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Biomedical subjects

M Roland

Publications and source records attributed to M Roland.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Preliminary results of the endometrial and ovarian response to luteal phase norgestrel.

Luteal phase administration of dl-norgestrel, in doses of 10 mg to two groups of women with ovulatory cycles, did not significantly affect the length of the menstrual cycles, the duration of menses, or the endometrium whether given on a 5-consecutive day (group A) or 5-alternate day schedule (group B). Serum progesterone levels decreased in 9 of 11 patients in group A from a pretreatment level of 1431 ng/100 ml to 568 ng/100 ml and then to 419 ng/100 ml for the first and third treatment cycles, respectively; corresponding values for group B were 1149 ng/100 ml, 237 ng/100 ml, and less than 100 ng/100 ml, respectively. No adverse reactions were noted in any of the subjects; Papanicolaou smears remained class I, blood chemistry values showed no significant changes from pretreatment values, and no pregnancies occurred during treatment.

Endometrium↗
PubMed1976

Bismuth encephalopathy.

Bismuth encephalopathy, characterized by the constant association of acute confusion, myoclonus, severe ataxia and dysarthia has reached "epidemic" proportion since its first description in 1974. The clinical aspects the pathogenic hypothesis, the diagnostic criteria as well as the report of a typical case are described by the authors, who stress the similarities with encephalopathies induced by other metals.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of parietal cells before and after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

In order to examine whether the reduced acid secretion observed after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) is accompanied by intracellular changes in parietal cells, the ultrastructure of parietal cells before and after PGV has been studied in four duodenal ulcer patients. A stereological analysis of electron micrographs shows that after PGV there is a reduction in the volume density of microvilli and the surface density of canalicular membranes. Ten days after PGV there is a temporary increase in the surface density of tubulovesicular membranes. However, 3 months after the operation most of this membrane material has been removed so that the surface density of tubulovesicles at this late stage is only insignificantly higher than before the operation. The relative volume of dense bodies is more than doubled 3 months after PGV, and the observed removal of tubulo-vesicular membranes between the 10 days and the 3 months stage may therefore be due to lysosomal activity.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

A secretory and histological study of the stomach before and after truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in duodenal ulcer patients.

In 10 patients with duodenal ulcer gastric secretion was studied after graded doses of pentagastrin before and 3 months after truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty. In 6 patients carbacholine was also infused simultaneously with the greatest dose of pentagastrin after vagotomy. The histology of the gastric mucosa was studied in suction biopsies obtained from the corpus of the stomach before and 3 months after the operation. After truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty the maximal pentagastrin-stimulated acid and pepsin secretion and the sensitivity of the parietal cells to pentagastrin were all reduced significantly. There was no significant increase in maximal pentagastrin-stimulated acid and pepsin secretion when carbacholine was added to pentagastrin. The average thickness of the gastric mucosa and the mean number of parietal cells per unit area of the stomach did not show any significant change, while the number of patients with deep gastritis increased significantly after vagotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Altered pancreatic function after proximal gastric vagotomy in man.

The secretion of bicarbonate into the duodenum in response to stepwise increasing doses of secretin (0.078, 0.23, 0.7, and 2.1 U/kg-hr) was investigated in 11 duodenal ulcer patients before and about 1 1/2 years after proximal gastric vagotomy. After the vagotomy the mean output of bicarbonate in response to the two lowest doses of secretin increased from 2.2 to 3.7 mmoles per 30 min im response to 0.078 U/kg-hr and from 6.6 to 9.8 mmoles per 30 min in response to 0.23 U/kg-hr. On the other hand, the output of bicarbonate in response to the highest dose of secretin decreased from 20.3 mmoles per 30 min before to 16.5 mmoles per 30 min after the vagotomy. The dose of secretin required for half-maximal stimulation decreased from 0.7 to 0.3 U/kg-hr. The calculated maximal bicarbonate response decreased from 27.8 to 17.7 mmoles per 30 min. Thus, increased sensitivity of the bicarbonate-producing cells to low doses of secretin and decreased bicarbonate secretory capacity of the pancreas after proximal gastric vagotomy were found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effect of urecholine and carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients;.

Six months after proximal gastric vagotomy gastric secretion was examined after infusion of pentagastrin, 15 mug/kg/hr, alone and in combination with urecholine, 60 mug/kg/hr, or carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr. There were no significant differences between mean acid outputs after the three types of stimulation. Pepsin outputs were significantly higher after pentagastrin plus carbacholine and pentagastrin plus urecholine than after pentagastrin alone. Urecholine and carbacholine increased pepsin secretion to a similar degree. Volume of gastric juice was significantly higher after simultaneous infusion of pentagastrin and urecholine than after pentagastrin alone or pentagastrin plus carbacholine.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Decrease in gastric secretion during the first three months after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

Gastric secretion was stimulated by intravenous infusion of 15 mug/kg/hr of pentagastrin before and 10 and 90 days after proximal gastric vagotomy in 16 duodenal ulcer patients. Postoperatively 15 ug/kg/hr of pentagastrin was also given in combination with 2 mug/kg/hr of carbacholine. Mean acid output in response to pentagastrin alone was reduced by 48 and 64 per cent at 10 and 90 days after the vagotomy, respectively. Mean pentagastrin-stimulated acid output and volume of gastric juice was significantly higher at 10 days than at 90 days after the operation. Mean pepsin output decreased also, but the decrease was not statistically significant. There was no significant effect of carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated acid output either at 10 or 90 days. Carbacholine increased pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice significantly at 10 but not 90 days postoperatively. The effect of carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated pepsin output was significant both 10 and 90 days after the vagotomy. Pepsin output in response to pentagastrin plus carbacholine 10 days after the operation was not significantly different from preoperative values. At 10 days postoperatively the increase in pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice by carbacholine was significantly greater than at 90 days. The corresponding differences of acid and pepsin outputs were not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Gastric secretory response to graded doses of pentagastrin alone or in combination with carbacholine in unoperated duodenal ulcer patients.

Dose-response studies of pentagastrin-stimulated secretion were performed in 6 unoperated duodenal ulcer patients. On different days pentagastrin was given in doses of 0.15, 1.5, and 15 mug/kg/hr, either alone or in combination with carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr. There were no significant differences between mean acid or pepsin outputs or mean volumes of gastric juice after infusion of pentagastrin alone or pentagastrin plus carbacholine at any dose step of pentagastrin. The dose of pentagastrin required to elicit half maximal acid output (Km) and the calculated maximal acid output (Vmax) were the same for pentagastrin alone and pentgastrin plus carbacholine. Thus, carbacholine did not increase the sensitivity of the parietal cells to pentagastrin in the unoperated duodenal ulcer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A histological study of gastric mucosa before and after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

In 29 patients with duodenal ulcer, suction biopsies were obtained from the body of the stomach within 2 weeks before and 3 and 12 months after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV). Only those with a negative insulin test were included in the study. Three months after PGV basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion was reduced by 82 and 64 percent of preoperative values, respectively. Twelve months after the operation the corresponding figures were 63 and 56 percent. There was a similar acid reduction in patients with or without gastritis. The number of patients with atrophic gastritis increased from 3 before the operation to 11 3 months after PGV (p smaller than 0.01). There was no further increase from 3 to 12 months postoperatively. The average thickness of gastric mucosa and the mean number of parietal cells per unit area before PGV did not show any significant change 3 months and 1 year after the operation. There was a significant correlation between the number of parietal cells per unit area and maximal acid output before (p smaller than0.01) but not after PGV. Acid output per parietal cell was higher before PGV, suggesting that the decrease in gastric secretion after PGV cannot be attributed to the development of gastritis or reduction of parietal cell number.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Further study of d-norgestrel for fertility control.

In a continuing oral contraceptive study of d-norgestrel, the 1,0-mg dose--the dose previously found to give the best cycle control--was administered cyclically on a "21-7 day" schedule to 284 women during 2650 cycles. None of the women conceived, and cycle control, though often altered, was generally acceptable. Side effects were minimal, and laboratory determinations performed prior to and during the administration of this agent revealed no clinically significant changes.

Adolescent↗