Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Pavlovic.
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Hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia after renal transplantation in an 18-year-old patient is described. Serum magnesium decreased in consequence of increased renal transplant function with high urinary magnesium excretion. At the time of serum magnesium depletion, pretransplantation hypocalcemia persisted and severe hypophosphatemia developed. Magnesium oxide treatment was followed by the increment not only in serum magnesium but also in serum calcium and phosphate to normal level. Causal relationship between magnesium deficit and impaired renal transplant tubular reabsorption of magnesium and between magnesium deficit and serum calcium and phosphate depletion in the patient is suggested.
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A variety of normal human tissues have been reported to harbor small cell populations carrying potentially oncogenic gene rearrangements. This backdrop of mutant cells may be present in the majority of healthy individuals and is apparently weakly selected against. This may provide empirical support for the concept of global neutrality, or near-neutrality (very weak selection), of many somatic mutations. Many healthy individuals, as well as patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, manifest the BCR-ABL fusion gene in blood cells. The presumed neutrality of the BCR-ABL rearrangement-carrying pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells and the relative uniformity of the incidence rate of CML worldwide were used to estimate the extent of the background of BCR-ABL-positive stem cells and the numerical size of the human pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell pool. Three different approaches (molecular-epidemiological, statistical, and population genetical) were employed. Each resulted in very similar estimates of the size of the stem cells carrying the BCR-ABL allele fusions (1.4 x 10(4) cells) and the size of the total human stem cell pool (1.6 x 10(9) cells per individual). The implication of these estimates in the context of the hierarchical nature of the stem cell pool is also considered. The presumptive smaller-sized population of CD34(-) stem cells could not be characterized by any of the approaches used as a "founding" population, representing an ultimate source of all hematopoietic progenitors, or as a subset of stem cells comprising a deeper "kinetic" segment of the total (10(9)-sized) stem cell compartment.
AIM: To analyse mortality trends of malignant digestive tract tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Population of Belgrade (Yugoslavia) in the period 1975-1997. Mortality rates were standardized by direct method using world population as the standard. For time series, exponential trends were calculated by the use of three-year moving average rates. RESULTS: In males, the highest mortality rate was for stomach cancer: 14. 6 per 100,000 (average for the period 1975-1997), followed by cancer of liver and cancer of colon: 8.4/100,000, cancer of rectum: 8.1/100,000, cancer of pancreas: 7.3/100,000, oesophageal cancer: 2.8/100,000 and gallbladder cancer: 2.0/100,000. In males, upward mortality trends for carcinomas of colon, rectum, pancreas, oesophagus, gallbladder and bile ducts were observed. The mortality rates series for stomach cancer and liver cancer did not fit any usual trend function. In females, the highest mortality rate was also for stomach cancer 7.7 per 100,000, then for cancer of colon: 6.0/100,000, cancer of rectum: 5.3/100,000, cancer of liver: 4.4/100,000, cancer of pancreas: 4.4/100,000, gallbladder cancer 3.4/100,000 and oesophageal cancer: 0.8/100,000. In females, upward mortality trends were observed for colon and rectal cancer, cancer of pancreas, and gallbladder and bile duct cancer. Downward mortality trends were present for stomach cancer and liver cancer. Mortality rates series for oesophageal cancer did not fit any usual trend function. CONCLUSIONS: In the majority of digestive tracts cancers, an upward mortality trend was observed which is in keeping with the mortality trends of these malignant tumours in many other countries.