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Biomedical subjects

M Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to M Rosen.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Age-related changes in normal human basement membrane.

Basement membranes were studied in the seminiferous tubules of the male, and capillaries of the pectoralis muscles in "normal" males and females. Age-related changes in basement membrane thickness were investigated on electromicrographs by quantitative morphometry. Specimens obtained from either autopsies or surgical procedures were divided into four different age groups ranging from age 16 to age 87 years. The results show a statistically significant increase in the basement membrane thickness correlated with age, in basement membranes associated with both mesenchymal (capillaries) and epithelial (testes) tissue. A comparison of capillary basement membrane in the pectoralis muscle and seminiferous tubule basement membrane in the male show a constant increase in thickness until the age of 60 years, following which only slight increases were noted. The basement membrane thickness in capillaries of the pectoralis muscle in females showed linear increases throughout the lifespan, although at a lower rate than in the male; at age 80 years, it had the same thickness as the male. A comparison of basement membrane thickness between the youngest and oldest groups showed an increase of approximately 50% in all tissues studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Educated cheek.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cheek↗
PubMed1981

A new approach to artificial expansion and ventilation of the lung in the severely asphyxiated neonate.

In severe asphyxia, expansion of the newborn lung must precede ventilation by intermittent positive pressure. Inadequate expansion may lead to hypoxia and excessive expansion to rupture of the lung. The only way in which a predetermined pressure can be achieved, and not exceeded in the alveoli, is by applying that pressure at the mouth and waiting until all flow ceases. Applying pressure in this way and increasing it according to a "staircase" pattern, with appropriate steps at suitable intervals, should ensure that the maximum pressure produced in the alveoli is no greater than the minimum necessary for resuscitation in each individual infant. On the basis of published work, ranges of optimum values for the increments and time intervals are suggested. Clinical judgement is still necessary to select from within these ranges, but this "pressure staircase" method should provide a systematic approach to the problem. A suitable apparatus is described.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of meptazinol and pethidine given i.v. on demand in the management of postoperative pain.

Meptazinol and pethidine were compared under double-blind conditions in 20 patients, using an on-demand analgesic system to provide pain relief after upper abdominal surgery. The degree of analgesia, subjectively assessed, was good with both meptazinol and pethidine; although meptazinol produced significantly more nausea than did pethidine (P less than 0.01), there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of other side-effects. Over 24 h average consumption of meptazinol was 2.4 times that of pethidine, suggesting that, when given by i.v. injection, meptazinol is less potent that pethidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Acceptability of continuous nasal nitrous oxide during labour--a field trial in six maternity hospitals.

In six maternity hospital 516 mothers during labour received 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen (Entonox) continuously at 5 litres/minute through a single-end nasal catheter and intermittently by a mouthpiece for a mean duration of 3 hours 30 minutes (513 mothers). A comparison was made with a control group of 575 mothers who had intermittent inhalation of Entonox only for a mean duration of 3 hours 6 minutes (574 mothers). The midwives had no difficulty learning to manage the administration of nasal Entonox. Eighty-six per cent of mothers agreed to use the nasal method and 70% continued for the duration of their labour. The midwives reported that pain relief was improved, and 51 (92%) would wish to continue offering the technique.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1980

Minimum artificial lung expansion necessary for resuscitation of the newborn lamb.

In a group of seven lambs, pressure-volume relationships were obtained for the initial artificial expansion of the lungs in the intact chest and subsequent re-expansion afer the lungs had been excised and collapsed. In a second group, of 12 severely asphyxiated lambs, the lungs were expanded in steps and circulatory resuscitation was achieved at pressures ranging from 1.75 to 3.5 kPa, geometric mean 2.3 kPa, with estimated corresponding volumes of 3--24 ml kg-1, geometric mean 5.8 ml kg-1. In a third group, of 24 severely asphyxiated lambs (mean pH 6.84), 22 were successfully resuscitated in the same manner and nine of these survived in apparent good health for more than 6 months. Any resuscitation regime for human neonates should take account of the finding that resuscitation occurred at pressures less than those necessary for full expansion and that, after the first sign of an increase in heart rate, there was a delay of 17--45 s before full circulatory improvement and of 3 min before full improvement in PaO2.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Self-administered intravenous and intramuscular pethidine. A controlled trial in labour.

In a randomised controlled trial of mothers in labour intramuscular pethidine 150 mg, repeated if necessary, was compared with self-administered intravenous pethidine (0.25 mg/kg available at 10-min-intervals). Each mother agreed to have either method of pain relief and could opt for epidural block. The intramuscular group had significantly more pethidine than the intravenous group (mean differences, primipara 29 mg; multipara 16 mg). Ratings by mothers of the pain of 1st, 2nd stage and overall (analogue scores and gradings) were consistently better for the intravenous group although not significantly different. There were no differences in mean Apgar scores between the babies in the groups. In mothers who do not choose epidural block, similar pain relief is afforded by adequate intramuscular pethidine or self-demand intravenous pethidine; however, intravenous self-administration is more efficient since the pain relief is achieved with a lower dose of pethidine.

Adult↗