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Biomedical subjects

M Okazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Okazaki.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis resulting in chronic respiratory failure and cor pulmonale].

A female case of Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis who was a smoker developed in chronic respiratory failure several years later. Biopsy specimen on first admission showed findings of granulomatous bronchioloalveolitis distributed in the center of secondary lobules. Pulmonary function studies demonstrated restrictive disease with high RV% and low airway conductance. In spite of steroid therapy, dyspnea persisted and the same symptoms were found on next summer. Six years later symptoms of chronic respiratory failure and cor pulmonale developed. Chest X-Ray showed dilated pulmonary artery, cardiomegaly and overinflation without apparent fibrosis. Hypoxemia and hypercapnia were also seen on blood gas analysis. Pulmonary function was unchanged compared to the findings on first admission. Since then long term oxygen therapy was started. It was thought that irreversible small airway disease caused by hypersensitivity pneumonitis was attributable to cor pulmonale and chronic respiratory failure because of her smoking habit and long period of exposure to antigen. As a patient with summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis always has a possibility of chronic disease developing after long term exposure to antigen, such as a farmer's lung, the cessation of exposure to antigen by complete cleaning up of the patient's environment or moving out were considered to be important.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1989

[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of advanced breast cancer--effects and side effects of adriamycin, 4'-epi-adriamycin and THP-adriamycin].

In 34 patients with primary advanced breast cancer, intra-arterial administration of ADR (50 mg X 3, total dose 150 mg, 10 cases), 4' epi ADR (50 mg X 3, 150 mg, 8 cases; 70 mg X 3, 210 mg, 10 cases) and THP-ADR (50 mg X 3, 150 mg, 6 cases) was performed, and its effects and side effect were analyzed. The clinical and histological response rate were superior in the ADR (150 mg) regimen and 4'-epi-ADR (150 mg) regimen. Signs of systemic toxicity such as gastrointestinal disorders, leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were the side effects in patients treated with THP-ADR, but the frequency of alopecia was lower. No cardiotoxicity was recorded in any of the patients. These results indicated that 4'-epi-ADR given the total dose of 150 mg in a single dosage of 50 mg was the most effective agent in intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of n-butyl alcohol solubilized, breast tumor specific antigens recognized by a human autologous cytotoxic T-cell clone.

We demonstrated previously the establishment of a human cytotoxic T-cell clone, TcHMC-1, under culturing with recombinant interleukin that showed the specific cytotoxicity against an autologous breast tumor cell line, HMC-1-8. In the present study, the autologous tumor specific antigens that could be involved in this cytotoxicity were extracted by using n-butyl alcohol and were analyzed for their biochemical profiles. The cytotoxicity of TcHMC-1 against HMC-1-8 was inhibited by adding OKT3 and OKT8 monoclonal antibodies into the cultures, or by pre-sensitizing HMC-1-8 target cells by anti-major histocompatibility complex class I monoclonal antibodies. This suggests that T-cell antigen receptor molecule complexes Ti/T3 on TcHMC-1 and corresponding specific tumor antigens on HMC-1-8 are involved in the cytotoxicity under the restriction of major histocompatibility complex class I products. Precultures of TcHMC-1 with crude n-butyl alcohol extracts from HMC-1-8 cells enhanced the cytotoxic potentials of this clone as seen as mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures. This enhancement was dependent on dosage of crude n-butyl alcohol extracts and these TcHMC-1 cells were still cytotoxic specifically for HMC-1-8 targets, but not for other allogenic tumor lines including K562. However, HMC-1-8 crude n-butyl alcohol extracts could not enhance DNA synthesis of TcHMC-1 as assessed by incorporation of [3H]thymidine in the cells. Biochemical purification studies demonstrated that the HMC-1-8 tumor specific antigens were eluted into fractions containing molecules with molecular weights of approximately 200,000 on Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The antigens were further separated into the fraction that was eluted with 0.4-0.5 M NaCl in an ionic strength on Mono Q fast protein liquid chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of this fraction demonstrated three molecules with molecular weights of 26,000, 30,000, and 32,000 under reduced molecular conditions. The data suggest that these molecules could be tumor specific antigens that are involved in the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T-cells against a human autologous tumor.

1-Butanol↗
PubMed1988

Small polydisperse low density lipoproteins in familial hyperalphalipoproteinemia with complete deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer activity.

Lipoprotein abnormalities were analyzed in 3 cases of marked hyperalphalipoproteinemia caused by complete deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer activity. The probands were all men, aged 34, 43 and 48 years, respectively. The serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels of these patients were higher than 150 mg/dl (157-254 mg/dl), while serum total cholesterol levels ranged from 227 to 360 mg/dl. Sequential flotation-ultracentrifugation analysis disclosed that low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was slightly decreased and that cholesteryl ester accumulated solely in the HDL2 fraction, which was also enriched with apolipoprotein E. Cholesteryl ester transfer activity was completely absent in all of these cases. High-performance liquid chromatography showed a decrease of LDL particle size in combination with a marked enlargement of HDL particle size. Analytical ultracentrifugation disclosed heterogeneity of LDL with the presence of small LDL subpopulations. We conclude that hyperalphalipoproteinemia due to complete deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer activity is characterized by the presence of both small polydisperse LDL and markedly large HDL enriched with cholesteryl ester and apolipoprotein E.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mechanical and biological properties of apatite composite resins.

Well-crystallized hydroxyapatite was synthesized at 80 degrees C and pH 7.4, and mixed as filler with 2.2'(4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl) propane. BPO and DHPT were used as polymerization initiators. The compressive strength and Knoop hardness of the apatite composite resins increased with the increase of apatite content, and approached a plateau above an apatite-resin ratio (Ap/R) of 1. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite with apatite-resin ratio Ap/R = 1 was almost equal to that of teeth. In tooth cavities, the composites seemed to adhere well to enamel without a bonding agent. The biocompatibility of the composites implanted hypodermically into rats appeared to improve with the increase of apatite content, and implants showed no significant inflammation after 1 wk and 4 wk.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1988

Loss of alleles at loci on chromosome 13 in human primary gastric cancers.

Mitotic events leading to the loss of the normal allele corresponding to a mutated gene are important for tumorigenesis in rare heritable tumors such as retinoblastoma and Wilms tumor. As reported for both colorectal and breast cancers, some common tumors seem to develop because of the same mitotic events. We examined constitutional and tumor genotypes defined by polymorphic DNA clones in 36 patients with gastric cancer. In 14 cases, constitutional heterozygosity at loci on chromosome 13 had been lost. Loss of alleles was also detected at a locus on chromosome 18 in two cases and at a locus on chromosome 17 in one case. The frequent loss of alleles at loci on chromosome 13 (41%) suggests that elimination of genes on this chromosome may be of importance in the tumorigenesis of human primary gastric cancers.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Effect of the porosity of the filler aggregates on the setting expansion of investment material.

Twenty experimental phosphate-bonded investments were prepared by the mixing of two types of fillers (spherical glass beads and irregularly shaped silica particles) with five types of filler aggregates of different porosities, and two different ratios of MgO to NH4H2PO4. These investments were mixed with three different liquids, and their setting expansion, time until setting expansion began (induction time), and fluidity were measured under constant experimental conditions. The following results were obtained: (1) The setting expansion was significantly related to bulk porosity of filler aggregates, not to packed porosity, despite variations in type of filler, ratio of MgO to NH4H2PO4 or type of liquid; and (2) the fluidity and the time until setting expansion began were also related to the bulk porosity of the filler aggregates.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1988

The measurement of platelet aggregation and ATP-release in mice with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) using a whole blood aggregometer.

Time course change in platelet function on liver damaged mice was studied by a whole blood aggregometer. The liver damaged animals were produced by single and multiple injections (p.o.) of 20% CCl4 in olive oil to ddY mice (6 weeks). Platelet aggregation and ATP-release were induced with collagen (final conc. of 2 micrograms/ml), ADP (final conc. of 20 microM) and arachidonic acid (AA: final conc. of 100 microM). After a single injection of CCl4, platelet counts increased at 5 and 12 hr, and then they decreased from 24 to 120 hr. Multiple injections of CCl4 resulted in a significant increase in platelet counts. A single injection of CCl4 suppressed aggregation by collagen at 24 and 48 hr and diminished the rate of ATP-release from 12 to 48 hr. AA-induced platelet aggregation was depressed at 48 hr, and ATP-release was also diminished from 24 to 72 hr after a single injection. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was decreased 24 and 48 hr after a single injection and at 48 hr after multiple injections, while, the rate of ATP-release by ADP was significantly increased after single and multiple injections. These changes in platelet functions might be consistent with our original report on the alterations in coagulative and fibrinolytic activities with CCl4-induced liver injury.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Loss of genes on the long arm of chromosome 22 in human meningiomas.

It has been proposed that loss of genes at specific chromosomal loci leads to tumorigenesis in some human tumors. This type of oncogenesis was first demonstrated in retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor. Recently, it has been reported that acoustic neuroma, ductal breast tumor, and renal cell carcinoma may be caused by the same mechanism. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated that some meningiomas have monosomy of chromosome 22. In addition, human meningiomas are often associated with bilateral acoustic neuroma in which specific loss of alleles on chromosome 22 has been demonstrated. Then, we compared constitutional and tumor genotypes from 14 cases of sporadic human meningiomas, using four polymorphic DNA probes on chromosome 22 (SIS, D22S1, D22S9, IGLC). Loss of constitutional heterozygosity was found in three of 11 informative cases. Two of the three meningiomas maintained constitutional heterozygosity at the IGLC locus and another one showed no loss of heterozygosity at IGLC or D22S9. These results suggest that loss of genes on chromosome 22 caused by either a partial deletion or a mitotic recombination at a locus distal to D22S9 plays an important role in tumorigenesis of the human meningioma.

Chromosome Deletion↗