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Biomedical subjects

M Parent

Publications and source records attributed to M Parent.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Cellular kinetics of cerebral glioma: study of the proliferative activity using monoclonal antibody Ki 67. Apropos of 60 cases].

The monoclonal antibody Ki 67 is able to detect a nuclear antigen expressed by proliferating cells during the cellular cycle (phase G1, G2, S and M). It is used as a marker of the proliferative activity of 60 cerebral gliomas including 41 biopsied under stereotaxic conditions. The immunocytochemical study performed with the peroxidase antiperoxidase technique on crushed and smeared fresh tumors, permit to define a nuclear marking index for each tumor. The index Ki 67 is correlated with the degree of tumor malignancy. The maximum values are found in astrocytomas IV (20%) and malignant ependymomas (18%), with a mean index at 11% in the 25 high-grade gliomas and 1.7% in low-grade gliomas. The minimum values are observed in pilocytic astrocytomas and low-grade oligodendrogliomas. Marked variations of the index Ki 67 are found in homogeneous tumor classes regrouping tumors of identical nature and grade: grade IV astrocytomas (5 to 20%), grade III astrocytomas (8 to 18%). These marking differences reflect the heterogeneous nature of the proliferative activity of morphologically similar gliomas. The nuclear marking index with antibody Ki 67 complements the findings of the standard histological examination of cerebral gliomas. This is an additional diagnostic mean to evaluate the proliferative potential and the prognosis of these tumors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Obsessive-compulsive behavior and progressive supranuclear palsy].

A case of progressive supranuclear palsy characterized by a loss of self-activation and a compulsive behaviour of the obsessive type is reported. The pathological examination was remarkable for the intensity of pallidal lesions and their diffusion to both the external and internal segments. While the loss of self-activation seemed to result from a damaged cortico-subcortical circuit forming a limbic loop, the compulsive behaviour of the obsessive type may have resulted from the interruption of a frontal-caudal-pallidal-luysian circuit.

Globus Pallidus↗
PubMed1989

[Intravascular malignant lymphoma (malignant angioendotheliomatosis). Apropos of a case with histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies].

We report a new case of intravascular malignant lymphoma that arose in an 81-year-old woman. The most prominent symptoms were impressive dermatologic anomalies including painful, diffuse edema over which arborescent telengiectasic lesions could be seen. This clinical picture was associated with the presence, in deep skin biopsy specimens, of mononucleate tumor cells located within the lumen of dermal vessels. Complementary immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies confirmed that the intravascular tumor growth was lymphomatous in nature. Clinical manifestations of this disease are recalled, and histopathologic features as well as the characteristic location of this malignant lymphoma are analyzed and discussed. Thus, we agree with Félix [3] and Witschi [6] that the cords of cells that will give rise to the follicular cells surrounding the ovocytes originate only from the coelomic epithelium; the primary mesenchyma forms the cortical stroma, and this embryonic type tissue, characterized by enourmous physiologic plasticity, differentiates into endocrine tissue to form the inner theca. the mesonephros plays no part whatsoever in the formation of the ovary.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Lepromatous leprosy: clinical and electrophysiological arguments in favor of axonal multi-neuritis].

UNLABELLED: This work was undertaken because there were only few reports on neurological aspects on lepromatous leprosy. We studied 30 patients suffering from lepromatous leprosy who, at their first visit to the Institute had never been treated. The clinical examination included a quantitative evaluation of the neurological status following the method developed by Pearson. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities were measured: values of conduction velocity and distal amplitude were analysed and compared to those of a group of 22 healthy subjects. IN CONCLUSION: (a) There is a high frequency of clinical and especially electrophysiological neurological impairment. This impairment can be extremely precocious and may happen shortly after the first cutaneous signs. (b) Nervous impairment is diffuse, bilateral but not homogeneous. These are characteristics of mononeuritis multiplex. Impairement is predominantly sensitive and tactile sensibility is more involved than thermo-algic sensation. (c) The radial superficial nerve is the most frequently involved clinically and electrophysiologically. (d) The electrophysiological results, showing a normal or slightly reduced conduction velocity and a low amplitude of evoked potentiel are in favour of a predominantly axonal damage.

Axons↗
PubMed1988

MMPI subtypes for chronic phencyclidine (PCP) abusers.

The present study applied empirical clustering procedures to the MMPI protocols of 196 chronic phencyclidine (PCP) abusers. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups, and two methods of cluster analysis, the average linkage method and Ward's hierarchical procedure, were performed. Both cluster methods produced highly comparable results within each group, and the MMPI profiles found in each group were quite similar. Cluster analytic studies of other substance abuse populations are needed in order to replicate the MMPI profile types found in the present study. These investigations would lead to an empirical typology across various substance abuse populations that would depict developmental stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Paraneoplastic intestinal pseudo-obstruction as the presenting feature of small-cell lung cancer.

A previously healthy 50-year old man presented with acute small bowel obstruction. No etiology was found at laparotomy. Postoperatively, the patient remained symptomatic with nausea, vomiting and severe constipation. Gastroscopy revealed retained food in the stomach. Gastric emptying of solids and liquids was dramatically decreased at scintigraphy. The colon was dilated on X-ray study. Chest X-ray revealed a pneumopathy and a small-cell lung cancer was discovered at bronchoscopy. The patient died 5 months after onset. Histologic study of the gut showed widespread degeneration of the myenteric plexus with plasma cell infiltration, Schwann cell proliferation and a reduced number of neurons of which many were abnormal. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction can reveal a small-cell lung cancer; the mechanism of neuronal impairment leading to pseudo-obstruction remains unknown, but could be related to the pathophysiology of paraneoplastic syndromes.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1988

[Alzheimer's disease: study of the distribution of tau proteins constituting helical filament pairs in human central nervous tissue].

Tau proteins are the major components of Paired Helical Filaments (PHF) of Alzheimer's disease. Using the immunoblot technique and an antiserum against PHF, we have studied the distribution of Tau proteins in the different areas of normal human brains and Alzheimer brains. Tau proteins were clearly present in cortical grey matter but were difficult to detect in the white matter. In Alzheimer brains, we observed two differences: first, there is an important background due to the partial dissociation of the lesions containing Tau aggregates. Second, the profile of Tau proteins is modified, due to abnormal phosphorylation. Thus, Tau proteins are found in large amounts in the grey matter of the cortical areas and are not exclusively distributed in the axonal domain. The normal cortical distribution of Tau in the human brain correlates well with the distribution of histological lesions that contain PHF (neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques) in the Alzheimer cortex.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Alcophone].

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Alcoholism↗
PubMed1987

[Neuropathies and almitrine. 14 cases].

Previously reported cases of peripheral neuropathies occurring during almitrine therapy had only a few weeks follow-up after having stopped the drug. We have studied clinical and electrophysiological data 6 to 12 months after almitrine had been given up in 9 patients from a group of 14 whose epidemiologic, clinical, electrophysiological and pathological data had been registered. In 7 of them, without any chronic respiratory deficiency, almitrine was administered as almitrine bismésilate and raubasine, and in 7 others (6 with chronic respiratory deficiency) as almitrine bismesilate alone. In patients who had another possible cause of neuropathy, clinical disorders appeared after a lesser total quantity of almitrine (p less than 0.05). Clinical data were suggestive of sensory peripheral neuropathies of feet and lower third of legs. Electrophysiological data suggested distal axonopathy in spite of the absence of denervation: amplitudes of sensory potentials were reduced and nerve conduction velocities were moderately decreased. Biopsies revealed mild neurogenic atrophy of muscles and distal axonopathy. Clinical improvement was very slow and 6 to 12 months later, most of the patients still presented decreased vibration sense and ankle reflexes loss, but all of them were still improving. Amplitudes of sensory potentials and sensory nerve conduction velocities were significantly improved (p less than 0.05) but motor nerve conduction velocities were not (p greater than 0.05). Our study shows: 1) clinical, electrophysiological and pathological data similar to those previously reported; 2) subclinical disturbances of motor functions in lower limbs and sensory functions in upper limbs; 3) some patients presented with unusual signs: posture tremor (3 cases), painful legs and moving toes (1 case); 4) peripheral neuropathies may occur during almitrine therapy even in patients without any chronic respiratory insufficiency; 5) peripheral neuropathies occurred with lower doses in patients with other factors predisposing to neuropathies; 6) patients' improvement was very slow; 7) in 9 cases the imputability of these peripheral neuropathies to almitrine is plausible. We suggest not to prescribe almitrine without caution, especially in patients with other factors of neuropathy. Treatment should be regularly interrupted.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Current aspects of osteoarticular pathology in patients undergoing hemodialysis: study of 80 patients. Part 2. Laboratory and pathologic analysis. Discussion of the pathogenic mechanism.

Clinical and radiological analysis of a population of 80 patients undergoing hemodialysis showed a high incidence of joint symptoms and radiological abnormalities which could not with certainty be attributed to renal osteodystrophy (Part 1). In this same population, laboratory and pathologic studies were performed. Blood chemistry proved abnormal in most cases (fibrinogen, aluminum, beta 2 microglobulin). Histopathologic studies (bone or synovial) were performed in 20 samples. Amyloid deposits were found in 8 samples, and crystal deposits in 3. We consider the idea that amyloid may be responsible for the observed lesions to be an interesting possibility. A better understanding of the behavior of different dialysis membranes may clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease.

Adult↗