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Biomedical subjects

M Robert

Publications and source records attributed to M Robert.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A follow-along study of participants in a longitudinal transition program for youths with mild disabilities.

Descriptive data are presented on the employment patterns of youths with mild disabilities who participated in a transition program with an intensive postsecondary component. Data on employment rates, positive and negative job changes, participation in continuing education, and access to benefit packages are reported for 94 youths who participated in the program over a 4-year period. Program participants had favorable outcomes when compared with a national sample, but they stabilized at an entry level of work participation. Their rates of entry into postsecondary education were also greater than the national sample, but advances were nominal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Cancer of the testis after Hodgkin's disease. Apropos of 2 cases].

We report about two cases of cancer of the testis occurring 2 and 7 years after Hodgkin's disease treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy. From an etiopathogenic point of view, this association may, of course, be accidental, but it may also have an iatrogenic origin or be caused by contiguous carcinogenesis, or even by an immune deficiency. In addition to orchidectomy, the therapeutic history of these patients requires an adaptation of the treatment of their tumors of the testes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripsy in children: first results and reflections after 18 sessions].

From 1988 to 1990, we treated 13 children between the ages of 2 and 15 years with stones of the upper urinary tract. These stones were treated by means of 18 sessions of piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripsy: 14 under general anaesthesia and 4 without even any analgesia. We obtained an 84.5% success rate with no particular adverse effects. These results are similar to those reported for hydroelectric or electromagnetic shock wave lithotripsy, which are associated with a higher morbidity. The efficacy of extracorporeal lithotripsy in paediatrics is remarkable, but clinical studies in adults as well as animal experimentations have demonstrated severe renal contusion and do not formally exclude the possibility of delayed complications. At the present time, this technique should therefore be used very cautiously and must be accompanied by systematic prevention of recurrent stones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Endo-urologic treatment of ureteral fistulas occurring after pelvic surgery for carcinoma: report of 5 cases].

The authors report 5 cases of ureteric fistula after radical pelvic cancer surgery. Three patients had a recurrent tumour and 3 had received radiotherapy. Endourological methods achieved 4 immediately satisfactory results, but only one complete long-term success. Isolated percutaneous drainage of the pyelocaliceal cavities effectively dried up the urine leak, but carried a high risk of secondary stenosis of the excretory tract in the absence of concomitant intubation of the fistula zone. However, endourological treatment, combined with urinary diversion and catheterisation of the pathological ureter, represented a reliable alternative to conventional surgery.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava].

The authors report a case of leiomyosarcoma of the infrarenal inferior vena cava presenting as an abdominal mass. CT and MR imaging and immunotyping led to the diagnosis of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma whose origin in the inferior vena cava was only confirmed by histological examination of the resection specimen. Surgical resection was followed by radiotherapy (4,500 rads) with a favourable course after 12 months. The progress in medical imaging and histology has considerably simplified the diagnosis of these rare retroperitoneal tumours. In the absence of any truly effective adjuvant therapy, treatment essentially consists of surgery and the clinical course is characterised by a high incidence of local recurrences.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Abdominal contusions in children. Diagnosis and treatment of renal lesions. Apropos of 26 cases].

During the past ten years, we have treated 26 children with closed renal injuries. Hematuria appeared in 19 cases, but was not detected in 7 other cases, 6 of which corresponded to severe, especially pedicular, lesions. The diagnostic means for the lesion included IVP in 24 cases, ultrasonography in 23, angiography in 8 and computed tomography in 7. The treatment was medical for 18 children and surgical for 8. Observation revealed 4 cases of renal atrophy, including 1 of general atrophy without residual arterial hypertension. On the basis of this series and of a review of the literature, we study the evolution of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition with the development of new medical imaging techniques, especially of CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Abdominal injuries in children. Diagnosis and treatment of renal lesions. Apropos of 26 cases].

During the past ten years, we have treated 26 children with closed renal injuries. Hematuria appeared in 19 cases, but was not detected in 7 other cases, 6 of which corresponded to severe, especially pedicular, lesions. The diagnostic means for the lesion included IVP in 24 cases, ultrasonography in 23, angiography in 8 and computed tomography in 7. The treatment was medical for 18 children and surgical for 8. Observation revealed 4 cases of renal atrophy, including 1 of general atrophy without residual arterial hypertension. On the basis of this series and of a review of the literature, we study the evolution of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition with the development of new medical imaging techniques, especially of CT.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1991

[Urination control during sleep].

The authors present their approach to the sleep factor in children with enuresis, based on a still on-going exploration of manometric changes in bladder activity. Twenty patients have already been examined by cystomanometry in day time and polygraphic sleep recording at night, combined with continuous measurement of bladder pressure. This method derives from the studies of Gastaut and Broughton, in 1963, but takes into account the concept of bladder immaturity. The patients studied fell into two homogeneous groups, depending on whether enuresis was obviously due to bladder immaturity (Group I) or was strictly isolated (Group II). No disorder of sleep organization has been found in none of these two groups, but both had apparently nonspecific irritant factors. The enuresis episode is described. It tends to occur frequently at the beginning of the night, is prepared by an increase in bladder pressure which is always very pronounced in Group I subjects, and is associated with insufficient awakening reaction due to an apparently exceedingly high awakening threshold. The physiopathological and therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Gonadotropic pituitary adenoma and pregnancy. Value of bromocriptine].

The authors report a case of pituitary adenoma with positive immunospecific staining for beta-FSH and serum alpha subunit. The tumour was revealed by an amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome with hyperprolactinaemia and without increase in serum gonadotrophin values. Pregnancy occurred during bromocriptine treatment which made it possible to control an hemianopsia developed in the fourth month of gestation. The adenoma was successfully removed a few months later.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

R-bodies in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 44T1.

For the first time R-bodies are described in a new strain 44T1 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its size was measured as being 0.22 to 0.37 microns of width per 0.27 to 0.41 microns of length and 5 to 9 spiral turns about 16 nm. These structures are similar to previously observed in bacteria and are related with physiological state of bacteria in minimal conditions of growth.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1991

[Parental knowledge about their asthmatic children].

A questionnaire was administered to parents of 171 asthmatic children, and their knowledge of asthma was evaluated using a quantitative score. The mean age of children was 5 yr and the mean duration of their asthma was 3 yr. Each sign of the classical triad "noisy breathing, cough, indrawing" was mentioned by two-thirds of parents. Inhaled agents perceived as triggers of asthma were: animal hair (73.7%), dust (69.6%), pollen (60.2%), tobacco (44.4%), molds (14.6%). Other triggering agents mentioned were: stress (51.5%), infections (38%), exercise (13.5%). Mothers with college or university education knew more clinical signs of an attack (P less than 0.01) and more triggering factors (P less than 0.005). Parents satisfied with previous teaching knew more threatening signs of an attack (P less than 0.01). About 80% of those that used theophylline and 49.4% of those that used inhaled beta-2-agonists knew the correct mode of administration. Parents satisfied with previous teaching had better knowledge of the side-effects of theophylline (P less than 0.005) and beta-2-agonists (P less than 0.02). 58.5% of those that used cromolyn sodium did not know the mean duration of a therapeutic trial and 15% did not use it as prophylaxis. 57.1% of those that used oral corticosteroids did not know any side-effects of the drug. About half of the parents indicated that they would like to receive more information about the causes and the appropriate treatment of asthma. It was concluded that parental teaching should focus more on environmental and therapeutic issues.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

[Antihypertensive treatment of silent myocardial ischemia in hypertensives without coronary heart disease].

To evaluate clinically silent S-T segment depression in hypertensives with normal coronary arteriograms, 48-hour ECG recordings of S-T segments were analysed in 25 patients (15 men, 10 women; mean age 57 +/- 9.2 years) before starting antihypertensive drug therapy. Ischaemic episodes were recorded in 14 patients, ten of whom had an abnormal exercise ECG and 13 had hypertensive fundus changes. After antihypertensive drug therapy had been given for 2-3 weeks (pre-treatment blood pressure systolic 174 +/- 8.5, diastolic 90 +/- 5.4 mm Hg; post-treatment 132 +/- 12.9/77 +/- 8.3 mm Hg) the number of ischaemic episodes per 48 hours fell significantly from 219 to 113 (P less than 0.05), the median of ischaemic episodes decreased from 16 to 5 per 48 hours (P less than 0.05), and the median of maximal S-T segment analysis of long-term ECG monitoring is a suitable method for demonstrating silent ischaemia in hypertensives, and danger of ischaemic attacks in hypertensives is reduced by effective antihypertensive drug treatment.

Aged↗