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Biomedical subjects

M Okuno

Publications and source records attributed to M Okuno.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A high risk group of hepatocellular carcinoma in man, with special reference to its clinical significance for the screening of early liver cancer. Gifu Study Group for Early Liver Cancer].

A high risk group of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was statistically established using multiple regression analysis of 331 cases with liver cirrhosis (LC), in which 78 cases later developed HCC. Highly contributing factors to hepatocarcinogenesis were found to be positive HBsAg, age, drinking history, sex (male), history of blood transfusion, history of acute hepatitis (or jaundice) and elevated plasma levels of alpha-fetoprotein. A prospective study was initiated in April, 1985 employing another 122 LC patients to clinically evaluate the significance of the high risk group of HCC. 28 cases with small HCC (less than 3 cm in diameter) were newly found: 4 with chronic hepatitis and 24 with LC, among whom 22 developed from the high risk group (sensitivity 92%, specificity 44%). Three year survival rate of 28 cases thus found was 56%, and causes of death of 9 fatal patients were 4 cancer death, 4 hepatic failure and 1 gastrointestinal bleeding. In conclusion, the high risk group is valuable for the screening of early liver cancers, and treatments of hepatic failure as well as of HCC itself are important to improve the prognosis of HCC patients thus diagnosed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

[In vivo antitumor activity of mitoxantrone and the flow cytometric analysis of its influence on cell cycle transition--comparison with doxorubicin and aclarubicin on ascitic hepatoma AH109A cells].

Mitoxantrone was compared with doxorubicin and aclarubicin of its in vivo antitumor activity and influence on cell cycle transition by use of rat ascitic hepatoma AH109A. Antitumor activity determined by the cell growth curve was similar in mitoxantrone and doxorubicin, but the sensitivity of AH109A to aclarubicin was lower than that to the other two drugs. Doxorubicin and mitoxantrone showed all phase arrests with 1/10 of maximally tolerated dose (MTD), and with lower concentrations a strong arrest at G2 phase was observed, thus, mitoxantrone appeared to have a similar antitumor activity on AH109A to that of doxorubicin. Aclarubicin, with 1/10 MTD, demonstrated only a transient arrest at G2 phase, cells arrested at G2 phase entering into the next phase. With below 1/10 MTD, there was no appearance on histograms, and the influence on AH109A cell cycle transition by aclarubicin was considered to be little in comparison with doxorubicin and mitoxantrone.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1989

Changes in plasma active renin and prorenin after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.

Plasma active renin, total renin (active renin plus prorenin) and immunoreactive trypsin were measured simultaneously before and after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) in 9 subjects suspected of having pancreatic or biliary disease. After ERP, their plasma immunoreactive trypsin level increased significantly (p less than 0.02) from 12.4 +/- 1.5 to 163 +/- 57 ng/ml (means +/- SEM), while their plasma renin activity, total renin activity and ratio of active renin to total renin did not change. Individual values for the ratio of active renin to total renin correlated significantly (p less than 0.01) with those for immunoreactive trypsin in the basal condition (before ERP), but not after ERP. These results suggest that plasma trypsin is involved in activation of prorenin to active renin in the basal condition, and that ERP-induced increase in plasma trypsin has no effect on activation of prorenin.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental studies on the antitumor effect of progesterone and enhancement of the therapeutic effect of anticancer drugs by progesterone--from the aspect of zinc metabolism].

Since zinc is essential for the proliferation of tumor cells, the growth of tumor cells is suppressed in the zinc deficient condition. Thus, administration of progesterone, which decreases zinc uptake of tumor cells, to tumor bearing rats may inhibit the tumor growth. From this aspect, the antitumor effect of progesterone alone, or in combination with various anticancer drugs was investigated in the rats bearing Yoshida sarcoma (YS) or ascites hepatoma 109A (AH 109 A). In YS bearing rats, a significant inhibition of the tumor growth in size was observed by progesterone, and a slight inhibition of the tumor growth in AH 109 A bearing rats. A decreased zinc content of YS cells was also observed in YS bearing rats given progesterone in comparison with that of control rats. In combination of progesterone and anticancer drugs, the antitumor effect of methotrexate or vincristine was markedly enhanced by progesterone in YS bearing rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[An experimental study on subrenal capsule assay (SRCA)--problems for the use of immunosuppressive agents].

We studied whether or not cyclosporin A (CSA) has a usefulness in subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) with normal immunocompetent mice. Sixty mg/kg of CSA was given to BDF1 mice daily subcutaneously, and various dosages of adriamycin (ADR) was given intravenously on day 2. The body weight of BDF1 mice decreased over 20% within ten days when ADR was given at more than 5 mg/kg. MX-1, a human breast carcinoma line is known to be sensitive to ADR. This tumor was implanted subcutaneously in the back of BALB/c nu/nu mice and chemosensitivity was tested against ADR. ADR resulted to be positive at the dose of 8 mg/kg. On the contrary, the dose of 5 mg/kg proved to be negative, and hence the result of SRCA would be false negative, if the dose of ADR is reduced to avoid the toxicity of CSA. The tumor grew slowly when only 60 mg/kg of CSA was given daily for three weeks, and the inhibition rate was 56.2%. The toxicity of CSA was neglected because of the body weight loss was approximately 13%. CSA may have the antitumor effect by itself, and we therefore suggest that the CSA is not useful for SRCA.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA that encodes goat growth hormone.

The cDNA that encodes goat growth hormone (gGH) was isolated from a goat pituitary cDNA library. The cDNA, about 880 base pairs long, had a coding sequence, 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions and a poly(A) chain. The cDNA could encode a polypeptide of 217 amino acids. The amino acid sequence homology between gGH and the sequences of bovine GH, rat GH and human GH was 99, 83 and 66%, respectively. By Northern blot hybridization, we found that the possible gGH gene is transcribed in the goat pituitary.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Marked secretion of pyruvate in human duodenal juice stimulated with pancreozymin or secretin.

Pyruvate and lactate in duodenal aspirates were investigated to determine whether they are excreted from human pancreas as substrates for alkaline secretion as is bicarbonate. Secretion of these acids was compared with that of another organic acid, citrate, which is thought to be excreted in close relationship to digestive enzymes. All acids were assayed in the fluid obtained from 11 subjects without pancreatic diseases, before and after sequential intravenous injections of 1 unit/kg pancreozymin and 1 unit/kg secretin. Pyruvate concentrations were markedly increased by each stimulation, especially by secretin, and the cumulative excretions of pyruvate and bicarbonate after secretin stimulation were significantly correlated among the subjects. In contrast, lactate concentrations, although high just after administration of pancreozymin, declined to a considerable extent following each injection, rather similar to those of protein or citrate. These data suggest that pyruvate may be secreted from human pancreatic duct cells similar to bicarbonate secretion through mechanisms related to alkaline secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Myocardial ischemia in Kawasaki disease: follow-up study by cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography.

The clinical course of ischemic heart disease due to Kawasaki disease was analyzed. The subjects (children aged two months to eight years) were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 23) consisted of children who had sustained myocardial infarction (MI) and group 2 (n = 13) of those without clinical symptoms or signs of MI, but in whom signs of an obstructive lesion had appeared on coronary arteriography during the follow-up period. Changes in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the appearance of coronary arterial lesions on first and second angiography were analyzed in the two groups. It was found that (a) LVEF (51.4 +/- 13.4%, mean +/- SD) at the first study, obtained after MI in group 1, was significantly lower than that (64.3 +/- 3.7%) at the second one in group 2, which revealed recently developed obstructive lesions; (b) there was no significant difference between the two groups as to the severity of stenotic lesions on coronary arteriography; and (c) comparison of LVEF at the first angiography with that at the second study showed significant improvement in group 1 (1st, 54.2 +/- 12.0%; and 2nd, 60.8 +/- 9.7%) and significant depression in group 2 (1st, 68.1 +/- 4.4%; and 2nd, 64.3 +/- 3.7%).

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1988

Prostaglandin D2 diminishes transmucosal potential difference in rat colonic mucosa in vitro in contrast to the increasing effect of prostaglandin E1.

The effect of Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on ion transport was investigated in the rat colon in vitro. Ion transport across the intestinal mucosa was estimated by transmucosal potential difference (PD) and short circuit current (Isc) in the Ussing chamber. PGD2 added to the serosal reservoir induced a sustained reduction in PD and Isc at the concentration of higher than 10(-7)M, producing the maximal decrease at 10(-5)M. PGD2 at 10(-5)M completely blocked the increase in PD elicited by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), theophylline, dibutyryl cAMP or serotonin. Adenylate cyclase activity was determined in the colonic mucosal homogenates after addition of PGD2 and PGE1. Treatment with PGD2 or PGE1 caused a significant increase in the enzyme activity. Combined treatment with both prostaglandins induced no more increase than that elicited by PGE1 alone. These results suggest that PGD2 has an anti-secretory effect on the rat colon and it may regulate the ion transport process through other mechanism than the modification of cyclic AMP concentration in mucosal cells.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

Intraosseous epidermal cyst of the sacrum. A case report.

An unusual case of intraosseous epidermal cyst is reported. The patient, a 45-year-old Japanese female, had suffered from lumbago and dysuria for about 15 years. X-ray examinations and CT scan revealed an expanded osteolytic tumor without marginal sclerotic change within the sacrum, which anteriorly invaded the surrounding soft tissues at the S2/3 level. At this time, chordoma was suspected, but epidermal cyst with foreign body granuloma was finally diagnosed from biopsy and surgical specimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mucinous colorectal carcinoma: clinical pathology and prognosis.

Mucinous carcinomas accounted for 37 (6.4%) of 540 cases of colorectal carcinoma. The clinical and pathological features of these mucinous carcinomas were compared with those of the 510 well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. Mucinous carcinoma was more common in the patients 39 years of age or under (P less than 0.05) and was more frequent in the female patients. A large number of mucinous carcinomas were located in the rectum, followed by the right colon. However, the right colon showed a higher relative incidence (40.5% vs 12.5%, P less than 0.005). Mucinous carcinoma was characterized by infiltration of the surrounding tissues (24.3% vs 7.8%, P less than 0.005), positive lymph node involvement (75.7% vs 48.6%, P less than 0.005), and peritoneal implant (21.6% vs 4.1%, P less than 0.005). The cumulative five and ten year survival rates after resection of mucinous carcinoma were 45.5 per cent and 39.8 per cent, respectively, and those after curative resection, 72.4 per cent and 63.5 per cent, respectively. These survival rates were lower, without significant differences, than those for the well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. The results suggest the need for aggressive lymph node dissection and wide excision of the surrounding tissues for mucinous carcinoma, with special attention paid to local recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Postoperative total parenteral nutrition with fat emulsion for patients with esophageal varices].

The administration of fat emulsion and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was evaluated in 68 patients with liver disorders who underwent surgical treatment for esophageal varices. The subjects were divided into two groups, fat group (28 cases) and non-fat group (40 cases) according to with or without the administration of fat emulsion during the period of postoperative TPN. The results of liver function tests, blood glucose levels, intravenous fat tolerance tests, serum lipid levels, fatty acid composition in serum total lipids, nitrogen balances and body weight changes during the period of postoperative TPN were compared between both groups. Conclusions as follows; 1. The administration of fat emulsion during the period of postoperative TPN did not worsen the results of liver function tests, and relatively low levels of blood glucose were retained. 2. The removal rates of fat emulsion from the blood (K2 values) during the period of postoperative TPN were significantly higher than in those preoperative period, and changes in serum lipid level revealed no tendency toward retention of fat emulsion administered intravenously. 3. Cumulative nitrogen balance were almost similar in both groups. 4. The administration of fat emulsion the period of during postoperative TPN corrected the abnormalities of fatty acid composition in serum total lipid. Further, it was suggested that approximately more than 5 ml/kg/day of 10% fat emulsion would be advisable to prevent the decrease of linoleic acid. 5. These results suggested that the administration of fat emulsion was useful for the patients with esophageal varices during the period of postoperative TPN.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

In vitro evaluation of radioiodinated butyrophenones as radiotracer for dopamine receptor study.

Radioiodinated butyrophenone compounds are attracting the interest of those working on dopamine receptor studies; structure-activity relationship study has revealed the ortho position of the p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety as a very plausible iodination site. Various synthesized butyrophenones iodinated at the ortho position of p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety, 2'-iodohaloperidol (2'-IHP), 2'-iodotrifluperidol (2'-ITP) and 2'-iodospiperone (2'-ISP) were tested for their abilities to inhibit 3H-spiperone (SP) binding for the dopamine (D-2) receptor, together with reference compounds (SP, haloperidol(HP) and 4-iodospiperone (4-ISP]. The order of binding affinity of the tested compounds was SP greater than 2'-ISP greater than HP greater than 4-ISP greater than 2'-IHP greater than 2'-ITP. Whereas, the serotonin (S-2) receptor binding affinity of SP and its iodinated analogues were in the order of SP much greater than 4-ISP greater than 2'-ISP. Furthermore, in the saturation binding study using the striatal membrane preparations, the 2'-ISP displayed a KD of 0.25 nM with maximum number of binding site Bmax of 210 fmol/mg protein. These data indicated the 2'-ISP as holding high affinity for dopamine receptors and a low affinity for serotonin receptors. Thus, the 125I-2'-ISP was a very potent radioligand for in vitro dopamine (D-2) receptor studies, and 123I-2'-ISP holds very promising characteristics as for in vivo dopamine receptor studies, as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Purification and partial characterization of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein from human placenta.

Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) has been purified to homogeneity from human placenta by a series of procedures, including acetone powder extraction, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50, and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and on SP-Sephadex. Cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) was isolated concurrently. CRABP was purified 75,400-fold, based on total soluble acetone powder extract of placenta. The protein is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 14,600 Da, estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis or gel filtration, and has an isoelectric point of 4.78 (apo-CRABP, 4.82). On analysis of absorption and fluorescence spectra, the protein was seen to exhibit an absorption peak at 350 nm, fluorescence excitation maxima at 350 and 370 nm, and a fluorescence emission maximum at 475 nm. Human CRABP was immunologically distinct from human CRBP and serum retinol-binding protein.

Carrier Proteins↗