections.

In 50 cases of Caesarean section for various indication, methoxyflurane was administered to two groups of patients in two different dosages by a Pentec-vaporizer. Blood was sampled simultaneously in the radial artery of the mother and in the umbilical vein. The methoxyflurane concentrations of both samples of blood were measured by gas chromatography. With an inspiratory concentration of 0.2 vol.-% methoxyflurane, the mean concentration was 166 mumol/1(2.75 mg/100 ml) in the maternal blood and 69 mumol/1 (1.14 mg/100 ml) in the umbilical vein. With 0.5 vol.-%, the corresponding values were 345 mumol/1 (5.72 mg/100 ml) and 137 mumol/1 (2.25 mg/100 ml) respectively. The condition of the new-born did not appear to be affected by the given doses of methoxyflurane.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Adrenalin treatment for hereditary angioneurotic edema.

In two patients studied with HAE the repeated use of 1.0 cc of 1:1000 epinephrine every hour for episodes threatening the upper airway resulted in both subjective and objective improvement of signs and symptoms in a manner we interpret as helpful. No harmful side effects have been encountered in these two young, otherwise healthy, people. Until a more definite therapy is found, we believe repeated high doses of adrenalin should be considered in young patients with HAE presenting with symptoms and signs of airway involvement.

Adult↗