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Biomedical subjects

M Petit

Publications and source records attributed to M Petit.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Distribution of expenses (personnel, consumption, procedures) in a pediatric unit in a university hospital center].

A study has been undertaken in a unit of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition. The unit also deals with general pediatric emergencies. The purpose of this study was to calculate the cost of hospitalization and the distribution of the cost between the different components: personnel expenses (medical and non-medical staff), cost of products used (enteral and parenteral nutrition included), cost of medicotechnical intervention. The study was carried out over a period of 28 days and included 117 hospitalized children. Only the expenses directly linked to the patient's care were taken into account. The exact time spent with each patient by every category of staff, the quantity of products and the treatment given had to be carefully recorded. The results reveal the share of the cost which goes to non-medical staff (about 60%), except when pathological cases need frequent and detailed investigations. Once the budget has been determined, department heads are required to play administrative role and this study underlines the process of cost build-up and thus enables a selective intervention in one sector or another of hospital expenses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Myocardial bridges. Incidence and relation to some certain coronary variables].

72 human hearts from necropsies of subjects with an age range from 27 to 83 years have been examined by dissection. The aim of this study was to know the percentage of myocardial bridges (intramural coronary arteries) and to compare with other studies carried on this subject, using the same or different techniques. Myocardial bridges were observed in 25% of cases. The main localization was the middle third of the anterior interventricular artery. The principal characteristics of the myocardial bridges were: The length, from 4 mm to 25 mm, and the thickness, from 0.3 mm to 1.7 mm. Chi-square test have been made in order to verify the relation between the coronary arterial preponderance and the incidence of myocardial bridges, showing the absence of statistical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Biochemical factors of resistance to antidepressants].

This review of the literature concerning the biochemical factors of resistance to antidepressants is essentially based on the anomalies of neurotransmitters and the enzymes which regulate them. In the case of 5HIAA, because of the bimodal distribution in depressed patients, it appears to be generally accepted that when a low level of this catabolite is found in the cerebrospinal fluid, this may represent a factor of resistance to noradrenergic antidepressants, or even to all antidepressants. In contrast, a high level of this catabolite represents a factor of poor response to serotoninergic antidepressants. Low levels of urinary MHPG predict a poor response to serotoninergic antidepressants, while high levels are observed in cases of depression resistant to noradrenergic antidepressants. MAO activity, evaluated after two weeks' treatment with MAOI, is considered to be a biochemical factor of resistance when it is inhibited by less than 80%. High levels of COMT (related to the degree of anxiety and agitation) reflect a poor response to noradrenergic antidepressants. Finally, a number of strategies designed to control resistant depression (reserpine, lithium carbonate, ...) could, in certain cases, suggest the existence of a functional defect in the serotoninergic systems.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1984

[The contribution of ultrastructural analysis to the diagnosis of bronchoalveolar cancers].

The authors discuss comprehensive observations on three cases of broncho-alveolar cell carcinoma covering different anatomo-clinical aspects. The first case was diffuse and characterised radiologically by soft nodular shadows bilaterally, the second had lobar opacities and in the third the tumour was locally limited. Histological study showed two cellular types, in variable proportion according to the case, namely 1. mucus cells and 2. cells containing rounded osmiophilic secretory granules, identified on ultra-structure as Clara cells. In the diffuse form mucus cells predominated. They were absent in the third case where the tumour consisted solely of Clara cells. Thus, the Clara cell seemed to be the characteristic cell of alveolar cell carcinoma. Alveolar cell carcinoma can be diagnosed today by fibre-optic bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy and it is fundamental to arrive at a precise cellular diagnosis, which can only be achieved by ultra-structural studies.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1984

[Controlled study of the disinhibiting effect of low doses of sulpiride in severe schizophrenic psychoses].

This controlled study is designed to confirm the clinical impression concerning the dual therapeutic effect of sulpiride (disinhibitory effect at low doses and activity reducer at higher doses). When describing either 150 mg or 1,200 mg of sulpiride for hebephrenic patients, it seems that the benefits only occur in the patients prescribed the smaller dose. The correlation between dosage-plasma level-and beneficial result, is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Does correction of reflux delay the development of renal insufficiency?].

Eighty patients have consulted for vesico-ureteric reflux over the past ten years, and the majority of them underwent surgery. Of these surgical patients, six presented with mild or acute renal failure. After a temporary aggravation of the renal failure, the antireflux procedure led to a prolonged stabilization of the renal function by eliminating the occurrence of acute recurrent pyelonephritis. Antireflux surgery would therefore seem justified and beneficial even in cases of renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

[Semeiology of anxiety].

The difference of concept between somatic anxiety (" angoisse ") and psychic anxiety (" anxi été") as it was considered by authors in the past, has now fallen into disuse. However, it is worth considering this difference on the basis of the recent data relative to the selective effect that certain antidepressant drugs may have on panic attacks, while they have no effect on the basic anxiety. Consequently, a new nosography could then be considered in function of several factors: the reaction to imipramine, the preponderance in the disorders of their acuity and of the somatic impact, the spontaneous appearance of these same disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

FSH and LH variations in beef cows during the postpartum period.

To study the plasma gonadotrophin profiles of 9 cows after parturition, blood samples were obtained every 20 min for 12 hrs on three occasions between 5 and 50 days postpartum and analysed by RIA techniques. The time of the first ovulation, as judged by plasma progesterone levels, varied from 30 to more than 60 days postpartum. Variations in mean levels of FSH and LH were not significantly correlated with the postpartum interval. However, the mean levels of plasma FSH and number of LH pulses were lower in females which had not ovulated than in those which had. The cows could be classified into four groups: group 1 with less than 4 LH pulses in 12 hrs and a mean plasma FSH level less than 138 ng/ml; group 2 with more than 4 LH pulses in 12 hrs and varying plasma FSH levels; group 3 with less than 4 LH pulses in 12 hrs and a mean plasma FSH level greater than 138 ng/ml; group 4 which had ovulated. This classification indicated that the LH and FSH levels progressed significantly (2.46 to 3.56 ng/ml, P less than 0.05; 120 to 159 ng/ml, P less than 0.01, respectively) from groups 1 to 3, and that they decreased in the females which had ovulated (group 4). Since the time of the first ovulation after parturition varied, it was not possible to demonstrate any relationship between that interval and the mean plasma gonadotrophin profiles. However, when ovulation was considered as time zero there was a clear increase in plasma gonadotrophin before ovulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Antidepressant drugs and anxiety (author's transl)].

As regards the most significant studies interesting the intricate relationship between antidepressant drugs and anxiety, the authors reconsider the usual links: 1) stimulating and anxiogenic effects, 2) sedative and anxiolytic effects. It appears that these effects can vary, linked together or not, and are as much dependent on the kind of antidepressant drugs as on the pathological state considered; however this last parameter seems to be predominant.

Antidepressive Agents↗