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Biomedical subjects

M Price

Publications and source records attributed to M Price.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Urine lactic dehydrogenase--an aid in the management of patients with spinal cord injury.

Urine lactic dehydrogenase (LD) and urinary LD isoenzyme determinations were performed for 59 adult afebrile patients with spinal cord lesions. Twenty-eight were found to have a predominance of LD 1 and 2. Thirteen had positive urine cultures and 12 also had positive antibody coated bacteria (ACB). Twenty were found to have a predominance of LD 4 and 5, with a mean total urine LD activity of 175.7 mU/ml. Sixteen of this group had positive urine cultures and 12 also ACB positive. Eleven had no demonstrable LD isoenzyme with a mean total urine LD activity of 17.5 mU/ml. Eight had positive urine cultures and four were also ACB positive. Forty-six normal controls had a mean LD activity of 15.1 mU/ml. In the study population changes in U-LD occurred in the absence of bacteriuria most frequently in patients who were appliance-free or used catheterization. In the absence of bacteriuria bladder overdistention may contribute to changes in LD isoenzyme patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Preliminary characterization of ribosomes of Entamoeba invadens.

The ribosomes of Entamoeba invadens trophozoites have sedimentation coefficients of 77, 53 and 36 S. Most of the ribosomal proteins are basic and their one- and two-dimensional electrophoretic patterns differ from the corresponding patterns of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two dozen bands were observed in the 10 000 to 100 000 molecular weight range following sodium dodecylsulfate-gel electrophoresis of amoebal ribosomal proteins. Long, thin pronase-sensitive structures were seen in electron micrographs of E. invadens ribosomal preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Abnormal Na+,K+ cotransport function in a group of patients with essential hypertension.

In 50 normotensive controls, the increase in erythrocyte Na+ concentration up to 12.4 +/- 2.0 mmol/l cells (mean +/- SD) ensures half-maximal stimulation of outward Na+,K+ cotransport fluxes. Forty-six out of sixty-five patients with essential hypertension required more than 16 mmol/l cells of internal Na+ concentration to obtain a similar effect, strongly suggesting an abnormal cotransport function. Seven out of fourteen hypertensive patients with normal Na,K cotransport function showed Na+,Li+ countertransport fluxes higher than the normal upper limit of 220 mumol (1 cells h)-1. Conversely, countertransport fluxes were normal in fourteen hypertensives with abnormal cotransport function. The above results indicate that the total population of patients with essential hypertension is heterogeneous and includes one subgroup of subjects with abnormal Na+,K+ cotransport function, and another with increased Na+,Li+ countertransport fluxes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Urinary tract care: improvement through patient education.

The purpose of this study was to determine if a special program of patient and family education in urinary tract care would result in improved control of urinary tract infection (UTI) by spinal cord injury patients at home. The Williamson Functional Impairment Scale, modified to measure outcomes of impairment due to UTI, was applied to 54 patients in 1975 and to 21 in 1979. Patients in the latter group had completed a special urinary tract care education program of classes, reading material, written examinations, and demonstrations of acquired skills. At follow-up, only 32% of the patients in the 1975 group were asymptomatic of UTI, compared with 71% of the 1979 group. Only 5% of the patients in the 1979 group lost time from their usual daily activities, compared with 23% of the 1975 group. The improvements in impairment outcomes were not related to a reduction in the incidence of confirmed or suspected UTI (found in 63% of patients in the 1975 group and 62% of patients in the 1979 group). It is concluded that the 1979 group recognized symptoms earlier and took definitive action which resulted in less impairment and time lost due to UTI. The patient education program did result in improved urinary tract care after discharge.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1982

Role of extracellular Na and K in lymphocyte activation.

The transmembrane electrical potential has been measured across human peripheral blood lymphocytes under culture conditions using equilibrium distributions of the lipophilic cation 3H-tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP). The TPP equilibrates to a steady-state level that gives calculated voltages of -80 mV for unstimulated lymphocytes. This value of the potential is constant during the first few hours of succinyl concanavalin A stimulation. When the transmembrane electrical potential is lowered by isotonic replacement of Na with K, this neither by itself stimulates proliferation nor does it inhibit mitogen-stimulated proliferation. Lymphocytes with similar membrane potentials, such as those incubated in normal-Na MEM and low-Na-mannitol MEM, exhibit drastically different proliferative responses to mitogen stimulation (Deutsch et al., 1981). These results show that isotonic replacement of K for Na prevents low Na inhibition of DNA synthesis and that at least during the first 2.5 hours of lymphocyte activation transmembrane electrical potential per se does not play a significant role in the activation process.

Extracellular Space↗
PubMed1982

Survival from spinal cord injury.

Mean survival of 110.5 months (9 yr. 2.5 months) for spinal cord-injured persons who died between 1963 to 1976 compared favorable with the figure of 52.8 months (4 yr, 4.8 months) calculated in 1955 by Dietrick and Russi [1]. If suicides were not considered, then mean longevity for the deceased patients would be 126 months (10 yr, 6 months). The leading causes of death were related to the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, suicide and the urinary tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Non-immunogenicity of enucleated rat hepatoma cells in syngeneic animals.

Cytoplasts and karyoplasts were obtained by ultracentrifugation of Hepatoma D23 cells on a Ficoll gradient containing cytochalasin B. Their nuclear and protein content and their metabolic activity were determined. Three i.p. injections of 2.3 x 10(7) cytoplasts were unable to protect syngeneic WAB/Not rats against an s.c. challenge of 10(4) D23 cells, whereas a similar amount of karyoplasts, or 3 injections of 10(6) irradiated D23 cells, were fully protective. Ability of cytoplasts to act as primary or secondary immunogen were also studied, and compared to that of 0.01% glutaraldehyde-treated cells, 43 degrees C heat-treated cells and 3M KCl-soluble extracts, these preparations also being of weak immunogenicity. Only heat-treated cells behaved as a primary immunogen, whereas none of the preparations provided a secondary stimulation. Moreover, when these preparations were fed in vitro to peritoneal-exudate cells before their injection into rats, cytoplasts and glutaraldehyde-treated cells showed no immunogenicity, whereas heat-treated cells induced full protection against tumour challenge. Therefore, in this tumour model, the in vivo persistence of immunogen and the presence of a nucleus are likely to be crucial in inducing transplantation resistance to tumour.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of delayed hypersensitivity reaction in skin (DNCB test) by 8-methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy. Possible basis for pseudo-promoting action in skin carcinogenesis?

Fifty-five of a hundred and two subjects undergoing photochemotherapy with 8-methoxypsoralen and near ultraviolet showed an abnormally low or undetectable delayed cellular hypersensitivity reaction in the skin as judged by the dinitrochlorobenzene test. It is suggested that photochemotherapy may act as a pseudo-promotor by blocking an immunologically based control process in the skin so allowing the relatively rapid appearance of squamous skin tumours, documented elsewhere, in individuals whose skin already contains a population of potentially tumorous cells. Immune surveillance of a kind may thus operate in human skin. Impairment of delayed cellular hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene was more likely to occur with more intensive treatments and in patients with less skin pigmentation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord lesions: antibody-coated bacteria tests as a diagnostic aid.

Urine cultures and antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) tests were performed on urine specimens from 176 spinal cord injured patients at the time of annual renal function follow-up. Sixty-nine percent of the cultures were positive; and of these, 55% were positive for ACB. The highest incidence of positive ACB tests occurred in the specimens from patients with external catheters (67%), ileal diversions (63%) and suprapublic catheters (60%). The organisms which occurred most frequently as a single isolate were Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 54% of the E coli and 57% of the P aeruginosa were antibody coated. Proteus rettgeri was recovered less frequently as a single isolate but in these instances the ACB test was always positive. X-ray studies showed that 28% of patients with positive ACB tests had upper tract changes. Thirty-eight patients with positive ACB tests received treatment. After treatment, follow-up cultures from 26 (69%) of these patients showed no growth or a negative ACB test. Patients with roentgenographically abnormal tracts and positive ACB tests were found to be more resistant to treatment. Although additional studies are needed, this test at present can aid clinicians in management of urinary tract infection in spinal cord injured patients.

Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test, Urinary↗
PubMed1979

Intermediate filaments connect z-discs in adult chicken muscle.

When adult chicken skeletal myofibrils are treated with a myosin-extracting solution, the Z-discs with attached actin filaments retain their linear connections with one another in the extracted myofibril. The sarcomere length increases in the extracted myofibrils from a control lenght of 2.5 micrometer up to 6 micrometer. In a sarcomere, eight to fifty 10 nm filaments can be seen in parallel array in the H-zone. The 10 nm-wide filaments do not bind heavy meromyosin and are two to four micrometers in length. These intermediate filaments are postulated to be an integral part of the sarcomere, connecting Z-bands along the length of the myofibril.

Actins↗