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Biomedical subjects

M Oimomi

Publications and source records attributed to M Oimomi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A familial study of C5+cholinesterase and its frequency in the normal population.

A case of familial hypercholinesterasemia was presented. A cholinesterase isoenzyme study revealed the extra C5 band nearer to the cathode than C4 on the gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 6 out of 8 subjects in the family. No significant difference in the effect of inhibitors and activator was found when compared with the normal control. We investigated the frequency of variant with C5+cholinesterase in normal healthy subjects. The frequency of the extra C5 band found in the normal healthy population in Japan was 1.2%. It was considered to be clinically useful for differential diagnosis of patients with elevated serum cholinesterase to find subjects with familial hypercholinesterasemia.

Cholinesterases↗
PubMed1988

Glycation of cataractous lens in non-diabetic senile subjects and in diabetic patients.

Early- and advanced-stage products in the Maillard reaction, glycation, were measured in patients with diabetic or senile cataracts. Early-stage products were measured by means of furosine, which is an acid-hydrolysis product derived from fructose-lysine. Advanced-stage products were measured by fluorometry using high-performance liquid chromatography. Furosine levels were high (listed in descending order) in capsule, cortex and nucleus in both diabetic and senile cataracts. The advanced-stage products were also high (listed in descending order) in nucleus, cortex and capsule in both diabetic and senile cataracts. These results suggest that advanced-stage products might accumulate in larger amounts in the nucleus and cortex than in the capsule, resulting in the formation of cataracts. The study also revealed that the Maillard reaction plays an important role in causing not only diabetic cataracts but also senile cataracts.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

A study of the age-related acceleration of glycation of tissue proteins in rats.

The relationship between age-related glycation and a fluorescent product attributable to the advanced Maillard reaction was investigated in the aortas of rats between 4 and 120 weeks of age. The early-stage product of the Maillard reaction was measured using furosine (epsilon-N-(2-furoylmethyl)-L-lysine) as a marker. The advanced product was measured by fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography. The level of furosine in the aorta increased with aging to reach a maximum value in rats of 50 to 70 weeks of age, and decreased in rats from 90 to 120 weeks of age. By contrast, the level of the putative advanced product reached a maximum in 90-week-old rats and remained at the maximum level in 120-week-old rats. The level of glycated hemoglobin showed no significant change in rats of more than 14 weeks of age. The advanced Maillard products may play an important role in the pathophysiology of aging arteries.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative therapeutic plan for the treatment of obesity and a simple method for estimating appropriate caloric intake by using previous rate of weight loss.

We have formulated an equation for the calculation of the caloric intake in a reducing diet that is suited to individual obese patients. We have designed a system in which the weight loss achieved after the intake of a fixed number of calories over a given period is used as a basis for the next weight-reducing plan for a given patient. We devised the formula Y = X - 1000 (b2/a2-b1/a1) for calculating the daily caloric intake (Y). X is the previous caloric intake; b1 is achieved weight loss (kg) in the previous period (a1 weeks); and b2 is the planned reduction in weight in the subsequent target period (a2 weeks).

Energy Intake↗
PubMed1988

Glycation of hair protein in the assessment of long-term control of blood glucose.

Glycation of hair protein was assessed in diabetic patients by the measurement of furosine, which is derived from fructose-lysine, a glycated lysine residue in protein. The level of furosine in 12-cm-long hair which grew over the course of one year was significantly better correlated with the mean values of four determinations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and four determinations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) performed at three-month intervals than with FPG and the level of HbA1c, respectively, at the time of hair sampling. The level of glycation in hair, which corresponds to the time taken for hair growth, may represent the mean level of blood glucose during the time corresponding to the growth period. These results suggest that the determination of glycation in hair may be useful as an indicator of long-term control of blood glucose levels if appropriate lengths of hair are taken from the scalp.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The effects of carbamylation of hormones on their biological activities--with reference to 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine and insulin].

It has been demonstrated that the binding of cyanic acid, formed from urea which is increased in renal failure, to hemoglobin (Hb) results in the formation of HbA1. The combination of Hb and cyanic acid is called carbamylation, a nonspecific reaction between protein and cyanic acid. It is theoretically considered that like glycation, carbamylation may occur between cyanic acid and not only Hb but also various peptides and proteins. In the present study, hormones were subjected to carbamylation, and the effects of carbamylation on the biological activity of the hormones, i.e. 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine (T3) and insulin, were investigated. Carbamylated T3 and carbamylated insulin were synthesized in vitro, using KCNO. The carbamylated hormones were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biological activities of carbamylated T3 and carbamylated insulin were assayed by employing the metamorphosis of tadpoles (Rana nigromaculata) and the glucose oxidation of fat cells or the receptor binding capacity of rat hepatocytes, respectively. The biological activity of carbamylated T3 was less than about 1/13 of that of T3, and the binding activity of carbamylated insulin was 1/5 of that of insulin. Therefore, carbamylation of hormones may be an important factor in the analysis of clinical conditions, especially the endocrine condition in renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Increased cholesterol concentration in intermediate density lipoprotein fraction of normolipidemic non-insulin-dependent diabetics.

There is increasing agreement about the atherogenicity of intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL). In order to determine whether normocholesterolemic diabetics are at a higher risk of atherosclerosis, cholesterol concentrations in three subclasses of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein fraction (Sf 12-400) were examined. Their plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels were limited to below 150 and 250 mg/dl, respectively. They were divided into 3 groups according to their treatment: insulin injection (group I), sulphonylurea (group S) and diet alone (group D). Age-matched healthy normolipidemic non-obese subjects served as controls (group C). Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins were separated by ultracentrifugation: very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), Sf 60-400; intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL1), Sf 20-60; IDL2; Sf 12-20. Cholesterol concentrations in total plasma, VLDL, IDL2 and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were all identical in every group. A significant increase in cholesterol concentration was found in IDL1 of groups S and D. Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol of group I was also increased. These findings indicate an increased risk factor in normolipidemic diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Accelerated glycation of the aorta in diabetic rats.

Glycation of the aorta in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes was estimated by determining the early-stage product and the advanced product of the Maillard reaction. The early-stage product of the Maillard reaction was determined using furosine, which is derived from glycated lysine residues by acid hydrolysis. The advanced product was determined by fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography. The levels of both early-stage and advanced products in diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in non-diabetic rats at the age of both 20 and 50 weeks. The levels of both early-stage and advanced products at 50 weeks in rats tended to be higher than those at 20 weeks. However, the level of glycated hemoglobin in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats showed no significant change between 20 and 50 weeks of age. These results suggest that tissue glycation may be involved in the development of diabetic complications and may be related to the aging mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Carbamylation of insulin and its biological activity.

A nonspecific binding reaction between cyanic acid formed from urea and protein or peptide is called carbamylation. In the present study, insulin, a peptide hormone, was subjected to carbamylation and the activity of carbamylated insulin was determined. Both immunological and biological activities of insulin changed on carbamylation. The decrease in biological activity in respect to glucose oxidation of fat cells or receptor-binding capacity of rat hepatocytes was greater than that in immunological activity.

Adipose Tissue↗