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Biomedical subjects

M Okuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Okuda.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Moderate dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue therapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer].

A clinical trial of moderate dose methotrexate (MTX)-CF rescue was conducted in 12 institutions. Thirty-seven patients with head and neck carcinoma entered this trial, of which 32 were evaluable. MTX was administered 350 mg/m2 (500 mg/body) by i.v. drip over 6 hours. Three hours after completion of MTX infusion, CF rescue was started. There was no complete response in 32 patients. Nine patients showed partial response with the response rate of 28%. The response rates were 21% for the group of patients treated previously, and 75% for the group untreated previously. MTX concentration in plasma was determined at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the initiation of MTX infusion, and the assay results revealed a safe range. GI disturbances were seen at the rates of 11 to 38%. Bone marrow suppression was mild and no renal toxicity was observed. We concluded that the moderate dose MTX-CF rescue therapy was useful for head and neck carcinoma. As a next step, we are planning to conduct a clinical trial of high-dose MTX.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A survey of rhinitis in Japan and an evaluation of the treatment with sodium cromoglycate.

4,907 cases reports of patients with rhinitis have been analysed in Japan; the majority were classified as allergic on the basis of positive skin and nasal provocation tests and a nasal eosinophilia. The patient characteristics have been evaluated and they are very similar to those seen in a European population. There was a high incidence of sensitivity to house dust, pollens and fungi. Treatment with Nasal Intal powder produced an effective therapeutic response in whom the major symptoms were sneezing and rhinorrhoea responded better than those with nasal obstruction. There was a clinically significant withdrawal or reduction of concomitant therapy particularly oral corticosteroids. In the majority of patients the therapeutic effect of Intal Nasal was observed after two weeks. The incidence of side effects was low and all were of a minor nature, the predominant one being nasal irritation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical study of serum and tissue concentrations of FT-207 and 5-FU in patients with cancer of the large intestine following preoperative application of FT-207 suppositories].

1.5 g/day of FT-207 suppository was administered for two weeks prior to operation to twenty patients with large bowel carcinoma of familiar poliposis coli. The level of FT-207 and 5-FU in serum, lymph node, tumor and normal colonic mucosa were determined by bioassay. The levels of FT-207 in the rectum, sigmoid colon and tumor were higher than that in serum. The levels of 5-FU in the rectum, sigmoid colon, tumor and lymph node were also higher than that in serum. The levels of FT-207 and 5-FU in carcinoma of the rectum was higher than those in serum. Compared with the level in normal rectal mucosa, only the level of 5-FU in rectal carcinoma was higher. From the histological point of view, the highest levels of FT-207 and 5-FU was observed in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. There was no side effect experienced in our series, therefore, FT-207 suppository seems to be one of the safe promising preoperative chemotherapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic standards for occupational nasal allergy.

Based on studies of 70 outpatients having occupational nasal allergy as well as mass examinations of workers in two industries, diagnostic standards for this condition were evaluated. In practice, interviews concerning the causal relation, frequency, latent period and atopic disposition often provide suggestions, but sometimes give unreliable evidence for the basis by which to diagnose occupational nasal allergy. Both rhinoscopy and nasal smear test for eosinophilia are available, but these only distinguish allergy from non-allergy. Therefore, examinations, such as skin tests, nasal tests and determination of the IgE antibody level, using allergen extract of good quality, are necessary for a final diagnosis.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

X-ray tomographical observations of the interrelationships among structures of the nasal airway.

In order to elucidate upon the interrelationships among the different structures in and around the nasal cavity, the noses of 95 adults without severe rhinitis, paranasal sinusitis, cysts or tumors were examined by means of X-ray tomography. The results indicate a close correlation between the width of the nasal cavity and 1) the width of the maxillary sinus, 2) the size, form and height of the inferior turbinate, 3) the size of the middle turbinate or 4) the nasal septal deviation; between the height of the nasal cavity and the length and height of the inferior turbinate or the length of the middle turbinate, and also between the degree of septal deviation and the width of the nasal cavity, the nasal meatus or olfactory slit or the form of the inferior turbinate. In conclusion, it is recognized that correction of the abnormal interrelationships among the different structures is important for functional nasal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Important factors in the nasal manifestation of allergy.

To elucidate whether or not histamine can be released by antigen from the nasal surface layer in sufficient quantities to produce nasal manifestation of allergy and which among three factors, i.e., the number of surface basophilic cells, the histamine release from these cells, or the mucosal histamine sensitivity, is the most responsible for the degree of nasal allergen provocation, we determined the allergen-induced histamine release from specimens of the mucus-epithelial layer of patients with nasal allergy and also counted the number of basophilic cells in these specimens after staining by Hansel's method. In addition, we evaluated the histamine sensitivity of the mucosa by the end-point test. The net histamine content released from the specimens of the nasal surface ranged from 25.5--310.7 microgram/cm3, which was found to be sufficient to produce nasal manifestation of allergy. Thye correlation coefficients were calculated as the relationships between the degree of provocation reaction and the level of histamine released from the nasal surface, the basophilic cell number, histamine releasability and histamine reactivity. these values were 0.645, 0.440, 0.481, and 0.155, respectively, and, when they were analyzed statistically, the most significant correlations to the degree of provocation reaction were found to be those between the degree of provocation reaction and the histamine content released from the nasal surface, the basophilic cell number, or the histamine releasability and histamine reactivity (p less than 0.01), in that order.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural study of the specific granule of the human eosinophil.

The authors have shown in one of their previous papers that incubation of human eosinophils with homologous immunocomplexes produces a lysis of specific granules and simultaneously releases a large amount of peroxidase from the granule matrix in the incubation medium. The present study has clarified that the matrix contains a membranous tubular structure, which is considered a container of enzymatic content on the basis of the experimental evidence that the peroxidase content of the matrix decreases as the tubular structure emerges both in the specific granules on incubation of eosinophils with immunocomplexes and in the allergic nasal mucous membrane. This study has also suggested that the tubular structure serves a channel to excrete the content of the matrix outside the cells.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗