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Biomedical subjects

M Ross

Publications and source records attributed to M Ross.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Studies on antibody to hepatitis A virus in children and adults in London.

366 specimens of serum from children and adults without liver disease were screened for antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) by means of radioimmunoassay. 56% were born in London, 26% came to London from various parts of the United Kingdom and the remainder (18%) from various parts of the world. The prevalence of antibody was related to increasing age, ranging from 7% in children under ten years of age to 77% in adults aged 50 years or more. The prevalence of anti-HAV was significantly higher in females, in the lower socio-economic class and in those not indigenous to London. In comparison to other urban populations such as those of the United States and Western Europe, the prevalence of anti-HAV was similar in terms of the overall prevalence and age distribution. By contrast, these findings were entirely different from the countries of Eastern Europe and the Middle East where the overall prevalence was higher but the anti-HAV was equal in all ages. Thus, the findings presented indicate that hepatitis A virus infection is common in London and also shows a clear relationship to advancing age, lower socioeconomic class and the country of origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A cross-national comparison of the institutionalized elderly in the cities of New York and London.

Two random samples, each constituting 0.5% of the institutionalized elderly (over 65) in the cities of New York and London have been compared. This preliminary report of a collaborative study demonstrates the similarity of the 2 samples. Institutions in the 2 cities are shown to differ in size, type of ownership and the frequency that skilled nursing is provided. Some implications of these 2 findings are raised now, and will be discussed later when the full data for the study are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

I.R.-Stimulated catalysis (a potential spectral tool).

Catalytic rate is proposed as an infrared spectrographic index. Initial investigations of catalytic activity, on beta-galactosidase show a 1-2 fold increase in rate for a mutant enzyme when exposed to 10.6 micrometer irradiation at 2%. No increase was obtained for the wild-type enzyme.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1979

Measurement of clinical change in progressive systemic sclerosis: a 1 year double-blind placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine.

N-acetylcysteine was employed as a therapeutic agent in a 1-year, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective study of 22 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Patients were closely followed-up and were extensively evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Most parameters remained unchanged during 1 year of study in both the NAC and placebo groups, which showed the need for prolonged studies of drugs in PSS if definitive results are to be obtained. Over the year of the study the diffusing capacity decreased in both groups, while several other parameters measured both increased and decreased. Several simple measures of function and skin distensibility were tested and two (oral aperature and handspread) were reproducible and sensitive enough to measure moderate changes of disease activity. They may be useful in future trials of drug effect in PSS.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1979

Humoral immunity before and after thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.

Humoral immunity was studied in 10 patients with myasthenia gravis before thymectomy, in 15 different patients over 10 years after thymectomy, and in normal controls. Antibody titers to acetylcholine receptor were significantly (p less than 0.01) lower in the post-thymectomy group. However, other antibody titers to common viruses, and to Escherichia coli, and isohemagglutinins showed no significant change. Levels of IgM and IgE (with atopic subjects excluded) decreased following thymectomy (p less than 0.05). Autoantibodies persisted, apart from those directed against the acetylcholine receptor. The absence of any significant changes in humoral immunity after thymectomy for myasthenia gravis suggests that there is no generalized loss of helper T-cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Social Security Amendments of 1977: legislative history and summary of provisions.

This article describes the legislative history of the Social Security Amendments of 1977 and contains a summary of the amendments. The major provisions revise the benefit structure so that future replacement rates--initial benefits as a percent of previous earnings--will be relatively stable and revise the tax structure to restore the financial soundness of the program in the short range and into the 21st century. Other significant provisions include: An increased special minimum benefit for long-term workers with future automatic adjustment to prices; a minimum benefit frozen at the December 1978 level (roughly $121) with automatic adjustment only for those on the rolls; a higher retirement test exempt amount of beneficiaries aged 65 and over; an annual measure of "quarter of coverage" and other changes in annual wage reporting provisions; and authorization for agreements with foreign countries for limited coordination between social security systems.

Marriage↗
PubMed1977

Report on a free sterilization service in Natal.

In this article the results of a pilot project (carried out at King George V Hospital, Durban, and later extended to include all Natal Provincial Administration hospitals) offering free sterilization to persons who attend family planning clinics are reported. A mini laparotomy technique which requires little operative skill, minimizes operative trauma and requires only 24 hours postoperative hospitalization is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Predicting the development of pregnancy-associated hypertension. The place of standardised blood-pressure measurement.

82 initially normotensive pregnant women with no known history of renal disease were seen at monthly intervals from 16 weeks' amenorrhoea onwards, and their blood-pressure (B.P.) was measured sitting and lying on their left side. 15 developed hypertension (B.P. greater than 135/85 mm Hg lying on the left side) in late pregnancy. When these women were compared with the 67 who remained normotensive throughout, their B.P.s were found to be significantly higher even in early pregnancy, although individual patients were not always separable in this way. When B.P. measured in this rigidly standardised manner was compared with routine antenatal clinic values, it was apparent that the latter did not detect the difference between the two groups. Women who develop hypertension in the third trimester of pregnancy (pre-eclampsia) may represent a separate group from entirely normal pregnant women from the beginning of pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Distribution of endorphins (peptides with morphine-like pharmacological activity) in pituitary.

Endorphin was found in the pituitary gland of rat, sheep, pig, cow and man. In bovine pituitary, highest concentrations have been found in that part of the posterior lobe containing the pars intermedia, although endorphin was also present in the pars distalis. Analysis by gel filtration and adsorption chromatography suggested that the major endorphins from rat, pig and cow pituitary were similar, with apparent molecular weights in the range 3000-3500 daltons.

Animals↗